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全国2011年4月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题1全国2011年4月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码:00096一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.Theauthoritiesarewillingtopermitarun-downinthecountry’sinternationalreservesoverthenextfewyearsasmeansofacceleratingtheintroductionofforeigntechnology.()A.speedingupB.speedingonC.speedingoffD.speedingdown2.Another20%workedwell,buttheremaining60%shouldhavebeenscrapped.()A.scratchedB.renovatedC.stimulatedD.introduced3.NowZhangjiagangisChina’sseventhlargestportandatumultuousconstructionzoneofhalf-builtofficebuildingsandhotels.()A.tremendousB.numerousC.noisyD.orderly4.Againstthisdeterioratingglobalbackground,theimprovementineconomicperformanceinafewdevelopingregionsin1991wasespeciallynoteworthy.()A.determinatingB.toleratingC.improvingD.worsening5.BalancedagainstthatcriticismisthepositivereactioninLatinAmericatoMr.Clinton’sembraceofthefree-tradeagreement.()A.hugB.embarrassmentC.acceptanceD.balance6.AsEurope’seconomyhassoured,free-marketideasthatarenewtomuchofEuropefacenewchallenges.()A.increasedB.declinedC.sky-rocketedD.tasted7.Atthesummitmeeting,AmericainsistedthatJapanshouldcomeupwithspecificmeasuresthatwouldenableittomeetnewimporttargets.()A.bringforthB.comeacrossC.putoffD.reachout8.FearfulthatrapidlymodernizingKoreanrivalswillintrudeonitsforeignanddomesticmarkets,JapanhasfoughttokeeptheKoreansfromappropriatingitstechnologies.()A.competitorsB.representativesC.negotiatorsD.dealers9.Internationalconsultantswhowanttosecuredefiniteprojectsatlucrativefeesarefindingitharderandharder.()A.luxuriousB.lubricativeC.penetrativeD.profitable10.Aseparate,long-runningdisputeoveroilseedsdoesstillposeathreat.()A.possessB.presentC.provideD.purchase11.Withbarter,however,debtornationscancontinuetoimportgoodswhile,ineffect,concealingexportearningsfromcreditors.()A.loanersB.borrowersC.ownersD.believers12.However,Coca-ColaandPepsiCostillfaceastruggleinpersuadingbottlersacrossthenationtotaketheproducts.()全国2011年4月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题2A.dissuadingB.persistingC.encouragingD.discouraging13.Tractorsandotheragriculturalmachinesgreatlyfacilitatefarming.()A.communicateB.subsidizeC.gradeD.ease14.Youcanusecreditcardsbutit’sbesttotakesomecurrencyaswell.()A.couponB.moneyC.coinD.dime15.LeadvaluesmoveduptotheirbestlevelsinceAprillastyearintheabsenceofasettlementatAustralia’sbrokenhilllead-zinc-silvermines.()A.withoutB.withC.asD.through二、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）16.exclusivecontract17.preferredstatus18.spotmarket19.BankforInternationalSettlements20.meansofproduction21.punitiveimporttariff22.GDP23.tradereprisal24.fledglingindustries25.countervailingduty三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）26.双边条约27.试销市场28.原材料29.收盘价30.最惠国待遇31.技术转让32.高工资经济33.人均收入34.经济特区35.自由贸易区四、简答题（本大题共6小题，共18分）Passage1TheUSdollarvalueofChineseexportsincreasedatanaveragerateofalmost18percentperannumbetween1978and1983,whileimportsincreasedbyapproximately11percentperannum.Asaresult,thevisibletradesurplusrosesharplyfromUS$1.4billionin1981toUS$4.4billionin1982andUS$3.7billionin1983.ExportsgrewmuchfasterthanimportsduringthisperiodnotonlybecauseofthestrongemphasisplacedonexportingbyChina’seconomicplanners,butalsobecauseanumberofindustrialprojectswerepostponedin1979.OfficialrecognitionthatforeigntechnologycouldplayamajorroleinmodernisingtheChineseeconomyhadcausedimportstorisebymorethan50percentin1978placingunduestrainonthenationaleconomy.Grainimportshavefallensharplyoverthepastfewyears—Chinabecameanetgrainexporterin1984—andin1983thecountrystartedtoexportsoyabeansandcotton.36.Whatdo“perannum”and“approximately”mean?37.Whydidthemorethan50%riseinimportsof1978placeunduestrainonChina’snationaleconomy?38.Whatis“anetgrainexporter”?Doesitmeanonewhohasneverdoneanyimport?全国2011年4月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题3Passage2Korea,onceknownasthe“HermitKingdom”,isplainlyonthemove.Aswith“Japan,Inc.”beforeit,thenewlabel“Korea,Inc.”maybenomorethanatrendybuzzword.ButSouthKoreaaimstoforgejustsuchanationaleconomicmachine,usingthemightofitsestablishedgiantsbackedbycentralizedplannerswhocanmobilizethecountry’sbanksandindustrialinfrastructure.TheheadydreamsofactuallyrivalingJapanmaynevercomewithinreach;Korea’seconomy,whilelargebyAsianstandards,isbarelyone-fifteenththesizeofitsislandneighbor.Anditfacesagantletofotherobstacles,rangingfromanunwieldybureaucracyandavolatilepoliticalclimatetoachronicshortageofinvestmentcapitalandheavycommitmentstomilitaryspending.Still,thecomparisonswithJapan,Inc.aremorethanemptyflattery;infact,theysignalKorea’sgatheringclout.39.Whatisa“HermitKingdom”?40.WhatarethedisadvantagesofKorea’seconomywhencomparedwithJapan’s?41.Whatdoes“gatheringclout”meaninthepassage?五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）Passage1Inordertoproducegoodsandservices,businessesneedtobuytherequiredrawmaterialsandequipment.Manyfirmsneedtoordercomponentsorequipmenttotheirownspecificationswhichwilllaterbeusedtoproduceafinishedproduct.Firmsneedreliablesupplierswhomustbe:Stable.Firmsthatcannotsupplygoodsintimetothepurchasingcompanymaymeandelaysandholdupsforcustomers.Thusthepurchasingcompanyshouldcheckthefinancialb