汽车故障诊断系统的设计和开发

上海交通大学硕士学位论文汽车故障诊断系统的设计和开发姓名：蔡浩申请学位级别：硕士专业：机械工程指导教师：黄宏成;许争20090301I,,(ECU),,(ECU)ECU,ECUCARDAQ2008:ABSTRACTIIVEHICLEDIAGNOSTICSYSTEMDESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTABSTRACTRecentlymoreandmorecomputerandelectrictechnologybeusedinautomobiledesign,automobilewillhavemoreandmorefunctionandmoreelectriccontrolunit.Buttheautomobileproblemwillbemoreandmoredifficultlytofixit.Diagnosticsystemandsoftwarewillbepopularandhavemorefunctions.Thisarticleanalysetheautomobileproblemanddiagnosticsystemsstatus,especiallystudytheelectriccontrolunitfaultscondition,andalsostudythevehicleDTCdiagnosticprocess.Thendevelopthisvehiclediagnosticsystem.Themaincontentincludediagnosticarchitecturedesign,DTCdesignanddatadisplaydesign.Thissystemincludetwofunction,oneisdiagnosticfunction,oneissoftwareservicereprogrammingfunction.Thruthissystemtechniciancanreaddiagnostictroublecode,readelectriccontrolunitdataflow,doECUsetupandconfiguration,readelectriccontrolunithardwareandsoftwareinformationandversion,doelectriccontrolunitinternalsoftwarereprogramming,andalsodevelopaseedandkeysoftwarealgorithmtopreventinlegalchangethesoftware.Technicianusingthissystemcanquicklytofindtheproblemsandquicklytosolvetheproblems.Thisprojecthaspracticalityandeconomyvalue,thisprojectgotthe2008PATACScience&TechnologyInnovationAward3rdPrize.KEYWORDS:vehicle,diagnostic,system,design,development11.11.1.11.2.(1)(2)[1]1.1.2,,,21985REGENIELANGLEY801.21.2.15000100019947--,,,,.1.2.2,,,,,,3170280:380441.31.3.112341.3.21.2.3.54.5.6.1.4(on-boarddiagnostic):1(7080)STAR(Self-TestAutomaticReader)1978EEC-1979EEC-19801984EEC-ECUScanner1981ECM1985BCM2(8080)ECU6TECH1(DataLinkConnector)3(80)1985OASIS(On-LineAutomotiveMaintenancesystem)1956CAMS(ComputerizedAutomotiveMaintenanceSystem)--DELTA(CATS-1)8090[2]1.5ECU,,:72.12.1.1123458[3]2.1.21,,,9,,,,,,,OBD(OnboardDiagnostic),,,,,,,OBD,,,,,,,,,,,OBD,,,,,,,,10,,,,,,,,,,,SAEJ1113SAEJ1850BSAEJ1930SAEJ1962SAEJ1979SAEJ2012SAEJ2201OBDSAEJ2205ISO7637ISO9141-2CARB:13,1968.140CFR862.2112.2.1:;11Fig.1ECUdiagnosticprinciple;;12()[4]2.2.1,,,,,,,4S4S1322Fig.2ECUdiagnosticprocess2.3143.1-PC()PCECU33Fig.3Diagnosticsystemarchitecture153.23.2.1:(1)PCPCPC(2)41.6kPWM10.4kVPW,500KCAN(3)USB3.2.2:1KWP2000CANClass2KWP2000ECUECUECUClass216100-100KbpsCAN(ControllerAreaNetwork)2080BOSCH2;3;PCUSBPC(4)(5)USBPCPC3.2.3MDI(4MDI)USBPCPCMDI167x114x38:4541732520128SD512IEEE802.114MDIFig.4MDIdiagnostictoolMDIKWP2000,CAN,CLASS2,UARTMDIUSBPC5MDIECUMDI5Fig.5Vehiclediagnosticconnecter18PCPCECUISO-OSIPCECUECUECU3.2.3GMTECH2VCM+VGSX431PCPCPCPC3.3.