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1综合学术英语教程第二单元词汇学习Reading1积极词汇1.anthropogenic[,ænθrəpə'dʒenɪk]adj.人为的，人类活动产生的Aviationhaslongbeenblamedforitsshareofanthropogenicglobalwarming.2.methane['miːθeɪn;'meθeɪn]n.甲烷；沼气Methaneisoftenregardedasthesecondmostimportantgreenhousegasaftercarbondioxide.3.manure[mə'njʊə(r)]n.肥料；粪肥Pig-breedingnotonlyimprovesthepeople’sdiet;itmakesmoremanureavailable.4.convert[kən'vɜːt]vt.使转变；转换Inordertoconverthearersintolisteners,youneedtoknowwhytheyshouldlistentoyou–andtellthemifnecessary.5.oxygen['ɒksɪdʒ(ə)n]n.氧气，氧Carbondioxideconsistsofcarbonandoxygen.6.demolish[dɪˈmɒlɪʃ]vt.拆除；破坏；毁坏；Sincetheadventofmodernurbanization,peoplehavebeenconfrontedwiththedilemmawhetherornottheyshoulddemolisholdhousesandbuildingsthatseemtohavespoiltthecityscape.词组或短语(含固定和词汇共现型搭配)1.split…upinto分成；使分裂成2.greenhousegas温室气体3.fossilfuels[ˈfɔslfjuəl]化石燃料4.organicmatter[ɔ:ˈgænɪk]有机物质5.ecosystem生态系统生僻词汇1.tundra['tʌndrə]n.苔原；冻原；冻土地带Reading2积极词汇1.crusade[kruː'seɪd]n.改革运动Mycrusadetoinspirewillcontinuewhetherpeoplethinkit’spossibleornot.2.validation[,vælɪ'deɪʃn]n.确认Inthisexample,forclarity,weleftsomeofthevalidationinsidethetestmethod.3.pollutant[pəˈlu:tənt]n.污染物Whiletheatmosphere’sozoneprotectsusfromthesun’srays,ground-levelozoneisapollutant.4.toxin[ˈtɒksɪn]n.毒素，毒质Thishelpsgetridofparasitethatproducesomeofthetoxinsinourbody.5.harness['hɑːnɪs]vt.利用TheKoreanscientists,however,wanttoharnessadifferentkindofpowersource:2soundwaves.6.definitely['defɪnɪtlɪ]adv.清楚地，当然；明确地，肯定地Ithasnotyetdefinitelysettled.7.radiant['reɪdɪənt]adj.光芒四射的Itwouldflywildlywiththestumpsofitsburnedwingstowardsthatradiantportal.8.architect['ɑːkɪtekt]n.建筑师Theycommissionedanarchitecttodesignthenewlibrary.9.document['dɒkjʊmənt]vt.记录；证明；用文件证明Hewroteabookdocumentinghisprisonexperience.10.supercharge[ˌs(j)u:pə'tʃɑ:dʒ]vt.对…增压；增加，促进Thecompanytriesitsbesttosuperchargetheproductivitybyprovidingtheworkerwithsomebenefits.11.far-flung[fɑ:flʌŋ]adj.遥远的；广泛的；广布的ThebookalsodepictsscenesofChinatownsinfar-flungplaceslikeSanFrancisco,NewYorkandLosAngeles,aswellasincountrieslikeMalaysia,Singapore,IndonesiaandVietnam.12.tap[tæp]vt.开发，开采Thereisvastmineralwealthwaitingtobetapped.13.downside['daʊnsaɪd]n.负面，缺点Itsbiggestdownsideisthat,onoccasion,computersfailto“awaken”properlyfromthismode,andyouhavetodoafullrestart.14.hydroelectricity[,haɪdrəʊɪ,lɛk'trɪsəti]n.水电Thechurchisnowanominoussymbolofenergyshortagesinthecountry,whichgetsaround68percentofitspowerfromhydroelectricity,Reutersreported.15.waterwheel['wɔ:təhwi:l]n.