2011年5月7日北京地区学位英语独家文字版真题与答案

12011年5月7日北京地区学位英语独家文字版真题与答案PartIReadingComprehension（30%）Directions：Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage：Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）。Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear，scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth，addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna，saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH，whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity，butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearlyl980s，withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers.butalargestudybytheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow‘steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism，theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting，buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance，ifany，ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown，theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation，”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden，wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”theywrote.1.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE？A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous.B.Cellphoneusecausescancer.C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphoneB.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain2C.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivityD.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation3.Accordingtothepassage，cellphoneswerelaunched_______.A.inthelate1970sB.between1980and1985B.inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph？A.Brainactivity.B.Herresearchfindings.C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.D.Herresearchprogress.5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage？A.CellPhoneRadiation：IsItHarmful？B.CellPhoneRadiati0n：IsItUseful？C.CellPhoneRadiation：IsItHealthy？D.CellPhoneRadiation：IsItWeak？Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage：6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew：We'vebeendrivingwhile1isteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthel930s.ButthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers，whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（即时通讯）conversations，watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.Butwhat‘stheimpactofthismediaconsumption？Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn，reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother？Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions，buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday‘sfast-pacedworkplace，manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework，playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV，aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.Onthepositiveside，multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodemchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia，theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanykidsleadhighlyscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforold—fashionedsocializingandfamilymeals.Indeed，manyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过重的）schedulesdrivemuchoftheirmultitasking.Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatorstoteachkidsthatit‘svaluable，evenessential，tooccasionallyslowdown，unplugandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.3A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage？B.Howdopeoplese