中国人民解放军后勤工程学院院士博士生导师郑颖人路堑边坡稳定分析1、前言2、用极限平衡法求边坡稳定安全系数的统一求解格式3、边(滑)坡稳定安全系数的分析4、不平衡推力法的稳定安全系数分析5、不平衡推力法中的推力分析1、前言•边坡危害:2002年5月武隆,边坡坍塌死79人1972年6月香港,边坡坍塌死138人•滑坡危害:1963年意大利,瓦依昂水库死2600人1983年中国,东乡县洒勒黄土滑坡死227人•技术不成熟:勘察搞不清,设计凭经验,资金花费大。云南元磨高速公路147公里,30米以上高边坡370余个,修建时已滑177次以上。•边坡分类:一般边坡:土坡、岩石边坡高边坡:土坡(高于15米)岩石边坡(高于30米)•边坡稳定分析方法:有限元单元网格划分边坡体的垂直条分和受力分析下滑力抗滑力sF安全系数有限元法。极限平衡法2用极限平衡法求边坡稳定安全系数的统一求解格式平面滑面——解析解圆弧滑面和任意滑面——条分法(求每一条块体滑面上的下滑力与抗滑力,然后加起来。)若已知整个滑面上下滑力等于抗滑力F=1条件,则问题为静定。超静定问题:未知数多于方程数,都需作假定。常用13种方法。条分法分类:严格条分法—力全部平衡(3个未知数()和二个方程,另一个方程用来求条底法向力N),假设或h非严格条分法—力部分平衡(2个未知数()和一个方程),假设Fh,,F,整体力及力矩平衡方程(包含各种方法的假设条件)条底法向力方程条间力及条间力矩逆推方程安全系数统一求解格式FpEhcTaviwiiiaviitan)(2.1平衡条件(1)考虑所有平衡条件(水平、垂直方向、力矩平衡):HVM:Spencer法(条间力倾角为常数)Morgenstern-Price法(条间力倾角为某一函数)Sarma(Ⅱ)法(界面上剪切强度与界面上强度成比例)itan)(taniixf(a)图2.1边坡体的垂直条分及条块体的几何尺寸和受力分析αi△xi(xb,i-1,yb,i-1)(xw,i-1,yw,i-1)(xbi,ybi)(xwi,ywi)(xti,yti)(xt,i-1,yt,i-1)θiKsWiWiWiQiUiNiSiTi-1Tipw,i-1pwiEi-1Ei(b)(c)Correia法(假设条间力分布)严格Janbu法(假设条间力作用点位置))(itpixfy)(iixfTSarma(Ⅲ)法(界面上剪切强度与滑面上强度成另一函数关系)FpEhcxfTaviwiiiaviiitan)()(iT(2)考虑垂直力方向与力矩平衡(VM法)简化Bishop法(设条间力合力作用方向水平)(3)考虑垂直方向与水平方向力平衡(VH法)简化Janbu法(设条间力合力方向水平)罗厄法(设条间力倾角为底面角与顶面角之和之半)0i00FfF)tan(tan21taniii陆军工程师团法(设条间力方向与坡面平行)不平衡推力法(传递系数法)(条间力方向与底面方向平行)Sarma(Ⅰ)法(界面上剪切力为界面剪切强度)(4)仅考虑求矩中心平衡(M)瑞典法(不考虑条间力)avi1iiFpEhcTaviwiiiaviitan)(ii图2.2算例边坡1算例1:表2.4算例边坡1中土的材料参数土层容重g(kN/m3)粘结力c(kPa)内摩擦角j(°)①15.05.020.0②18.010.025.0表2.5安全系数迭代计算过程编号计算方法迭代次数FsλEn(kN)Mn(kN·m)1瑞典法11.28032简化Bishop法11.476021.495131.496741.49693简化Janbu法11.2803-27.574521.4803106.173331.32163.014941.31750.077651.3174-2.2410e-004表2.5安全系数迭代计算过程4陆军工程师团法11.2803-329.190521.4803-156.174331.6609-43.944641.7315-7.626251.7464-0.442661.7473-0.004771.7473-2.9496e-0065罗厄法11.2803-117.578021.4803-31.527131.5536-4.489441.5658-0.200051.5663-0.001361.5663-3.9641e-0076不平衡推力法(传递系数法)11.2803-82.904921.4803-2.252531.4859-0.235041.4866-7.4705e-004表2.5安全系数迭代计算过程(续)7Sarma法(Ⅰ)11.2803-89.876121.4803-31.789331.58981.316841.58540.004951.5854-1.5175e-0068Spencer法11.28030.1708-110.2594-69.478221.46220.2208-7.7872217.555531.50180.2547-0.6144-1.210741.50330.2552-7.6800e-004-5.5869e-0049Morgenstern-Price法11.28030.1708-79.4333841.769521.47220.220819.6548700.299431.50160.270818.1017378.277441.50190.32082.668754.777051.50190.32950.01270.2477表2.5安全系数迭代计算过程(续)表2.5安全系数迭代计算过程(续)61.50190.32952.7646e-0075.4375e-00610Sarma法(Ⅱ)11.28030.5000-64.62422.4473e+00321.48030.55005.8188219.067231.50320.60009.0001-8.210241.50350.65004.3377-5.912451.50350.69580.0677-0.274561.50350.69