语义问题与人工智能模型构造的系统观点

246©[e-mail]SystematicViewtotheBuildingofArtificialIntelligentModelWEIHui(DepartmentofComputerScience,LabofAlgorithmforCognitiveModel,FudanUniversity,Shanghai200433,China)[e-mail]:ThetraditionalAIisbasedonthehypothesisofphysicalsymbolsystem,whichadoptedtheinconsequenceofthelowerorderstructure,andstudiedagents’conceptsstructurewithoutconcernfortheirgrounding,soitseemspossibleforAIthatthesimulationofintelligencecouldbeachievedbyformalism.Butinfacttheformalismhaseithertheoreticorimplementationcrisis,abundantmeaningorsemanticswasabsolutelyrequiredforthepurposeofgettingsignificantorinnovativeresultsthroughsomeinferencealike9732001CB3094019732001CCA0300001-13247intelligentbehavior.ThesemanticproblemthenturnedtobethefocusofallAIapplicationbranches,includingtheacquisitionrepresentationandusageofsemantics.Inordertomakeadeepunderstandingtosemanticproblemandtofindasolutionofit,wemuststudythewholeintelligencearchitectureasacoherentcorrelativeandnoseparablestructure,thesemanticswasonlyasub-systeminit,andbuildtheintelligentmodelwithsystematicview.Thedirectrepresentationofsemantics,whichwasbasedonphysiologicalpsychologyorneuralscience,couldunifythecognitivestructureinaconsistentmethod,thatstructureshouldbeabletointerpretdiverseintelligentbehaviorsintodifferentprocessesofneuralsystemkinetics.Keywords:ArtificialintelligenceCognitivescience12482492250251325220005253(Traditionalsymbolicrepresentation)(Directrepresentation)Can_fly(plane),Can_fly(bird)(neuronconnects)(neuronconnects)(stimulus)(noactivatedneuron)(activatedneuron)1Fig.1Directrepresentation254·{A,B,C,D}A3C·1,B1,33,A1BD·D2C1BD2C13A2{A,B,C,D}·2Fig.2Theconstructionofconnectstructureondigrapy4255:[1],,.[J].199926(9):17-19.[2],.[M].1998:250-255.[3].[R].2000.[4]DavidKirsh.FoundationsofAI:thebigissues[J].ArtificialIntelligence,1991:47,4-10.[5].[J].,1993(2):112-118.[6]MarkHBickhard,LorenTerveen.Foundationalissuesinartificialintelligenceandcognitivescience[J].Amsterdam,Elsevier,1995:11-18.[7].[M].1992:1-17.[8]GazzanigaMS.[M].,.1998:208-230.[9],,,.[M].1994:242-261.[10],,.[M].1992:276-319.[11].[M]//21100.,.,1998:423-429.[12].[M].2.1998:524-551.[13],,.[J].1998,20(3):56-60.[14],,.[M].1986:280-286.[15],.[M]..1999:50-52127-131222-223.1971-