2014考研英语阅读专项冲刺练习及答案(七)

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！2014考研英语阅读专项冲刺练习及答案(七)“Iwanttocriticizethesocialsystem,andtoshowitatwork,atitsmostintense.”VirginiaWoolf’sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwritingMrs.Dallowayhasregularlybeenignoredbythecritics,sinceithighlightsanaspectofherliteraryinterestsverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthe“poetic”novelistconcernedwithexaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfollowingtheintricatepathwaysofindividualconsciousness.ButVirginiaWoolfwasarealisticaswellasapoeticnovelist,asatiristandsocialcriticaswellasavisionary:literarycritics’cavalierdismissalofWoolf’ssocialvisionwillnotwithstandscrutiny.Inhernovels,Woolfisdeeplyengagedbythequestionsofhowindividualsareshaped(ordeformed)bytheirsocialenvironments,howhistoricalforcesimpingeonpeople’slives,howclass,wealth,andgenderhelptodeterminepeople’sfates.Mostofhernovelsarerootedinarealisticallyrenderedsocialsettingandinaprecisehistoricaltime.Woolf’sfocusonsocietyhasnotbeengenerallyrecognizedbecauseofherintenseantipathytopropagandainart.Thepicturesofreformersinhernovelsareusuallysatiricorsharplycritical.EvenwhenWoolfisfundamentallysympathetictotheircauses,sheportrayspeopleanxioustoreformtheirsocietyandpossessedofamessageorprogramasarrogantordishonest,unawareofhowtheirpoliticalideasservetheirownpsychologicalneeds.(HerWriter’sDiarynotes:“theonlyhonestpeoplearetheartists,”whereas“thesesocialreformersandphilanthropists…harbor…discreditabledesiresunderthedisguiseoflovingtheirkind…”)Woolfdetestedwhatshecalled“preaching”infiction,too,andcriticizednovelistD.H.Lawrence(amongothers)forworkingbythismethod.Woolf’sownsocialcriticismisexpressedinthelanguageofobservationratherthanindirectcommentary,sinceforher,fictionisacontemplative,notanactiveart.Shedescribesphenomenaandprovidesmaterialsforajudgmentaboutsocietyandsocialissues;itisthereader’sworktoputtheobservationstogetherandunderstandthecoherentpointofviewbehindthem.Asamoralist,Woolfworksbyindirection,subtlyunderminingofficiallyacceptedmores,mocking,suggesting,callingintoquestion,ratherthanasserting,advocating,bearingwitness:hersisthesatirist’sart.Woolf’sliterarymodelswereacutesocialobserverslikeChekhovandChaucer.AssheputitinTheCommonReader,“ItissafetosaythatnotasinglelawhasbeenframedoronestonesetuponanotherbecauseofanythingChaucersaidorwrote;andyet,aswereadhim,weareabsorbingmoralityateverypore.”LikeChaucer,Woolfchosetounderstandaswellastojudge,toknowhersocietyrootandbranch凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！—adecisioncrucialinordertoproduceartratherthanpolemic.1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?[A]PoetryandSatireasInfluencesontheNovelsofVirginiaWoolf.[B]VirginiaWoolf:CriticandCommentatorontheTwentieth-CenturyNovel.[C]TrendsinContemporaryReformMovementsasaKeytoUnderstandingVirginiaWoolf’sNovels.[D]VirginiaWoolf’sNovels:CriticalReflectionsontheIndividualandonSociety.2.Inthefirstparagraphofthetext,theauthor’sattitudetowardtheliterarycriticsmentionedcanbestbedescribedas[A]disparaging.[B]ironic.[C]facetious.[D]skepticalbutresigned.3.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatWoolfchoseChaucerasaliteraryexamplebecauseshebelievedthat[A]ChaucerwasthefirstEnglishauthortofocusonsocietyasawholeaswellasonindividualcharacters.[B]Chaucerwasanhonestandforthrightauthor,whereasnovelistslikeD.H.Lawrencedidnotsincerelywishtochangesociety.[C]Chaucerwasmoreconcernedwithunderstandinghissocietythanwithcallingitsacceptedmoresintoquestion.[D]Chaucer’swritingwasgreatly,ifsubtly,effectiveininfluencingthemoralattitudesofhisreaders.4.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthemostprobablereasonWoolfrealisticallydescribedthesocialsettinginthemajorityofhernovelswasthatshe[A]wasawarethatcontemporaryliterarycriticsconsideredthenoveltobethemostrealisticofliterarygenres.[B]wasinterestedintheeffectofaperson’ssocialmilieuonhisorhercharacterandactions.[C]neededtobeasattentivetodetailaspossibleinhernovelsinordertosupporttheargumentssheadvancedinthem.[D]wantedtoshowthatapainstakingfidelityintherepresentationofrealitydidnotinanywayhampertheartist.5.Whichofthefollowingphrasesbestexpressesthesenseoftheword“contemplative”asitisusedinline2,paragraph4ofthetext?[A]Graduallyelucidatingtherationalstructuresunderlyingacceptedmores.[B]Reflectingonissuesinsocietywithoutprejudiceoremotionalcommitment.[C]Avoidingtheaggressiveassertionoftheauthor’sperspectivetotheexclusionofthereader’sjudgment.[D]Conveyingabroadviewofsocietyasawholeratherthanfocusingonan凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！isolatedindividualconsciousness.[答案与考点解析]1.【答案】D【考点解析】这是一道中心主旨题。本文的中心主旨句在首段的尾句，结合每段的主题句，我们可以推断出本文是在讲“VirginiaWoolf”的小说以及其小说对个人与社会之间的关系进行的相关阐述。可见本题的正确选项应该是反映上述内容的选项D。考生在解题时应注意全文的中心主旨句以及每段的主题句之间的相互关系。2.【答案】A【考点解析】本题是一道细节推导题。题干中的“literarycritics”暗示本题的答案信息来源应该在首段的尾句，通过对本句的阅读与理解可推断出本文作者对“literarycritics”的态度是否定的，故选项A应该是本题的正确选项。本题的选项D因为“resigned”(屈从的，顺从的)一词而不能成为本题的正确选项，因为原文中并没有包含这方面的意思。考生在解题时一定要认真理解原文的每一个单词。3.【答案】D【考点解析】这是一道句间关系题。通过题干中的“Chaucer”一词可迅速将本题的答案信息确定在尾段的首句。通过阅读尾段的第一句和第二句，我们可以推断出本题的正确选项应该是突出“morality”含义的选项D。考生在解题时一定要考虑到上下句之间的联系。4.【答案】B【考点解析】这是一道句间关系题。通过题干中的“realistically”和“socialsetting”可将本题的答案信息来源迅速确定在第二段的尾句，通过阅读和