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1Academicscholarly学术的accomplishmentachievement成就demonstrateshow说明Dedicateddevoted专注的Diverse(different)Johnandhisbrotherhavediverseinterests不同的TheprogramdealswithsubjectsasdiverseaspopmusicandancientGreekdrama多种多样的，多变化的fad[fæd]一时的流行;一时的风尚[C]thelatestfad最新时尚Hisinterestinphotographyisonlyapassingfad.一时的爱好。Validity[væ'liditi]正当;正确;确实Weshouldquestionthevalidityofthosefigures.我们应当查询那些数字的正确性。Foundation[faun'deiʃən]Thefoundationoftheuniversitytookplaceover400yearsago.四百多年前创办。Thatrumorhasnofoundationinfact.那谣传没有事实根据。Thefoundationprovidesmoneyforschools.基金会资助学校。Alldamsneedsoundfoundations.所有的堤坝都需要坚固的地基。forcefulness：['fɔ:sfəlnis]n.坚强;efficiency：[i'fiʃənsi]n.[U]Thesemachineshaveincreasedourworkefficiencymanytimes.效率提高了许多倍。Currency['kə:rənsi]TheJapaneseyenisoneofthestrongercurrenciesintheworld.货币。Theseideashavegainedwidecurrency.这些思想已广泛传播。流通时间,流行时期Humility[hju:'militi]谦卑,谦逊[U]sympathy['simpəθi]Ihavenosympathyforbeggars.我不同情乞丐。Manypeopleareinsympathywithyourviews.许多人赞同你的看法。modesty['mɔdisti].[U]Whatwelikethemostaboutthegreatmanishismodesty.我们最喜欢他的谦虚。Hermodestypreventedherfrommakingherrealfeelingsknowntohim.她由于羞怯未曾向他吐露真情实意。Themodestyoftheirhomebeliestheirgreatwealth.他们简朴的家使人们看不出他们拥有巨额财富。nobility[nəu'biliti].[U]Thenewrichapedthenobility.暴发户们仿效贵族。Hefollowedhisprincipleswithnobility.他高尚地恪守自己的准则。initiative[i'niʃətiv]主动的行动;倡议[C]Charlesisshyanddoesnottaketheinitiativeinmakingacquaintances.首创精神;进取心[U]Hedidnothavetheinitiativetostarthisownbusiness.主动权[theS]Itwasevident（显然）thattheyhadlosttheinitiative.显然他们已丧失了主动权。rationally['ræʃənəli]ad.讲道理地;理性地objectively[əb'dʒektivli]ad.客观地established[is'tæbliʃt]a.已建立的;已确立的;已制定的deception[di'sepʃən]名词n.Theyattemptedtopracticedeceptiononthepublic.他们企图蒙骗公众耳目。（欺诈）Thesedeceptionscostthemdear.这些骗人的把戏使他们付出了很高的代价。seethrough['si:θru:]帮助...渡过(困难等)Wewillseeyouthroughthedifficulty.看穿;识破(谎言)Thepolicemansawthroughhisfalsealibi.伪证。cumulative['kju:mjulətiv]a.渐增的;蓄积的.累计的briefly['bri:fli]ad.简洁地,简短地;简单地说Briefly,Ithinkweshouldaccepttheiroffer.ThePresidentstoppedoffbrieflyinLondononhiswaytoChina在伦敦作短暂停留prominent['prɔminənt]a.Sullyhasaprominentnose.萨利有一个凸出的高鼻子。Asingletreeinafieldisprominent.田野里孤零零的一棵树是很显眼的。Lizzyhadaprominentpartintheplay.丽齐在这个戏里扮演一个重要角色。prominentpeople名人noticeable['nəutisəbl]a.Thereisanoticeablecoolnessinhismanner.表现出一种明显的冷淡。Thetaxcutdidnothaveanynoticeableeffectoneconomicgrowth.减税显著的unsupported[,ʌnsə'pɔ:tid]a.无支持的;无赞助的未经证实的various['vɛəriəs]a.Everyonearrivedlateatthepartyforvariousreasons.由于各种各样的原因Wheatisgrowninvariouspartsofthecountry.