2010年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试题八

听力课堂,开放式外语学习平台！TingClass.com声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。-1-2010年12月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案(3)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:OnlineEducation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.目前网络教育形成热潮2.我认为形成这股热潮的原因是……3.我对网络教育的评价OnlineEducationPartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.TheWorldinaGlass:SixDrinksThatChangedHistoryTomStandageurgesdrinkerstosavorthehistoryoftheirfavoritebeveragesalongwiththetaste.TheauthorofAHistoryoftheWorldin6Glasses(Walker&Company,June2005),StandagelaudsthelibationsthathavehelpedshapeourworldfromtheStoneAgetothepresentday.Theimportantdrinksarestilldrinksthatweenjoytoday,saidStandage,atechnologyeditorattheLondon-basedmagazinetheEconomist.Theyarerelics(纪念物)ofdifferenthistoricalperiodsstillfoundinourkitchens.听力课堂,开放式外语学习平台！TingClass.com声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。-2-Takethesix-pack,whosecontentsfirstfizzedatthedawnofcivilization.BeerTheancientSumerians,whobuiltadvancedcity-statesintheareaofpresent-daylraq,beganfermenting(发酵)beerfrombarleyatleast6,000yearsago.Whenpeoplestartedagriculturethefirstcropstheyproducedwerebarleyorwheat.Youconsumethosecropsasbreadandasbeer,Standagenoted.It’sthedrinkassociatedwiththedawnofcivilization.It’sassimpleasthat.Beerwaspopularwiththemassesfromthebeginning.Beerwouldhavebeensomethingthatacommonpersoncouldhavehadinthehouseandmadewhenevertheywanted,saidLindaBisson,amicrobiologistattheDepartmentofViticultureandEnologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.Theguyswhobuiltthepyramidswerepaidinbeerandbread,Standageadded.ItwasthedefiningdrinkofEgyptandMesopotamia.Everybodydrankit.Todayit’sthedrinkoftheworkingman,anditwasthenaswell.WineWinemaybeasoldorolderthanbeer—thoughnoonecanbecertain.Paleolithichumansprobablysampledthefirstwineasthejuiceofnaturallyfermentedwildgrapes.Butproducingandstoringwineproveddifficultforearlycultures.Tomakewineyouhavetohavefreshgrapes,saidBisson,theUCDavismicrobiologist.forbeeryoucanjuststoregrainandaddwatertoprocessitatanytime.Makingwinealsodemandedpotterythatcouldpreservethepreciousliquid.Winemaybeeasiertomake[thanbeer],butit’shardertostore,Bissonadded.Formostancientculturesitwouldhavebeenhardtocatch[fermentinggrapejuice]aswineonitswayto[becoming]vinegar.Suchcaveatsandtheexpenseofproducingwinehelpedthebeveragequicklygainmorecachet(威望)thanbeer.Winewasoriginallyassociatedwithsocialelitesandreligiousactivities.Winesnobberymaybenearlyasoldaswineitself.GreeksandRomansproducedmanygradesofwineforvarioussocialclasses.Thequestforqualitybecameaneconomicengineandlaterdroveculturalexpansion.听力课堂,开放式外语学习平台！TingClass.com声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。-3-Onceyouhadregions[likeGreeceandRome]thatcoulddistinguishthemselvesasmakinggoodstuff,itgavethemaneconomicboost,Bissonsaid.Beerjustwasn’tasspecial.SpiritsHardliquor,particularlybrandyandrum,placated(安抚)sailorsduringthelongseavoyagesoftheAgeofExploration,whenEuropeanpowerspliedtheseasduringthe15th,16th,andearly17thcenturies.RumplayedacrucialpartofthetriangulartradebetweenBritain,Africa,andtheNorthAmericancoloniesthatoncedominatedtheAtlanticeconomy.StandagealsosuggeststhatrummayhavebeenmoreresponsiblethanteafortheindependencemovementinBritain’sAmericancolonies.DistillingmolassesforrumwasveryimportanttotheNewEnglandeconomy,heexplained.WhentheBritishtriedtotaxmolassesitstruckattheheartoftheeconomy.Theideaof’notaxationwithoutrepresentation’originatedwithmolassesandsugar.Onlyattheenddiditrefertotea.GreatBritain’slongtimesuperiorityatseamayalsooweadebttoitsnavy’sdrinkofrum-basedchoice,grog(掺水烈酒),whichwasmadeacompulsorybeverageforsailorsinthelate18thcentury.Theywouldmakegrogwithrum,water,andlemonorlimejuice,Standagesaid.Thisimprovedthetastebutalsoreducedillnessandscurvy.Fleetphysiciansthoughtthatthishaddoubledtheefficiencyofthefleet.CoffeeThestoryofmoderncoffeestartsintheArabianPeninsula,whereroastedbeanswerefirstbrewedaroundA.D.1000.Sometimearoundthe15thcentury,coffeespreadthroughouttheArabworld.IntheArabworld,coffeeroseasanalternativetoalcohol,andcoffeehousesasalternativestotaverns(酒馆)—bothofwhicharebannedbyIslam,Standagesaid.WhencoffeearrivedinEuropeitwassimilarlyhailedasananti-alcoholthatwasquitewelcomeduringtheAgeofReasoninthe18thcentury.JustatthepointwhentheEnlightenmentisgettinggoing,here’sadrinkthatsharpensthemind,Standagesaid.Thecoffeehouseistheperfectvenue(聚会地点)togettogetherandexchangeideasandinformation.TheFrenchRevolutionstartedinacoffeehouse.听力课堂,开放式外语学习平台！TingClass.com声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。-4-Coffeealsofuelledcommerceandhadstronglinkstotheritualsofbusinessthatremaintothepresentd