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1大学英语四级模拟试题精编（2012.3）ModelTest1PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofSteppingAwayfromOnlineGames.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.现在许多大学生沉溺于网络游戏；2.沉溺于网络游戏给大学生带来的影响3.建议大家远离这种消遣方式SteppingAwayfromOnlineGamesPartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HappinessandSadnessHappinessandsadnessaretwomostbasicandfamiliarfeelingforhumanbeings.Recently,peoplehaveachievedfurtherunderstandingaboutthem.HappinessUniversityofIllinois,psychologistEdDiener,whohasstudiedhappinessforaquartercentury,wasinScotlandrecently,explainingtomembersofParliamentandbusinessleadersthevalueofincreasingtraditionalmeasuresofacountry'swealthwithanationalindexofhappiness.Suchanindexwouldmeasurepoliciesknowntoincreasepeople’ssenseofwell-being,suchasdemocraticfreedoms,accesstohealthcareandtheruleoflaw.EricWilsontriedtogetwiththeprogram.Urgedonbyfriends,heboughtbooksonhowtobecomehappier.Hemadeeveryefforttosmoothouthishabitualworriedlookandwearasunnysmile,sinceahappyexpressioncanleadtogenuinelyhappyfeelings.Wilson,aprofessorofEnglishatWakeForestUniversity,tookupjogging,reputedtoboostthebrain'ssupplyofjoyfulneuro-chemicals,andbeganhisconversationswithgreat!andwonderful!,thebettertoexercisehiscapacityforenthusiasm.However,somescientistsarereleasingthemost-extensive-everstudycomparingmoderateandextremelevelsofhappiness,andfindingthatbeinghappierisnotalwaysbetter.Insurveysof118,519peoplefrom96countries,scientistsexaminedhowvariouslevelsofsubjectivewell-beingmatchedupwithincome,education,politicalparticipation,volunteeractivitiesandcloserelationships.Theyalsoanalyzedhowdifferentlevelsofhappiness,asreportedbycollegestudents,correlatedwithvariousoutcomes.Evenallowingforimprecisioninpeople'sself-reportedsenseofwell-being,theresultswereunambiguous.Thehighestlevelsofhappinessgoalongwiththemoststable,longestandmostcontentedrelationships.Thatis,evenalittlediscontentwithyourpartnercancauseyoutolookaroundforsomeonebetter,untilyouareatbestaserialmonogamistandatworstneverinaloving,stablerelationship.Nevertheless,“onceamoderatelevelofhappinessisachieved,furtherincreasescansometimesbeharmful”toincome,careersuccess,educationandpoliticalparticipation,DienerandcolleagueswriteinthejournalPerspectivesonPsychologicalScience.Onascalefrom1to10,where10isextremelyhappy,8sweremoresuccessfulthan9sand10s,gettingmoreeducationandearningmore.Thatprobablyreflectsthefactthatpeoplewhoaresomewhatdiscontent,butnotsodepressedastobeparalyzed,aremoremotivatedtoimproveboththeirownlot(thusdrivingthemselvestoacquiremoreeducationandseekever-more-challengingjobs)andthelotoftheircommunity(causingthemtoparticipatemoreincivicandpoliticallife).Incontrast,peopleatthetopofthejollinesschartsfeelnosuchurgency.Ifyou'retotallysatisfiedwithyourlifeandwithhowthingsaregoingintheworld,saysDiener,“youdon'tfeelverymotivatedtoworkforchange.Bewarywhenpeopletellyouthatyoushouldbehappier.”SadnessThedrawbacksofconstant,extremehappinessshouldnotbesurprising,sincenegativeemotionsevolvedforareason.Feartipsusofftothepresenceofdanger,forinstance.Sadness,too,seemstobepartofourbiologicalinheritance.Wilsonarguesthatonlybyexperiencingsadnesscanweexperiencethefullnessofthehumancondition.Healsoassertsthat“thehappymanisahollowman,“butheishardlythefirstscholartoseemelancholia(精神忧郁症)asinspiration.AclassicalGreektext,possiblywrittenbyAristotle,asks,“Whyisitthatallthosewhohavebecomeoutstandinginphilosophyorpoliticsorpoetryortheartsareclearlymelancholic?”Wilson’sansweristhatthebluescanbeacatalyst(催化剂)foraspecialkindofgenius,ageniusforexploringdarkboundariesbetweenopposites.“Theever-restless,thechronicallydiscontent,aredissatisfiedwiththestatusquo,beitinartorliteratureorpolitics.Foralltheirfamiliarity,theseargumentsareneverthelessbeingcrushedbythehappinessmovement.LastAugust,thenovelistMaryGordonlamentedtoTheNewYorkTimesthat“amongwriters...whatisabsolutelynotallowableissadness.Peoplewilldoanythingratherthantoacknowledgethattheyaresad.”And,JessDecourcyHinds,anEnglishteacher,recountedhow,afterherfatherdied,friendspressedhertodistractherselffromherprofoundsadnessandsenseofloss.“Whydon'tpeopleacceptthatafteraparent'sdeath,therewillbeyearsofgrief?”shewrote.“Everyonewantsmournersto‘snapoutofit’becauseobservinganother’sdistressisn’teasy.”It'shardtosayexactlywhenordinaryAmericans,nolessthanpsychiatrists(精神病学家)beganinsistingthatsadnessispathological(病态的).Butbytheendofthemillenniumthatattitudewaswellestablished.In1999,ArthurMiller'sDeathofaSalesmanwasrevivedonBroadway50yearsafteritspremiere.Areporteraskedtwopsychiatriststoreadthescript.Theirdiagnosis:WillyLomanwassufferingfromclinicaldepression,apathologicalconditionthatcouldandshouldbetreatedwithdrugs.Millerwasappalled.“Lomanisnotadepressive,”hetol