自动控制原理虚拟实验系统

《自动控制原理》虚拟实验系统开发ThedevelopmentofvirtuallabsystemforautomaticcontroltheoryI摘要根据《自动控制原理》课程实验教学在高校实验实践中遇到的困难和实验教学改革的需要，本文提出了建立基于LabVIEW的自动控制虚拟实验系统方案。运用虚拟仪器代替传统仪器，既节约实验室建设成本，又可以得到良好的实验效果。另外，该系统可以调动学生积极性，培养创新精神，加强实践动手能力的培养本文首先分析了虚拟仪器的构成、分类与应用，选择图形化软件LabVIEW作为开发环境；其次，提出基于LabVIEW的自动控制原理实验系统的方案，包括系统结构、功能和性能特性以及设计流程和方法，并逐一实现各子实验系统。最后，利用Matlab语言编程进行对比分析，进行正确性验证。关键词：自动控制系统，虚拟仪器，MATLABIIABSTRACTOnthebasisofproblemsencounteredinactualexperimentteachingofAutomaticControlTheoryinuniversitiesandneedofexperimentteachingrevolution,anewkindofautomaticcontroltheoryvirtualexperimentsystembasedonLabVIEWisadvanced.Usingthevirtualinstrumenttoinsteadofthetraditionalinstruments,namely,savingthelaboratoryconstructioncosts,butalsocanbeagoodexperiment.Inparticular,thepracticalabilitytoengagestudentsandcultivateaspiritofinnovationcanbestrengthen.Firstly,theVirtualInstrumentisbrieflyintroducedinthepaper,includingtheform,classificationandtheapplication.ThenthegraphicsmodesoftwareLabVIEWisselectedasdevelopmentenvironment.Secondly,theprojectofexperimentsystemofautomaticcontroltheorybasedontheLabVIEWisgiven;includingsystemstructure,functionandperformancecharacteristicsaswellasthedesignprocessandmethods,thentheexperimentalsubsystemisdesignedonebyone.Finally,MATLABprogrammingisusedforcomparisonandaccuracycertificationKeywords:automaticcontrolsystem,virtualinstrument,MATLABIII目录摘要........................................................................IABSTRACT....................................................................II1绪论......................................................................11.1课题研究的背景..........................................................11.2课题研究的目的与意义....................................................12系统总体方案论证..........................................................22.1本课题的设计任务........................................................22.2方案论证................................................................23设计原理..................................................................43.1一阶系统惯性环节虚拟实验系统设计原理....................................43.1.1一阶惯性环节数学模型的建立..........................................43.1.2MATLAB仿真.........................................................43.2二阶系统的时域特性研究..................................................53.2.1二阶系统数学模型的建立..............................................53.2.2MATLAB仿真.........................................................63.4系统校正.................................................................63.4.1串联超前校正........................................................73.4.2串联滞后校正........................................................83.4.3串联滞后-超前校正...................................................83.5PID控制系统............................................................103.5.1PID控制原理..........................................................103.5.2水箱模型分析..........................................................114程序方案设计.............................................................124.1总体设计...............................................................124.2基于LABVIEW的虚拟实验系统设计.........................................124.3用户管理程序设计.......................................................135《自动控制原理》虚拟实验系统开发.........................................155.1一阶系统惯性环节虚拟实验系统...........................................155.1.1功能描述...........................................................155.1.2设计步骤...........................................................155.2二阶系统的时域特性研究.................................................165.1.1功能描述...........................................................17IV5.1.2设计步骤...........................................................175.3二阶系统稳定性判定.....................................................195.3.1功能描述...........................................................195.3.2设计步骤...........................................................195.3.3MATLAB仿真.........................................................205.4奈氏曲线的绘制及稳定性判断.............................................215.4.1功能描述...........................................................215.4.2设计步骤...........................................................215.5系统根轨迹图绘制........................................................235.5.1功能描述...........................................................235.5.2设计步骤...........................................................235.6增益裕量与相位裕量分析.................................................255.6.1功能描述.............................................................255.6.2设计步骤.............................................................255.7超前校正与滞后校正.....................................................265.7.1功能描述...........................................................265.7.2设计步骤...........................................................275.8采样系统校正虚拟实验系统................................................295.8.1功能描述...........................................................295.8.2设计步骤...........................................................295.8.3MATLAB仿真................................................