水车；水轮Theimpulseoffallingwaterturnsthewaterwheel.16.millstone['mɪlstəʊn]n.磨石AndacertainwomancastapieceofamillstoneuponAbimelech'shead,andalltobreakhisskull.17.variation[ˌve(ə)riˈeɪʃn]n.变化，变动；变异，演变Manytheoriesonpunishmentexist,allofwhicharevariationsonatheme.18.photosynthesis[,fəʊtə(ʊ)'sɪnθɪsɪs]n.光合作用Cropsaregrown,usingthesunlightandcarbondioxideasfoodthroughphotosynthesis.19.biomass['baɪəʊmæs]n.（单位面积或体积内的）生物量Electricitycanbegeneratedbynuclearfission,hydropower,biomass,windandsolarenergy;andcarsandlorriescanrunonelectricityorbiofuels.20.biodegradable[,baɪəʊdɪ'greɪdəbl]adj.生物所能分解的，能进行生物降解的Wehopetomakeallourpackagingbiodegradableorabletoberecycled.词组或短语(含固定和词汇共现型搭配)1.lookinto考察，调查，研究2.beofgreataid对…有很大的帮助3.cutdown减少34.convert…into把…转化为5.solarpanel太阳电池板6.solarcells太阳能电池7.todate至今；迄今为止8.windturbine风力涡轮机9.electricalgenerator发电机10.nationalelectricalgrid全国输电网络，国家电网11.geothermalenergy地热能12.radioactivedecay放射性衰变13.Earth’scrust地壳;地核14.datebackto追溯到；从…开始有15.kineticenergy[kɪˈnetɪk]动能16.poseaproblemto/for造成问题17.aquaticplant[əˈkwætɪk]水生植物18.internalcombustionengine内燃机19.beamazedat惊讶/叹于生僻词汇1.photovoltaic[,fəʊtəʊvɒl'teɪɪk]adj.光电伏打的，光电的2.magma['mægmə]n.岩浆3.ethanol['eθənɒl]n.乙醇，酒精Reading3积极词汇1.minimize[ˈmɪnɪˌmaɪz]vt.使减到最少Ateverystagewetrytominimizewaste.2.contamination[kən,tæmɪ'neɪʃən]n.污染，玷污However,contaminationcanoccuratanypointalongthefoodchain,fromfieldtotable.3.nitrogen['naɪtrədʒən]n.氮Theplantrequiresnitrogeninordertomakeproteins.4.exhaust[ɪg'zɔːst;eg-]n.排气；废气；Suckononecompoundfoundindieselexhaust,andyoumaygetcancer.5.demolition[demə'lɪʃn]n.拆除（等于demolishment）；破坏；毁坏Myfamilyhasbeendisplacedbyurbandemolition.6.reservoir['rezəvwɑ:(r)]n.水库；蓄水池Variouskindsoffisharebeingbredinthereservoir.7.sediment['sedɪmənt]n.沉积；沉淀物Theyalsoprotectwatercoursesandmaintainwaterqualitybyreducingsedimentandfilteringpollutants.8.leach['liːtʃ]v.淋洗；滤取；滤去Muchofthemineralcontenthasbeenleachedoutofthesoilduringtherainyweather.9.irrigation[ˌɪrɪ'ɡeɪʃn]n.灌溉；水利4Riversandlakesprovideuswithwatertransportandirrigation10.cultivation[kʌltɪ'veɪʃn]n.耕作；耕种Theareaisunderbananacultivation.11.habitation[hæbɪ'teɪʃn]n.居住Therecentsurveyfoundthat20percentofprivate-renteddwellingsareunfitforhumanhabitation.12.landfill['lændfɪl]n.垃圾填埋地；垃圾堆Therubbishinmodernlandfillsdoesnotrot.13.deliberate[dɪ'lɪbərət]adj.故意的；深思熟虑的Thiscanhappenforavarietyofreasons,andthesereasonscanbeunintendedaswellasdeliberate.14.pesticide['pestɪsaɪd]n.杀虫剂Thispesticideisdilutedwithwaterandapplieddirectlytothefields.15.deforestation[ˌdi:ˌfɔ:rɪˈsteɪʃn]n.采伐森林；森林开伐Theremightevenbeanagreementtostopdeforestation.16.de