2011专四完形填空词汇语法难题讲解.

2011专四讲解ClozeVocabulary&Grammar32.和感情有关的形容词Emotional情绪化的She’smoreemotionalthaneverduringherpregnancy.Sensational轰动的、耸人听闻的、极好的Herperformancelastnightwas~.Sensitive敏感的、体察入微的He’salways~tootherpeople’sneeds.Sentimental多愁善感的、伤感的I’mtryingnottobe~aboutthepast.36.Careabout关心/担忧=worryaboutChainsmokersdon’t~thedangerofsmoking.Carefor喜欢（口语）Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?（正式、英伦范儿）Doyoucareforsometea?（口语、美范儿）值得注意的是11年专四增加了对口语习惯表达的考察，语法词汇中第52、62亦为此类。38.接受Accept表主观上接受,receive表客观上收到。Take除了基本意义之外，还可以表示对待。在这里是干扰项，但明显没有accept恰当。Don’ttakeitseriously.39.语义线索+搭配题从语篇考察，上句提到有人是计划怀孕，有人是意外怀孕，下句开头：whateverthe___tothebirthofchild，“readiness”在这里其实更适合上文暗示，表示无论他们是否准备好。如答案改为readinessof和reactionto，正确答案应为C。但从搭配来说，对。。的准备只能说thereadinessofsth.综合两方面因素，只有reaction能和to搭配。提示：1.做完形一定要全面考虑，试图找到语义、语法交叉点。不要仅凭一点确定答案。2.如有两个答案符合语义、语法交叉。则选语义上更确切、更具体或更生动的（比如形容词选上义词）44半倒装1as取代though的让步状语匆遽，引起的句子成分提前例句1（表语提前）：Poorasheis,...例句2（表语提前，去掉a）：Babyasheis,...2含有否定意义的词语在句首（否定词有never,not,notonly,little,seldom,hardly,few,nowhere,scarcely,neither,nor,nolonger,notuntil,notonce,innoway,innocase,nosoonerthan,hardlywhen等等）特别注意，innotime的意思是马上，不含否定意思，因此它置句首句子不倒装！！！例句：Notonlywastherenoelectricity,butalsonowater.Neverwillheforgethisfirsttimetotakeaplane.Innotimehepickedupthemoneyandputitinhispocket.3Only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句置句首时例句：OnlythendidIbeginmywork.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformation.4so,neither,nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适合另一人或同一人的另一情况时。例句：Mysisterenjoystravelling.SodoI.Idon'tknowandnordoIcare.5在so/such...that...结构中，so/such放句首时例句：Soproudwashethatheneverlistenedtoanyadvice.Suchakindpersonishethat...6虚拟条件从句省略if时（只有if后面跟should,had,were时可省略if）例句：Shouldyouneedmoreinformation,pleaseletmeknow.HadMarkinvitedmeIwouldhavebeengladtocome.46.Nearly和almost都表示几乎，但需注意：只能用almost的场合(1)修饰no,none,never,any以及由no或any的合成词。例如:Ihavealmostnothingtodotoday.今天我几乎没什么事可做。Thiswordistobefoundinalmostanydictionary.这个词几乎在任何一本词典中都可以查到。(2)修饰表示感觉或心理的动词或形容词。例如:Ialmostthinkyouareright.我还不完全相信你是对的。(3)修饰morethan和too。例如:That'salmosttoomuch.这简直是太过分了。4.只能用nearly的场合(1)被very,not,pretty修饰时。例如:I'mnotnearlyready.我还没有准备好。Iknowprettynearlyallthesecretsofhismarriedlife.我几乎知道他的全部婚姻生活的秘密。注意:notnearly=farfrom,muchlessthan差得远,远远不够。例如:Thereisnotnearlyenoughmoneyforanewcar.买一部新车的钱远远不够。几乎不只能用hardly,不能用nearlynot也不能说almostnot。(2)表示要做什么事但后来没有做或避开不做时。例如:WenearlycalledtoseeyoulastSaturday.我们上周六差点来看你。Immediate不像看起来那么简单。。。1.ADJ立即的;即刻的;即时的Myimmediatereactionwasjustdisgust.2.ADJ-GRADED急迫的;紧急的Reliefagenciessaytheimmediateproblemisnotalackoffood,buttransportation.3.ADJ最接近的;紧接的Hisimmediatesuperior4.ADJ临近的;贴近的toworkintheimmediatevicinityADJ直系的Thepresenceofhisimmediatefamilyisobviouslyhavingacalmingeffectonhim语法与词汇51.let'stalkabouttheno.51question.Indailyspeaking,all4areacceptable.Tochoosethebestones,theyarewhoandthat.IfwehavetochoosethebestONE,Ibelievethatthecorrectansweristhat.Onereasonthatmaysoundlikethebestchoiceisthatitisoftenused.Toavoidthechoicebetweenwhoandwhom,manyspeakerssimplyusethatorwhich.Asbetweenwhoandwhominasentenceinvolvingalinkingverbsuchasisarewaswere,Ibelievewhoisrightbecauseononesideofthelinkingverbisthesubjectandontheothersideisasubjectcomplement.Thecomplementisnottechnicallyanobject,andshouldthereforebeinthesubjectiveform.Inotherwords,forasentencesuchasmyuncleassistedtheman()carriedthetoycar,thewordshouldbewhobecausewhowouldthenbethesubjectofcarry.But,formyuncleassistedtheman()thecarcarried,thewordshouldbewhombecausethemanwouldthenbetheobjectofthesentencecarry.Thereisnosimilarobject-subjectflip-flopforsentenceswithlinkingverbs.Thetwothingsonbothsidesareequal.Tosumup,whoandthatareboththerightanswer,butthatjustSOUNDSLIKEthebetterchoice.总结一下，本题考察定语从句的用法。关系代词在定语从句中做表语时，无论指人还是指物，都只能用that，不用which，且that也可以省略。故选D。再如：Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.中国不是从前的那个国家。Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.玛丽不是过去的那个女孩了。54.反义疑问句1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren'tI.I'mastallasyoursister，aren'tI?2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语。Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?3)陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?)含有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the?/shouldn'the?5)陈述部分有haveto+v.(hadto+v.)，疑问部分常用don't+主语（didn't+主语）。Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?6)陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语。Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?7)陈述部分有hadbetter+v.疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?8)陈述部分有wouldrather+v.，疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?9)陈述部分有You'dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?10)陈述部分有must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。Hemustbeadoctor,isn'the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou?/didn'tyou?Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?11)感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。Whatcolors,aren'tthey?Whatasmell,isn'tit?12)陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。Everythingisready,isn'tit?14）主句谓语是think,believe,expect,suppo