全国许多的地方都种小麦。consolidate[kən'sɔli,deit]Thegovernmenthopedtoconsolidatetenstatestoformthreenewones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。Thetroopsconsolidatedtheirposition.部队巩固了阵地。assignment[ə'sainmənt]n.Shegladlyacceptedtheassignment.她高兴地接下任务。TheEnglishassignmentisabookreport.英语课外作业是写一份读书报告。[U]Heisresponsiblefortheassignmentofjobs.他负责分派工作。biological[,baiə'lɔdʒikəl]a.生物的;生物学的biologicalstudies生物学研究abiologicalpreparation生物制剂flexible['fleksəbl]a.Apieceofrubberhoseisflexible.橡皮管可以弯曲的。Weneedaforeignpolicythatismoreflexible.我们需要灵活的外交政策。strenuous['strenjuəs]a.Isswimmingastrenuousexercise?游泳是很费力的运动吗?Hemadestrenuouseffortstoimprovehisreading.奋发的;强烈的,激烈的Ittakesmanyyearsofstrenuoustrainingtobeanoutstandingathlete.紧张的;艰苦的;繁重的master['mɑ:stə]n.Thedograntoitsmaster.那狗向它主人跑去。Theyoungwriterlearnedagreatdealfromtheworksbymastersinliterature.这位青年作家从文学大师的作品中学到了许多东西。a.精通的,熟练的;主要的;总的vt.recreation[,rekri'eiʃən]n.Iregardreadingasaformofrecreation.我把看书当作一种消遣。(身心的)休养estimate['estimeit]vt.vi.nThepoliceestimatedthenumberofdemonstratorsatabout5,000.估计Theexpert'sestimateisthatthepaintingisworth$3,000.专家估计这幅画值三千元。routine[ru:'ti:n]n.Assoonasshelearnstheofficeroutineshewillbeanexcellentassistant.TheMarxbrotherswerefamousfortheircomedyroutine.马克斯兄弟因表演一套喜剧剧目a.aroutinemedicalexaminationSchoollifeisroutine.学校的生活平淡无味。priority[prai'ɔriti]n.Safetyhashighpriorityinfactories.Roadbuildingisatoppriority.筑路是最优先考虑的事。relaxation[,ri:læk'seiʃən]n.Theremustbenorelaxationinourhighstandards.我们坚持高标准,决不容许有些放松。休息;消遣,娱乐contradict[,kɔntrə'dikt]vTheeyewitnesscontradictedearliertestimony.目击者驳斥了早些时提出的证词。Thefactscontradicthistheory.那些事实与他的理论相悖。否认;反驳;发生矛盾characterize['kæriktəraiz]vt.Theauthorcharacterizesthecentralfigureasaweakling.把书中的中心人物描绘成Amisterischaracterizedbygreed.具有...的特征,以...为特征violation[,vaiə'leiʃən]n.violationofsafetyregulationsinafactory违反工厂安全规章violationoftherightoffreespeech对言论自由权侵犯suspicious[səs'piʃəs]a.I'msuspiciousofthegovernment'sintentions.我怀疑政府的意图。Thereweresuspiciouscircumstancesabouthisdeath.关于他的死,有一些值可疑的情况。sack[sæk]开除;解雇fedupShewasfedupwithherdo-nothingsons.对她那些游手好闲的儿子,她已经是忍无可忍了。Iwasfedupwithmyboss'constantcomplaints.我对于老板不停的抱怨,我已经听得烦不胜烦。2acquaintance[ə'kweintəns]名词n.IhavesomeacquaintancewithSpanish.我懂一点西班牙语。(相识,了解)Shehasmanyacquaintancesinthebusinesscommunity.她在商界有不少熟人。Haveanoddingacquaintance泛泛之交Browsethrough浏览depressed[di'prest]形容词a.Shewasdepressedtolearnofherillness.她得知自己患病,心情十分抑郁。adepressedarea萧条的,不景气的;贫困的hostility[hɔs'tiliti]名词n.Wehadnohostilitytowardthenewneighbor.我们对新邻居毫无敌意。Hostilitiesendedwhenthetreatywassigned.条约签订后战争结束了。