搜索
[2011,浙江卷]第二部分：阅读理解（共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath．That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.SecondsInter,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometerdowntherailwaytracks.Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPSdevice（导航仪）.Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,”shetoldtheBBC.Whoistoblamehere?RickStevenson,whotellsCeely’sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit’snotjustGPSdevices;Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverytingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit’snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignallingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn’tsay.It’saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable.Perhaps,butmaybeit’salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.Orchangingsocialcircumstances.Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesinamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandtheculturewelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.41．WhatdidPaulaCeelythinkwasthecauseofheraccident？A．Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad．B．Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen．C．Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal．D．HerGPSdevicedidn’ttellheraboutthecrossing．42．Thephrase“nearmiss”（Paragraph2）canbestbereplacedby______．A．closehitB．heavylossC．narrowescapeD．bigmistake43．WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A．Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan’tlivewithoutB．DigitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectationC．Digitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobe．D．GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely’saccident．44．Inthewriter’sopinion,Stevenson’sargumentis_______．A．one-sidedB．reasonableC．puzzlingD．well-based45．Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?A．Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts．B．Therelationshipbetweenhumanandtechnology．C．Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse．D．Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems．BBelowisapageadaptedfromanEnglishdictionary.Importantwordstolearn:EssentialImproverAdvancedPump/pʌmp/▶noun[c]DEVICE→1apieceofequipmentwhichisusedtocauseliquid,airorgastomovefromoneplacetoanother:awater/bicycle/fuelpump○aUKpetrol/usgaspumpSHOE→2[USUALLYPLURAL]US(UKcourtshoe)atypeofplainshoewitharaisedHEELandnowayoffasteningittothefootwhichiswornbywomen3[USUALLYPLURAL]atypeoffistshoe,likeaBALLETdancer’sshoe,whichiswornbywomen4[USUALLYPLURAL]UKaflatshoemadeofheavycloth,whichiswornbychildrenfordoingsports▶verbLIOUID/GAS→1[TUSUALLY+ADV/PREP]toforceliquidorgastomovesomewhere:Ourlatestmachinecanpumpahundredgallonsaminute,○Thenewwineispumpedintostoragetanks.○Theheartpumpsbloodthroughthearteries/roundthebody.INFORMATION→2[T]INFORMALtokeepaskingsomeoneforinformation,especiallyinawaythatisnotdirect:Shewaspumpingmefordetailsofthenewproject.▶idiomspumpsb’shandtoSHAKEsomeone’shand(=holdtheirhandandmoveitupanddown,especiallyinordertogreetthem)·pumpironINFORMALtoliftheavyweightsforexercise:Thesedaysbothmenandwomenpumpironfarfitness.▶phrasalverbspumpsthintosthtospendalotofmoneytryingtomakesomethingoperatesuccessfully:Theyhadbeenpumpingmoneyintothebusinessforsomeyearswithoutseeinganyresults.Pumpsthout[M]REMOVE→1toremovewaterorotherliquidfromsomethingusingapump:Wetookturnspumpingouttheboat.PRODUCE→2INFORMALDISAPPROVINGtoproducewordsorloudmusicinawaythatisrepeated,forcefulandcontinuous:Thegovernmentkeepspumpingoutthesameoldpropaganda.○Thecarradiowaspumpingoutmusicwithaheavybeat.PumpoutsthIfsomeone’sstomachispumpedout,apoisonoussubstanceisremovedfromitbybeing-suckedthroughatube:Shehadtogotohospitaltohaveherstomachpumpedout.Pumpsthup[M]INFORMALtomakesomeonefeelmoreconfidentorexcited:Hewasofferingthemadviceandtryingtopumpthemup.○[R]Theplayerswerepumpingthemselvesupbysingingthenationalanthem,beforethegame.Pumpsthup[M]1tofillsomethingwithairusingapump:Haveyoupumpeduptheballoonsyet?○Imustpumpthetyresup