燃料电池电动客车

:(1963),,,:宋　慧1,胡　骅2(1.,430070;2.,430074):近年来,燃料电池技术和燃料电池电动客车技术的发展,引起了国内外汽车行业的关注,竞相研究和开发了各种燃料电池电动客车。本文介绍有关燃料电池和燃料电池电动客车的发展情况。:燃料电池　燃料电池电动客车　现状　发展趋势Abstract:Recentyears,thetechnicaldevelopmentsoffuelcellsandfuelcellelectrobuseshavebeenfollowedwithinterestinauto-industryathomeandabroad.Variousoneshavebeendeveloped.Thecurrentsituationsofthefuelcellsandfuelcellelectrobusesareintroducedinthispaper.Keywords:Fuelcell,Fuelcellelectrobus,Currentsituation,Developingtendency:U469.72+2:A:1006-3331(2002)01-0003-061,,,()11(kg)(kW)(kW)(kW/t)(km/h)(km)(h)(6700)3500450070801519701003000(6800)75008500901001214801004000(6900)850095001001151114901104000(6100)10000110001201401014901205000(6800)120001350055654.55.545500(6700)5800620025457.58.54050506068(6800)95001050040605.56.55080506068(6900)1050011500801008.59.5709080100610(6100)12000140001001209.510.580100120150610,:(1),(2),(3)(4),040km/h1416s,200km,,,2,,12%15%,,,,(),241BUSTECHNOLOGYANDRESEARCHVol.24No.12002-,----,,,,,:42%45%,34%,38%,150200Wh/kg,,,2.1(1)(2)(AFC)(PAFC)(MCFC)(SOFC)(PEMFC),,,,(3):H2,,,,,22(Wh/kg)280003360024007001230012400570062009350(4):,200C;,200750C;,750C,,,,,PtCO,,Pt,2.2(1)3(2)4(3):150200Wh/kg,300400W/kg(USABC),,,!,,∀,3,,,,80,,(),()3.11a,,424,DC-DC,,ABS,1a1b,,DC-DC,ABS1b3AFCPAFCMCFCSOFCPEMFC(W/kg)35105100220304015203001000(W/cm2)0.50.10.20.312H2H2COHCH2AgCPtNiNi(NiO)Y-ZrO2CPtO2NiPtPdCPtLiSr0.1La0.9MnO3CPt(%)4560356045605060304024(h)10h10hOH-H+CO3-O-(C)50200100220600700750100025105(),,500011000kW2001000kWkWkWkWkW4(kW)GMAllissonGasEngineCorp.PEMFCH225Booz,AllenandHamiltonInc.PAFC50100LosAlamosandUnitedTechnologyCorp.PEMFC25100BallardPowerSystems(BPS)PEMFCH260100SiemensAFCH217.5100CambridgeUniv.AFCH26VolatProjectPEMFCH210PEMFCH21020PAFCH250100PAFCH21:5a-b-1-();2-;3-;4-;5-DC-DC;6-;7-;8-;9-;10-;11-;12-;13-;14-CO13.23.2.1　加拿大(Ballard)90,2,33,,2a-b-1-;2-;3-;413-DC-DC;511-;6-;7-;8-CO;9-;10-;12-31993,(PEMFC),7.9m,35,75km/h,160kmPEMFCH2,1kW/L,105kW275kWP48m,30,80km/h300km,250MPaH2,MARK900,,,,(SOFC)(PEM-FC),53.2.2　美国6200,(MTI)(IFC)(SOFC)(PAFC),(DMFC)(1)1997,NewFlyerIndustries,PEMFC,400km,PEM-FC650V,202kW19985(kW)(V)(A)Nafion(%)(kg)(W/kg)(W/L)MK556182H2117501254050MK5131030333H211550100100100624(2)1998(Nova)(PAFC)12.2m,141kg,1727kg,255285V,100kW,,20%10s3.2.3　德国(1)(Siemens),PEMFC,540mA/cm22000h,80C,100h,2010kW(2)-1997NEBAS,O405,60,12.2m,10000kg,94km/h,400km30MPa7150L,,,1025kW,2820kg720V,40%,60%150kW,NEBAS1997-CITARO,80km/h,300km,720V,75kW,1400kgCITARO,NEBAS:NEBAS,CITARO,,,,(3)(Neoplan)MICN8008FC(Metroliner),4,600L,DeNora3,70,18kW,,150kW,OberstdorfMICN8012,ProtonMo-tor,,20005,PEMFCPEMFC400V,80kW,100kW(4)(Man)NL163BZ,250km,9,1550LSiemensKWU4,400V,120kW,ErlangenPEMFC,,DeNora,2001,41-;2-;3-;4-;5-H2CO;6-4(5)BPS1995BPS95km/h,250km1:7260kW3.2.4　中国5PEMFC,5PEMFC100kW/kg,300W/LCPt--(10-9m),,(kg/kg)PEMFC,1996750WPEMFC,50W750W1.5kW5kWPEMFC,66(PEMFC)(mm)(kg)(V)(A)(mA/cm2)(W)(W/kg)FYD-501212.5143.363.51.52305015FYD-750A242420151262.533675050FYD-750B1919219612567275083FYD-1500191927.514.5121256721500103FYD-500019194928.536139747500017577(PEMFC)2030kW,,1000hH21998.012000.12(MCFC)23kW,0.15W/cm3,100hH21998.012000.12(SOFC)1kW,0.1W/cm3,100hH21998.012000.124:,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,21,,:2001-05-12重要启事2002??20021824