2011年高考英语完形填空之记叙文类【考点题型】高考作为选拔性考试,必须具有较高的信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空正好满足了这一要求,它集中了短文的任意设空和单项填空两种题型的优点,综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力,因而是高考试题中要求最高、难度最大的一种题型。高考完形填空试题一般具有以下特点:1.文章短小,结构严谨,逻辑性强。每篇文章都有一个主题且首句不设空。2.以考查对文章的理解和词汇意义为主,常识、语法和惯用搭配为辅。3.将语言点、语法点放在语篇中进行考查。4.四个选项一般都是相同或对等的词类。5.所选文章一般都是具有一定故事情节的记叙文,近几年夹叙夹议的文章逐渐增多。其难度与高中教材大致相同。6.文章长度一般在250~350词左右。【名师解题指南】分析近几年全国及各省市的高考试题,我们不难看出高考完形填空的体裁以记叙文为主且呈以下发展趋势:1、首句完整,线索清晰一般来说,完形填空首句中会包含人物身份和事件发生的时间、地点等重要信息,并且不设空。2、叙述灵活,侧重语境文章以叙述为主,人物间对话较少,绝大部分篇章都是作者在描述事件,较少加入自己的观点或评论。另外,记叙型完形填空中常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换或语气上的差异,这就增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性,从而突出了对语境的考查,实现了在理解上下文的基础上,通过语境来辨析词语并做出选择这一考查目的。3、考查以实词为主,虚词为辅记叙型完形填空篇幅不长,行文始终紧扣中心话题,形成一个主题连续体。考查重点集中在动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词上。二、应试技巧1、重视首句,开篇明义从历年高考试题可以看出,完形填空首句一般不设空,而且它往往是整篇文章的主旨句,这就为考生理解文章的内在联系提供了一个窗口,所以考生应充分重视首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,并据此进行拓展思维。2、通读全文,把握大意在看选项之前要先把文章通读一遍,遇到不甚明白的地方先跳过去,接着往下读,全力以赴捕捉重要信息。通读时,要重点把握文章中所叙述的人物、时间、地点和事件,同时对空格中要填入的词作试探性的猜测,为下一步选择答案做好准备。3、利用语境,揣摩作者的心态高考完形填空题逐渐朝着深层化和语境化的方向发展,因此考生要借助上下文乃至全文语境揣摩作者的心态。4、理清线索,把握方向记叙文一般按事件发展的顺序叙述(有时也用倒叙)。答题时,通过理清人物间的关系,把握人物各自所做的事情,从而找准作者的记叙方向,正确理解文章。【11真题全解全析】1.(2011·辽宁卷)完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各愿所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.ThisyearIdecidedtodosomethingtoregainmygoodnameasakindlyuncle.My36Tony,hadneverforgivenmeforthedictionaryIhadboughthimasabirthdaypresentlastyear.His37hadnoreasontobethankfultomeeither,becausetheyearbefore,Ihad38theirdearsonwithapotofpaste(浆糊)andsomefunnypictures.Insteadof39themintoabook,Tonyhadnaturallycoveredeverywallinthehousewiththem.Thisyear,40,Idecidedtolethim41forhimself.Wewentintoabigshop,butTonywasveryparticularabout42.AlthoughItriedtoshowhimtoyaftertoy,hewasnottobe43.ThenIsawhesuddenlybecame44;hehaddiscoveredsomethinghereallyliked:alargetindram.Iwasquitehappytoo45IthoughtwhatTony’smotherwouldsaywhenshesawit.Nobodywouldgetany46forweeks!IledTonyaway47,sayingthatthedramwastooexpensive.Tonyaskedforpermissiontogooff48andImadethemostofmychancetositdownend49myachingfeet.FifteenminutespassedbuttherewasstillnosignofTony.Ibegantoget50andgotuptolookforhim.Iaskedayoungladyifshehadseenalittleboyinagreysuit.Shelooked51herhelplesslyandpointedoutthatthereweresomany52ingreysuits.Iwasjustgoingtocallthepoliceforhelp,whenIsawastrange53dressedinstrangeorangeclothes.Hewaswearingafalsebeardandhadacaveman’saxe(斧子)inonehand,andaspacegunintheother.Itwas,ofcourse,Tony,whoinformedme54thathewasthefirst55toflyintospace.36.A.cousinB.daughterC.grandsonD.nephew37.A.friendsB.parentsC.classmatesD.brothers38.A.presentedB.annoyedC.confusedD.occupied39.A.enteringB.dividingC.stickingD.drawing40.A.anyhowB.thoughC.againD.therefore41.A.guessB.chooseC.payD.see42.A.sweetsB.toysC.clothesD.books43.A.pleasedB.disturbedC.acceptedD.disappointed44.A.surprisedB.hopefulC.patientD.excited45.A.afterB.untilC.unlessD.since46.A.shockB.troubleC.peaceD.time47.A.happilyB.eagerlyC.cautiouslyD.quickly48.A.onhisownB.inhiswayC.nowandthenD.moreorless49.A.dragB.restC.layD.step50.A.ashamedB.angryC.worriedD.doubtful51.A.aboutB.toC.atD.across52.A.youngladiesB.newcustomersC.lovingparentsD.smallboy53.A.figureB.actorC.manD.doll54.A.ontimeB.atonceC.justnowD.onceagain55.A.policemanB.spacemanC.cavemanD.postman42.B根据后面的showhimtoyaftertoy可知,此处表示Tony对玩具很挑剔,故选toys。43.A我拿给他一个又一个玩具,他都不“满意”。44.D我看到他突然变得很“兴奋”;他发现了自己真正喜欢的:一个很大的锡鼓。45.B我也很高兴——”直到“我想到Tony的母亲见到鼓时,会有怎样的反应。46.C可能数星期大家都不得“安宁”。47.D我“很快”带着Tony走开,告诉他鼓太贵了。48.A根据下文我没有等到Tony可知,此处表示“Tony请求独自一人离开(去到处看看)”,故应选onhisown。49.B趁此机会,我坐下来让疼痛的脚“休息”一下。50.C15分钟过去了,但是仍然没有Tony的踪影。我开始“着急”了,站起来去找他。51.A她无助地“四处寻找”,然后指出有如此多的身穿灰色套装的小男孩。lookabout“四处寻找”,符合语境。-52.D根据语境可知此处表示“有如此多的身穿灰色套装的小男孩”,故用smallboys。53.A我正准备离开的时候,突然见到一个奇怪的“人物”,身穿奇怪的橘黄色衣服。54.Batonce“立即,马上”符合语境。55.C根据前文的关键信息“…hadacaveman’saxe(斧子)…”可知答案。2.(2011·重庆卷)完形填空MyfatherbroughthomeasailboatwhenIwasten,andalmosteachSundayinsummerswewouldgosailing.Dadwasquiteskilledinsailing,butnotgoodat36.Asforme,I37bothbeforetwelvebecauseoflivingclosetoLakeOntario.ThelasttimeDadandIsetsailtogetherisreally38.ItwasaperfectweekendafterIgraduatedfromuniversity.Icamehomeand39Dadtogosailing.Outwesetsoononthe40lake.Dadhadn’tsailedforyears,buteverything41wellwiththetiller(舵柄)inhishands.Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,a42windcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit43.Dadwasalwaysathisbestinany44,butatthismomenthe45.[来“John!46!”heshoutedinatremblingvoice,withthetillerstillinhishands.Inmymemoryhecouldfixany47.HewastheoneIalways48forstrengthandsecurity.BeforeIcouldrespond,a49ofwatergotintotheboat.Irushedtothetiller50itwastoolate.Antherhugewallofwater51theboatinaminute.Wewerethrownintothewater,andDadwasstrugglingaimlessly.Atthatmoment,Ifeltfiercely52ofhim.IswamtoDad53andassistedhiminclimbingontothehull(船壳)oftheboat.Uponsittingonthehull,Dadwasalittleawkwardabouthisflashof54.“It’sallright,Dad.Wearesafenow,”Icomfortedhim.ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.Moreimportantly,Ifounditwasmyturntostart55formyfather.36.A.boatingB.runningC.swimmingD.teaching37.A.enjoyedB.desiredC.hatedD.learned38.A.unforgivableB.unforgettableC.cheerfulD.regretful39.A.sentB.orderedC.invitedD.all