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广州工程技术职业学院毕业设计课题：纯电动汽车的设计专业：作者：指导老师：1广州工程技术职业学院毕业设计2摘要由于传统汽车的能源和环境问题的日益突出，汽车是现代社会的重要交通工具，为人们提供了便捷、舒适的出行服务，然而传统燃油车辆在使用过程中产生了大量的有害废气，并加剧了对不可再生石油资源的依赖。没有环保就没有汽车业的未来，电动汽车以其清洁和使用可再生能源的优势，使得对于电动汽车的研究、商业化和产业化处于日渐重要的地位。动力驱动系统作为电动汽车的重要系统，它的传动效率对于电动汽车的能耗经济性有着重要的影响。内燃机的发展，到今天已经相当成熟，这意味着它有一套成熟的系统、标准和工艺。对中国的汽车工业而言，门槛很高。从经济角度讲，国内汽车企业对于中、高端的传统汽车技术，与其投巨资研发不如直接购买，但也就难以摆脱永远跟在人家后面跑的局面。业内人士指出，要从根本上解决中国汽车工业崛起的问题，强力推动电动汽车发展是一条不得不走的出路。其理由是，相对于发达国家汽车工业，中国目前的劣势——传统内燃机技术基础的薄弱，反而会成为优势，因为这意味着中国的历史包袱比他们更轻。此外，我国在内燃机汽车技术上距国际先进水平有近20年的差距，但在电动汽车方面则全然不同，差距仅有5年，在某些技术上甚至还具有局部优势。试想，当国内的国民使用车制造专家们：奇瑞、吉利、比亚迪、长安、哈飞、夏利等汽车制造厂都开始批量生产电动汽车的时候，价格便宜、使用成本低、家用插座就可以充电、而且环保的电动汽车，必将满大街都是，中国汽车跑遍全世界的梦想也会因此实现。而汽车也不再是奢侈品，而是老百姓都买得起、用得起的家用电器。本文基于在对传统汽车改造成的纯电动汽车的基础上分析了其传动系统的效率问题。关键词：电动汽车、能耗利用率、电机、应用。广州工程技术职业学院毕业设计3AbstractMotorvehiclesasaresultofthetraditionalenergyandenvironmentalissuesbecomeincreasinglyprominent,andcarsareanimportantmeansoftransportinmodernsociety,providingaconvenientandcomfortabletravelservices,vehiclefuel,howeverthetraditionalprocessintheuseofalargeamountofharmfulemissions,andaggravatedofnon-renewableresources,dependenceonoil.Eco-carindustry,therewouldbenofutureforelectricvehicleswithitscleanandusetheadvantagesofrenewableenergysources,makingelectricvehiclesforresearch,commercializationandindustrializationisincreasinglyimportantrole.Drivesystemsforelectricvehiclesasanimportantsystemforthetransmissionefficiencyoftheenergyconsumptionofelectricvehicleshaveanimportanteconomicimpact.Thedevelopmentofinternalcombustionengines,andtodayisalreadyquitemature,whichmeansthatithasamaturesystem,standardsandprocesses.China'sautomobileindustry,thehighthreshold.Fromaneconomicperspective,thedomesticautomobileenterprisesinthetraditionalhigh-endautomotivetechnology,withitshugeR&Dinvestmentasadirectpurchase,butitisalwaysdifficulttoshakeofftheothersbehindwiththesituation.TheindustryhavepointedoutthatinordertofundamentallysolvetheproblemoftheriseofChina'sautomobileindustry,astrongpromotionofthedevelopmentofelectricvehiclesisawayouthadtogo.Thereasonisthattheautomobileindustryvis-à-visdevelopedcountries,China'scurrentweaknesses-basedontraditionalinternalcombustionenginetechnologyisweak,itwillbeadvantage,becauseitmeansthatChina'shistoricalburdenlighterthantheyare.Inaddition,theinternalcombustionengineofourcarfromtheinternationaladvancedtechnicallevelofthegapoverthepast20years,butelectricvehiclesinacompletelydifferentside,thegapisonly5years,eveninsometechnologyalsohasthelocaladvantage.Justimagine,whenthedomesticcarmanufacturerstousethenationalexperts:Chery,Geely,BYD,Chang'an,Hafei,Xiali,suchasautomobilefactorystartedmassproductionofelectricvehicles,thepricescheap,theuseoflowcostoutletforHomecancharge,andenvironmentally-friendlyelectricvehicleswillbefilled,theChinesecartraveledallovertheworldwillalsoachievethedream.Thecarisnolongeraluxury,butordinarypeoplecanafford,affordablehouseholdappliances.Inthispaper,basedonthetraditionalvehicletransformedintoapureelectricvehiclebasedonananalysisoftheefficiencyofitstransmissionsystem.Keywords:electricvehicles,energyutilization,electrical,application.广州工程技术职业学院毕业设计4目录第一章：绪论...........................................................................................................................................................................51.1：引言..........................................................................................................................................................................51.2：电动汽车发展的必要性..........................................................................................................................................61.3：电动车基本结构：..................................................................................................................................................61.4：电动汽车的效益....................................................................................................................................................101.5、电动汽车的前景....................................................................................................................................................101.6、电动汽车的经济性................................................................................................................................................11第二章：改装.........................................................................................................................................................................132.1：能耗经济性的评价...............................................................................................................................................132.2：能耗利用率...........................................................................................................................................................132.3：能耗利用率的改善...............................................................................................................................................152.4：蓄电池组与电机的匹配.......................................................................................