2009年职称英语卫生类A级真题及答案

年职称英语卫生类A级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining？AeverlastingBlongCtemporaryDboring2Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.AshakenBdamagedCfallenDjumped3Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.AfaithfulBroyalCgenuineDsincere4Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.AattractionBsimplicityCpowerDrigor5Tenyearsaftertheevent，herdeathstillremainsapuzzle.AmistBfogCmysteryDsecret6Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation.AannoyedBtroubledCthreatenedDaroused7Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated.AborrowedBpurchasedCrewrittenDcopied8Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch.AfastenedBencouragedCraisedDinitiated9Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney.AsomeBlittleCextraDenough10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme.ApatientsBmiraclesCillnessDrecovery第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.CancerDrugTrialsOftenHaltedEarlyAnincreasingnumberofclinicaltrialsfornewcancertreatmentsarebeinghaltedbeforetherisksandbenefitshavebeenfullyevaluated，sayItalianresearchers，whowarnthatthisgrowingtrendcouldputpatientsatriskofharmfromnewtherapiesrushedintouse.Theresearcherslookedat25randomized，controlledclinicaltrialsthatwerestoppedearlybecausethetreatmentshadstartedtoshowbenefittopatients.Whenweanalyzed25trialsovera10-yearperiodbetween1997and2007，wefoundaconsistentincreaseinprematurelystoppedtrials-morethan50percentwerestoppedwithinthelastthreeyears，studyco-authorGiovanniApolonesaidatanewsconferenceTuesday.Of14trialshaltedearlyandpublishedbetween2005and2007，theresearchersfoundthat11（79percent）ofthemwereusedtosupportdrugapprovalapplicationssubmittedtotheEuropeanMedicinesAgencyandtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.Thissuggestsastrongcommercialcomponentinstoppingtrialsprematurely.Infact，thisstrategycouldguaranteequickeraccesstothemarketforcompanies.Ontheotherhand，aquickerclinicaldrugdevelopmentmayleadtoan'immature'benefit/riskbalanceofnewdrugs，Apolonesaid.Heandhiscolleaguesareawarethattrialsstoppedearlybecausetheyareshowingbenefit，findingsobtainedfollowingthisstrategyshouldbeconsideredtobepreliminaryresultsthatrequiresubsequentconfirmation.Itcantakeseveralyearsforthelong-termbenefitsorharmfulsideeffectsofanewtreatmenttobecomeapparent，Apolonenoted，buttheaverageduration（持续时间）ofthe25studiesheandhiscolleaguesanalyzedwas30months，witharangefrom12to64months.Theyalsofoundthatatthetimefiveofthestudieswerestopped，they'denrolledlessthan40percentofthetotalnumberofpatientsplannedforfinalanalysis.Clinicaltrialsneedtostopearlyforsuperiorbenefitwheneverthere'sproofbeyondreasonabledoubtthatthenewtreatmentreallyissuperior.Thatwouldbeanethicalobligation，StuartPocock，aprofessorofmedicalstatisticsattheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicineintheUnitedKingdom，saidatthenewsconference.However，toomanytrialsarestoppedearlyclaimingefficacy（功效）withoutstrongevidencebeingavailable.16ThenumberofprematurelystoppedclinicaltrialshasincreasedrecentlyARightBWrongCNotmentioned17ThetrialswerestoppedearlybecausethetreatmentsprovedtobeofnovalueARightBWrongCNotmentioned18The25trialsinvolvedroughlythesamenumberofparticipantsARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Someofthetrialswereprobablystoppedearlyforcommercialreasons.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20ParticipantsinthetrialswerehappywhentheywerestoppedearlyARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Someofthetrialsweretooshorttoshowtheirlong-termeffectsARightBWrongCNotmentioned22StuartPocockbelievedthatinnocaseshouldclinicaltrialsstopearlyARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Cancer1Cancerisagroupofmanyrelateddiseasesthatbeginincells，thebody'sbasicbuildingblocks.Thebodyismadeupofmanytypesofcells.Normallycellsgrowanddividetoproducemorecellsastheyareneededtokeepthebodyhealthy.Sometimes，thisorderlyprocessgoeswrong.Newcellsformwhenthebodydoesnotneedthem，andoldcellsdonotdiewhentheyshould.Theextracellsformamassoftissuecalledagrowthortumor.Benign（~良性的）tumorsarenotcancer.Theycanoftenberemovedand，inmostcases，theydonotcomeback（恶性的）tumorsarecancer.Cellsinmalignanttumorsareabnormalanddividewithoutcontrolororder.2Scientistshavelearnedthatcanceriscausedbychangesingenesthatnormallycontrolthegrowthanddeathofcells.Certainlifestyleandenvironmentalfactorscan