2009年政府工作报告ReportontheWorkoftheGovernment

2009年政府工作报告ReportontheWorkoftheGovernment各位代表：现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。FellowDeputies,OnbehalfoftheStateCouncil,Inowpresenttoyoumyreportontheworkofthegovernmentforyourdeliberationandapproval.IalsosolicitcommentsandsuggestionsonthereportfromthemembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC).一．2008年工作回顾I.ReviewoftheWorkin20082008年是极不平凡的一年。我国经济社会发展经受住了历史罕见的重大挑战和考验。在中国共产党领导下，全国各族人民迎难而上，奋力拼搏，战胜各种艰难险阻，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。Theyear2008wastrulyeventful.Ourcountry’seconomicandsocialdevelopmentwithstoodseverechallengesandteststhatwererarelyseenbefore.UndertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC),thepeopleofallourethnicgroupsfaceddifficultiessquarely,workedwithcourageanddetermination,surmountedalldifficultiesandobstacles,andmadenewachievementsinreform,openingupandsocialistmodernization.——国民经济继续保持平稳较快增长。国内生产总值超过30万亿元，比上年增长9%；物价总水平涨幅得到控制；财政收入6.13万亿元，增长19.5%；粮食连续五年增产，总产量10570亿斤，创历史最高水平。–Thenationaleconomycontinuedtomaintainsteadyandrapidgrowth.GDPtopped30trillionYuan,anincreaseof9%overthepreviousyear.Overallpriceriseswereheldincheck.Governmentrevenuewas6.13trillionYuan,anincreaseof19.5%.Grainoutputroseforthefifthconsecutiveyearandtotaled528.5milliontons,arecordhigh.——改革开放深入推进。财税、金融、价格、行政管理等重点领域和关键环节的改革取得新突破。进出口贸易总额2.56万亿美元，增长17.8%。实际利用外商直接投资924亿美元。–Reformandopeningupwerefurtherdeepened.Newbreakthroughsweremadeinreformsinkeyareasandcruciallinks,suchasthefiscal,taxation,financialandpricingsystemsandadministration.ImportsandexportstotaledUS$2.56trillion,anincreaseof17.8%.Paid-inforeigndirectinvestmentreached$92.4billion.——社会事业加快发展，人民生活进一步改善。城镇新增就业1113万人；城镇居民人均可支配收入15781元，农村居民人均纯收入4761元，实际增长8.4%和8%。–Developmentofsocialprogramswasaccelerated,andthelivingstandardsofthepeoplecontinuedtorise.Atotalof11.13millionmoreurbanresidentsenteredtheworkforce.Urbanpercapitaannualdisposableincomereached15,781Yuan,anincreaseof8.4%inrealterms,andruralpercapitanetincomereached4,761Yuan,upby8%inrealterms.——全面夺取抗击特大自然灾害的重大胜利。成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会。圆满完成神舟七号载人航天飞行。-2-–Greatvictorieswerewoninthefightagainstmassivenaturaldisasters.TheBeijingOlympicsandParalympicswereheldsuccessfully,andtheShenzhouVIImannedspacemissionwasacompletesuccess.这些成就，标志着我国在中国特色社会主义道路上迈出新的坚实步伐，极大地增强了全国各族人民战胜困难的勇气和力量，必将激励我们在新的历史征程上继续奋勇前进。TheseachievementssignifythatwehavetakennewandsolidstepsalongthepathofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.Theyhavegreatlyfortifiedthecourageandstrengthofthepeopleofallourethnicgroupstosurmountdifficultiesandwilldefinitelyencourageustobravelyforgeaheadonthenewhistoricalcourse.一年来，我们做了以下主要工作：Lastyear,weaccomplishedthefollowingimportantwork:（一）及时果断调整宏观经济政策，全力保持经济平稳较快发展1.Makingtimelyandresoluteadjustmentstomacroeconomicpoliciesanddoingeverythingpossibletomaintainsteadyandrapideconomicdevelopment我们正确把握宏观调控的方向、重点、力度和节奏，采取一系列促进经济平稳较快发展的政策措施，在复杂多变的形势下，积极应对国际金融危机的严重冲击，努力增强调控的预见性、针对性和有效性。年中，在国际能源和粮食价格处于高位、世界经济增长放缓的情况下，针对沿海地区出现出口和经济增速下滑苗头，及时把宏观调控的首要任务调整为“保持经济平稳较快发展，控制物价过快上涨”，并采取了一些有针对性的财税金融措施。Wemaintainedtherightdirection,focus,intensityandpaceofmacrocontrol,andadoptedaseriesofpoliciesandmeasurestopromotesteadyandrapideconomicdevelopment.Inacomplexandvolatilesituation,weactivelyrespondedtothesevereimpactoftheglobalfinancialcrisisandworkedhardtomakeourmacrocontrolmoreproactive,targetedandeffective.Inthemiddleoftheyear,whenenergyandgrainpricesontheinternationalmarketwerehigh,worldeconomicgrowthslowed,andexportsfromandeconomicgrowthinChina’scoastalregionsbegantodecline,wepromptlyshiftedthepriorityofmacrocontroltomaintainingsteadyandrapideconomicdevelopmentandcontrollingpricehikes,andadoptedrelevantfiscal,taxationandfinancialmeasures.9月份后，国际经济形势急转直下，对我国的不利影响明显加重，我们又果断地把宏观调控的着力点转到防止经济增速过快下滑上来，实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策。三次提高出口退税率，五次下调金融机构存贷款基准利率，四次下调存款准备金率，暂免储蓄存款利息个人所得税，下调证券交易印花税，降低住房交易税费，加大对中小企业信贷支持。按照出手要快、出拳要重、措施要准、工作要实的要求，迅速推出进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的十项措施，争分夺秒地加以落实；接连出台金融支持经济发展、促进轻纺工业健康发展、促进房地产市场健康发展、搞活流通扩大消费和保持对外贸易稳定增长、稳定就业等政策措施，加快制定重点产业调整振兴规划。InSeptember,theinternationaleconomicsituationstartedtodeterioratesharplyanditsnegativeimpactbecameincreasinglyfeltinChina.Weagainresolutelyshiftedthefocusofmacrocontroltopreventingeconomicgrowthfromslowingdowntooquickly.Weimplementedaproactivefiscalpolicyandamoderatelyeasymonetary-3-policy.Weraisedexportrebateratesthreetimes,loweredthebenchmarkinterestratesonsavingsandloansforfinancialinstitutionsonfiveoccasions,reducedrequiredreserveratiosfourtimes,suspendedtheindividualincometaxoninterestearningsfromsavings,reducedsecuritiestransactionstamptaxrates,cuttaxesandfeesonhousingtransactions,andincreasedcreditsupporttosmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Inaccordancewiththerequirementthatweactfast,beforceful,taketargetedmeasuresandstressimplementation,wepromptlyintroducedtenmeasurestofurtherboostdomesticdemandandpromoteeconomicgrowth,andimplementedthemwithoutdelay.Weadoptedasuccessionofpoliciesandmeasurestoencouragefinancialinstitutionstosupporteconomicdevelopment,promotesounddevelopmentofthetextileandotherlightindustriesandtherealestatemarket,expandconsumptionbyimprovingdistribution,maintainste