搜索
第28讲应用文应用文(practicalwriting)包括书信、日记、便条、通知、讲演稿、履历表、新闻报道、电子邮件等。通常应用文都较简短，它有自己的固定格式，有些应用文连措辞都是相对固定的，如：欠条、请柬等。应用文重在应用、力求平实、准确简洁。常考应用文分类解读：一、书信书信写作常用句型1)信件开头常用语①写信给他人I'mwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussion(thelecture/meeting/activity)we(ourclass/ourschool)heldyesterday.I'mwritingtoaskifyoucancomenextweek.②回信给他人Yourlettercametomethismorning.IhavereceivedyourletterofJuly20th.Thankyouforyourletter.2)信件常用结束语①Pleaseremembermetoyourwholefamily.②Wishyouapleasantjourney.③Wishyousuccess./Wishyouthebestofhealth.④LookingforwardtoyournextvisittoChina.⑤Lookingforwardtothepleasureofmeetingyou.⑥Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.⑦Expectingtohearfromyouassoonaspossible.⑧Hopingtohearfromyousoon.⑨Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.⑩Withbestregardstoyourfamily.⑪Withloveandgoodwishes.⑫Bestwishes/regards!【范文赏析】DearJeff，I'mLiHuafromBeijingHongxingSchool.I'mveryhappytolearnthatyou'regoingtostaywithmyfamilywhileyou'reinBeijing.Whileyouarehere,we'llprovideyouwitharoomofyourownwithabed,adesk,acoupleofchairsandaTV.You'llalsohaveyourownbathroom.Ourschoolisquiteclosetoourhome,sowecouldgotoschooltogetherbybike.Atnoonwe'lleatattheschooldininghall.I'msureyou'lllikethedeliciousChinesefoodthere,andenjoytalkingwithfriendsoverlunch.Classesinourschoolusuallyfinishat4：00intheafternoon.Youcanthenjoinotherstudentsinplayinggamesorswimming.Itwillbealotoffun.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorrequests,pleaseletmeknow.We'lltryourbesttomakeyourstayhereinBeijingapleasantexperience.Bestwishes.Yours，LiHua二、日记日记是用以记叙一天生活中所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。写日记时要注意以下几点：1．格式：英文日记和中文日记的写法大致相同。一般是第一行写上日期、星期、天气状况。日期通常顶格写，后面是星期，天气状况写在右上角。表示天气情况的词一般用形容词，如：fine,cold,rainy,windy,cloudy,sunny,snowy,foggy等。正文部分另起一行。2．人称：日记要用第一人称写。3．时态：所记叙的事情通常发生在过去，所以常用一般过去时态。但如果要记叙天气、描写景色、展望未来、议论某事或对话引语等，可以使用一般现在时或一般将来时，以生动再现当时的情景。【范文赏析】March15thMondayWindyThiseveningIwenttoLiJiang'sbirthdayparty.Wesanganddanced.Wehadagoodtimeattheparty.WhenIleftLiJiang'shouse,itbegantorain.Itwaslate.Ihadtowalkhome.Amotorbikeranbymeveryfast.Ithitaboyatthecrossing.Butthemotorbikedidn'tstop.Itranaway.Ifeltveryangry.Iwrotedownitsnumber:FD—2819.Itelephonedthepoliceatonce.ThenIsenttheboytothehospital.三、通知在英语里，通知有书面通知和口头通知两种。书面通知又叫通告或布告。它是上级组织对下级组织、单位对成员部署工作、传达事情或召开会议所使用的一种应用文。【书面通知】书面通知的用词比较正式。一般由标题、正文和结尾三部分组成。为了醒目起见，通知正文上方的中央位置往往写上Notice或NOTICE。然后在标题下方一至两行处写通知的内容，这是通知的主体内容，要求写得言简意赅，对通知的对象、事情、时间和地点等应交代清楚，要求明确。接着在正文的右下方写发通知的单位或负责人姓名。在正文的左下方，低于写发通知单位一两行处顶格写通知日期(也可以写在右上角)。【范文赏析】Boysandgirls，MayIhaveyourattention,please?Ihaveanannouncementtomake.TheStudents'UnionisgoingtoholdapartyonSaturdayevening,July13,towelcomeourfriendsfromtheUnitedStates.ThepartywillbeheldintheroofgardenoftheMainBuilding.Itwillbeginat7：30pm.Therewillbemusic,dancing,singing,gamesandexchangeofgifts.Youmaybringalongasmallgiftforthispurpose.Remembertowrapitup,signyournameandwriteafewwordsofgoodwishes.Don'tforget:7：30,Saturdayevening,roofgarden,MainBuilding.It'ssuretobealotoffun.Everybodyiswelcome.That'sall.Thankyou!(2011天津卷)假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于6月26日接待来自于美国某中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托，负责安排在津的一日活动。请根据以下提示，用英语给该团的领队Smith先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动计划并简要说明理由，最后征求对方意见。◇上午与我校学生座谈(话题如校园生活、文化差异等)；◇中午与我校学生共同进餐(午餐包括饺子、面条等)；◇下午与我校学生游览海河。注意：1.词数不少于100；2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：海河theHaiheRiverDearMrSmith，IamLiHua,chairmanoftheStudents'Union,fromChenguangHighSchool._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：DearMrSmith，IamLiHua,chairmanoftheStudents'Union,fromChenguangHighSchool.We'reverygladtoknowyou'llcometoourschoolonJune26th,andnowit'smypleasuretointroduceourscheduletoyou.Inthemorning,you'llhaveatalkwiththestudentsofourschool.Thetopicincludesschoollife,thedifferencebetweenChinesecultureandAmericanculture.Next,we'llhavelunchtogetheratjiaozi，noodles.Afterthat,togetherwithusstudents,you'llhaveatriptotheHaiheRiverintheafternoon.That'stheplanforyourvisit.Ifyouhaveanyotherquestion,pleaseletmeknow.Bestwishestoyou.Yourssincerely，LiHua该篇书面表达要求考生写一封电子邮件。现在日常生活中人们之间的相互交流常采用电子邮件形式，因此它成为高考英语作文常见的考查形式之一也就不足为奇了，体现了考查学生在生活中运用英语的能力。一般来讲，邮件的抬头和落款都会给出，考生最需要把握的还是对邮件正文内容进行表述的基础语言运用能力。就像本篇文章，必须向对方交代清楚访问团的活动计划安排。但是，在陈述计划安排的过程中，考生要避免一个个要点的机械罗列，不能太拘泥于中文提示所给的句式，要灵活组织句式并用好过渡性词语。最后，记得用上信件常用结束语，如“Bestwishestoyou.”之类的句子。