(1)MicrosoftWindowsXP19MicrosoftWindowsVISTARMSDOS,Windows3.2,Wmdows3.11forworkgroup,Linux,Unix(2)WindowsXPVisualStudio,VisualStudioWindowsMicrosoft(3)MSSQLServer(4):a.b.ECUc.d.3.4,,,ECU20ECU4.1RAMKAM4.1.1SAEJ2012,SAEJ2012DTC,,.,DTC,,B0-B3,C0-C3,P0-P3,U0-U3SAE;6ECU216Fig.6DTCdefinition(BYTE),ECU,,,1B1234,$9,B,B1234.1B12344(0-F)[5]3(0-F)[4](0-F)[3]00=ISO/SAE01=10=ISO/SAE11=ISO/SAE[2]ISO/SAE11=P3000P339911=SAEP3400P399900=(P)01=(C)10=(B)11=(U)[1]b7b6b5b4b3b2b1b0Byte2Byte1b7b6b5b4b3b2b1b0ECU22ABC,DABA:B:BBBC:D:;ECU23:4.2,P0101MAF129.0V18.0V325%4TP10s550%650%ECUP0101ECUECUECUECU24ECUP0101MAF800r/min1%MAF2kHzECUECUECU3%,ECU800r/min3%MAF2kHz800r/min3%MAF2800Hz,ECU800r/min3%MAF2kHzP0101MAFMAF1%ECU4.34.3.1.5V0.14.9V0.1-4.9VECU25(1)1.6L2.0-.4.0g/s(2)1.6L05()954.3.2ECU,ECUECU/ECU/ECU,ECU1.ECU//;ECUECU26B17352.ECU/;ECUECU3.ECU;ECUECU,ECU,,ECUABSABSABS30304.ECUECU;,,,ECU27,ECU,ECU,ECUECUECU5.ECU,ECU,,ECUECU(1)ECU(2)ECUECU(3)ECU(4)ECUECUECUECUDTCP0101/2-6/1-2100/115ECU2860/(BARO)/111.54.9-5.24.95554950-5025ECU29:1.2.3.4.Normal()5.5K6.57.8.4950-5025(MAF)/(IAT)4.4P0101ECUECU305.1:ECUECU()ECUECUECUECUECUECUECUECU5.2315.2.1SAE:(1)ECUECU2ECU,34DTC,5(6(7)Onstar32(8)5.2.2.(1)MicrosoftWindowsXPMicrosoftWindowsVISTARMSDOS,Windows3.2,Wmdows3.11forworkgroup,Linux,Unix(2)WindowsXPVisualStudio,VisualStudioWindowsMicrosoft(3)MSSQLServer(4):a.MDIb.ECUc.ECU5.2.3335.2.3.1MDI-PC:a.ECU,ECUECUKWP200010.4Kbps,811ECUCLASS233.3Kbps,811ECUGMLAN500/33.3Kbps,811PC-PCb.USB-PC-PC5.2.3.2ECU1ECUECUVINVINVIN1730VINWMIVDSVISVDS34VIN2.ECUECU,1.6L1.8L,ECM,ECU5.2.3.3ECUECU,PCMDIMDIPC,:(1)PCECUECUPCECUECU,ECUDTCECM:DTCP0562ECMDTCP0562(2),P0562:1802DTCP056235:104:(IPC)(MIL)::ECMECU403ECUECUECUECUECUPIDECM2PID2HEXPID1120RPM=HEX/51130KM/H=HEX11401V=HEX/62.10115A2V=HEX/62.10116AEGRV=HEX/51117B%=HEX/3.2PID36PIDKWP2000214ECUECUPID:PIDIDPIDPIDPIDPID:a.:b.PIDID:PIDIDc.:PIDd.:e.:MDIECU73787MDIECUFig.7MDIcommunicationandECUrequest/answerdiagram388Fig.8Dataanalysediagram5.3ECU5.3.1ECU,ECU,ECUECUECMECMDTCP0606ECUECMECMECU39ECUECU()ECU(CPU)(ROM-RAM)(I/O)(CPU)16(ECU)ECUMCUMicrocontrollerUnit(SingleChipMicrocomputer)CPURAMROMI/OMCUMASK()ROMOTP()ROMFLASHROMMASK()ROMOTP()ROMECUMCUMASK()ROMOTP()ROMECUFLASHROMFlashMaskFlash2FlashMaskFLASHROM1.ECU,,ECU2.40ECU,ECUECUECU3ECUflashbasemodel),ECUMCUECMFlashMASK()ROMOTP()ROMECUECUECUFLASHROMECUECUECUECUECU1.ECUECU2000152.ECUECU3.ECU4ECU415.3.2ECUECU,ECUECUECUECU1.6L1.8L,1.6L1.8L,,ECU,9ECM429ECMFig.9ECUsoftwarestructureECU,,//,ECMECUECUECMECU5.3.3ECUECUECUECUECUECUECUECUECU43ECU