汽车电器试验标准(1)

SAETechnicalStandardsBoardRulesprovidethat:“ThisreportispublishedbySAEtoadvancethestateoftechnicalandengineeringsciences.Theuseofthisreportisentirelyvoluntary,anditsapplicabilityandsuitabilityforanyparticularuse,includinganypatentinfringementarisingtherefrom,isthesoleresponsibilityoftheuser.”SAEreviewseachtechnicalreportatleasteveryfiveyearsatwhichtimeitmaybereaffirmed,revised,orcancelled.SAEinvitesyourwrittencommentsandsuggestions.QUESTIONSREGARDINGTHISDOCUMENT:[phone]FAX:[phone]TOPLACEADOCUMENTORDER;[phone]FAX:[phone]SAEWEBADDRESS(R)JOINTSAE/TMCRECOMMENDEDENVIRONMENTALPRACTICESFORELECTRONICEQUIPMENTDESIGN(HEAVY-DUTYTRUCKS)1.Scope—Theclimatic,dynamic,andelectricalenvironmentsfromnaturalandvehicle-inducedsourcesthatinfluencetheperformanceandreliabilityofvehicleandtractor/trailerelectroniccomponents,areincludedinthisSAERecommendedPractice.Testmethodsthatcanbeusedtosimulatetheseenvironmentalconditionsarealsoincluded.ThisinformationisapplicabletodieselpowertrucksinClasses6,7,and8.1.1Purpose—Thisguidelineisintendedtoaidthedesignerofautomotiveelectronicsystemsandcomponentsbyprovidingmaterialthatmaybeusedtodevelopenvironmentaldesigngoals.2.References2.1ApplicablePublications—Thefollowingpublicationsformapartofthespecificationtotheextentspecifiedherein.UnlessotherwiseindicatedthelatestrevisionofSAEpublicationsshallapply.2.1.1SAEPUBLICATIONS—AvailablefromSAE,400CommonwealthDrive,Warrendale,PA15096-0001.SAEJ400—TestforChipResistanceofSurfaceCoatingsSAEJ726—AirCleanerTestCodeSAEJ1113NEWDRAFT—ElectromagneticSusceptibilityProceduresforVehicleComponents(ExceptAircraft)SAEJ1211—RecommendedEnvironmentalPracticesforElectronicEquipmentDesignSAEJ1812—FunctionPerformanceStatusClassificationforEMCSusceptibilityTestingofAutomotiveElectronicandElectricalDevices2.1.2ASTMPUBLICATIONS—AvailablefromASTM,100BarrHarborDrive,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959.ASTMC150-84—SpecificationforPortlandCementASTMB117-73—StandardMethodofSaltSpray(Fog)TestingASTMD775-80—MethodforDropTestforLoadedBoxesASTMD880-79—MethodforInclineImpactTestforShippingContainers2.1.3MILITARYPUBLICATIONS—AvailablefromU.S.Government,DODSSP,SubscriptionServiceDivision,Building4D,700RobbinsAvenue,Philadelphia,PA19111-5094.MIL-STD-810D,19July1983—EnvironmentalTestMethodsandEngineeringGuidelinesMIL-STD-202F,01April1980—TestMethodsforElectronicandElectricalComponentPartsSAEJ1455RevisedAUG94-2-2.1.4RELATEDPUBLICATIONS—Thefollowingpublicationsareprovidedforinformationpurposesonlyandarenotarequiredpartofthisdocument.TAPPIT801-83TAPPIT802-813.Application3.1EnvironmentalDataandTestMethodValidity—TheinformationincludedinthefollowingsectionsisbasedupontestresultsachievedbymajorNorthAmericantruckmanufacturersandcomponentequipmentsuppliers.Operatingextremesweremeasuredattestinstallationsnormallyusedbymanufacturerstosimulateenvironmentalextremesforvehiclesandoriginalequipmentcomponents.Theyareofferedasadesignstartingpoint.Generally,theycannotbeuseddirectlyasasetofoperatingspecificationsbecausesomeenvironmentalconditionsmaychangesignificantlywithrelativelyminorphysicallocationchanges.Thisisparticularlytrueofvibration,enginecompartmenttemperature,andelectromagneticcompatibility.Actualmeasurementsshouldbemadeasearlyaspracticabletoverifythesepreliminarydesignbaselines.Theproposedtestmethodsarecurrentlybeingusedforlaboratorysimulationorareconsideredtobearealisticapproachtoenvironmentaldesignvalidation.Theyarenotintendedtoreplaceactualoperationaltestsunderadverseconditions.Therecommendedmethodsdescribestandardcyclesforeachtypeoftest.Thedesignermustspecifythenumberofcyclesoverwhichthevehicleelectroniccomponentsshouldbetested.Thenumberofcycleswillvarydependinguponequipment,location,andfunction.Whilethestandardtestcycleisrepresentativeofanactualshorttermenvironmentalcycle,noattemptismadetoequatethiscycletoanaccelerationfactorforreliabilityordurability.Theseconsiderationsarebeyondthescopeofthisdocument.3.2OrganizationofTestMethodsandEnvironmentalExtremesInformation3.2.1ThedatapresentedinthisdocumentarecontainedinSections4and5.Section4,EnvironmentalFactorsandTestMethods,describesthethirteencharacteristicsoftheexpectedenvironmentthathaveanimpactontheperformanceandreliabilityoftruckandbuselectronicsystems.Thesedescriptionsaretitled:a.Temperatureb.Humidityc.SaltSprayAtmosphered.ImmersionandSplash(Water,Chemicals,andOils)e.SteamCleaningandPressureWashingf.Fungusg.Dust,Sand,andGravelBombardmenth.Altitudei.MechanicalVibrationj.MechanicalShockk.GeneralHeavy-DutyTruckElectricalEnvironmentl.SteadyStateElectricalCharacteristicsm.Transient,Noise,andElectrostaticCharacteristicsn.ElectromagneticCompatibility/ElectromagneticInterferenceTheyareorganizedtocoverthreefacetsofeachfactor:1.Definitionofthefactor2