651.5617e-005-6.9678e-00511Sarma法(Ⅲ)11.28031.000-89.40302.4652e+00321.48030.9500-9.1200227.781931.50220.9355-0.02771.693041.50230.9359-3.4094e-0061.4254e-00412Correia法11.280395.6067-147.8511-506.431421.471895.5908-18.0105-56.217131.502895.6408-0.00405.993041.503495.69080.29215.979651.503495.74080.22994.705461.503495.79080.16773.430771.503495.84080.10542.156181.503495.89080.0431-2.8299e-0130.881491.503495.9254-3.1997e-012表2.5安全系数迭代计算过程(续)13严格Janbu法11.2803-182.292021.4803-18.592531.503011.811841.4942-5.522251.4970-1.620261.49820.285071.4980-0.013681.4980-1.1140e-004算例2:图2.3算例边坡2土层rd容重g(kN/m3)粘结力c(kPa)内摩擦角j(°)上土层18.8428.4520.0软弱夹层18.840.010.0下土层18.8428.4520.0表2.7安全系数迭代计算过程编号计算方法迭代次数FsλEn(kN)Mn(kN·m)3简化Janbu法11.5000121.487221.3000-30.932231.34063.154741.33680.074651.3367-1.8428e-0044陆军工程师团法11.500040.256021.3000-95.667831.44083.974241.4343-0.183851.43468.0201e-004表2.6算例边坡2中土的材料参数表2.7安全系数迭代计算过程(续)5罗厄法11.500047.724321.3000-63.539731.41423.448341.4075-0.202751.40798.1236e-0046不平衡推力法11.500041.566221.3000-59.280031.41763.000541.4112-0.164551.41156.1657e-0047Sarma法(Ⅰ)11.500082.873821.3000472.254231.5426-6.120441.53960.059351.53974.0721e-0058Spencer法11.50000.182790.87951.5825e+00321.36800.2287-6.2172-202.797231.37080.19860.0044-5.013841.37040.1968-1.8345e-004-0.006551.37040.1968-6.2262e-013-6.2788e-009表2.7安全系数迭代计算过程(续)9Morgenstern-Price法11.50000.182793.37971.0822e+00321.35410.2126-6.8887-22.676431.36630.2337-0.1429-3.758241.36640.23266.5625e-0050.002751.36640.23262.3884e-0119.6463e-01010Sarma法(Ⅱ)11.50000.1827-310.2037-1.3823e+00421.36390.13271.0497-5.265231.36180.1204-0.0052-0.100541.36180.1204-4.7448e-008-1.2752e-00611Sarma法(Ⅲ)11.50000.1827-341.5321-1.4975e+00421.36500.1730-5.7898-274.789031.36160.16580.00260.105741.36160.1658-1.0785e-009-4.4480e-00812Correia法11.500023.5000102.67221.3476e+00321.346823.4500-10.1432-132.839731.359323.4517-0.0806-1.027341.359423.4530-5.3248e-006-6.8045e-00513严格Janbu法不收敛2.3各种算法的比较算例2.01.030.00.0任意滑动面圆弧滑动面④③②①算例边坡图2.42.8算例边坡中土的材料参数土层容重g(kN/m3)粘结力c(kPa)内摩擦角(°)①18.220.032.0②18.025.030.0③18.540.018.0④18.840.028.0表2.9各种极限平衡条分法安全系数的比较计算方法安全系数圆弧滑动面一般滑动面瑞典法1.066简化Bishop法1.278简化Janbu法1.1121.022陆军工程师团法1.3771.059Lowe-Karafiath法1.2901.077Sarma法(Ⅰ)1.3401.229Spencer法1.2931.155Morgenstern-Price法1.3031.119Sarma法(Ⅱ)1.2891.154Sarma法(Ⅲ)1.3031.112Correria法1.2841.119严格Janbu法1.3181.137表2.10各种算法与Spencer法的相差值计算方法算例Ⅰ(圆弧滑动面)Ⅱ(一般滑动面)Ⅲ(圆弧滑动面)Ⅳ(一般滑动面)严格法SpencerSarmar(Ⅱ)Sarmar(Ⅲ)Morgenstern-PriceCorreriaJanbu00.013304-0.06652-0.093130.00665