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2010年12月英语六级听力原文--SectionCPsychologistsarefindingthathopeplaysasurprisinglyvitalroleingivingpeopleameasurableadvantageinroundsasdiverseasacademicachievement,bearingupintoughjobs,andcopingwithtragicillness.And,bycontrast,thelossofhope,isturningouttobeastrongersignthatapersonmaycommitsuicidethanotherfactorslongthoughttobemorelikelyrisks.‘Hopehasprovenapowerfulpredictorofoutcomeineverystudywe'vedonesofar,’saidDoctorCharlesR.Snyder,apsychologist,whohasdevisedascaletoassesshowmuchhopeapersonhas.Forexample,inresearchwith3920collegestudents,DoctorSnyderandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthelevelofhopeamongfreshmenatthebeginningoftheirfirstsemesterwasamoreaccuratepredictoroftheircollegegrades,thanweretheirSATscoresortheirgradepointaveragesinhighschool,thetwomeasuresmostcommonlyusedtopredictcollegeperformance.‘Studentswithhighhopesetthemselveshighergoalsandknowhowtoworktoattainthem,’DoctorSnydersaid.‘Whenyoucomparestudentsofequivalentintelligenceandpastacademicachievements,whatsetsthemapartishope.’Indevisingawaytoassesshopescientifically,DoctorSnyderwentbeyondthesimplenotionthathopeismerelythesensethateverythingwillturnoutallright.‘Thatnotionisnotconcreteenoughanditblurstwokeycomponentsofhope,’DoctorSnydersaid,‘Havinghopemeansbelievingyouhaveboththewillandthewaytoaccomplishyourgoals,whatevertheymaybe.’2010年12月英语六级听力考试试题SectionA短对话（11~18）11W:Thisisoneofourbestandleastexpensivetwo-bedroomlistings.It’slocatedinaquietbuildingandit’sclosetobuslines.M:Thatmaybetrue.Butlookatit,it’sawful,thepainthaspeeledoffandcarpetiswornandthestoveisancient.Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?12M:Thepictureswetookatthebotanicalgardenshouldbereadytomorrow.W:Ican’twaittoseethem,I’mwonderingiftheshotsItookareasgoodasIthought.Q:Whatisthewomaneagertoknow?13W:Thehandleofthesuitcaseisbroken.CanyouhaveitfixedbynextTuesday?M:Letmesee,Ineedtofindahandlethatmatchesbutthatshouldn’ttaketoolong.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?14M:ThistrucklookslikewhatIneedbutI’mworriedaboutmaintenance.Forusit’llhavetooperateforlongperiodsoftimeinverycoldtemperatures.W:Wehaveseveralmodelsthatareespeciallyadaptiveforextremeconditions.Wouldyouliketoseethem?Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?15M:Ithinkyourbosswouldbeveryupsetwhenhegetsyourletterofresignation.W:Thatmaybeso.Butintheletter,IjusttoldhimfranklyIcouldnolongerlivewithhispoormanagementandstupiddecisions.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?16WI’dliketoexchangetheshirt.I’velearnedthatthepersonboughtitforallergictowool.MMaybewecanfindsomethingincottonorsilk.Pleasecomethisway.Q；Whatdoesthewomenwanttodo？17M:Excuseme,Miss？Didanyonehappentoturninanewhandbag?Youknow,it’sabirthdaygiftformywife.W:Letmesee.Oh,we’vegotquitealotofwomen’sbagshere.Canyougivememoredetailedinformation,suchasthecolor,thesizeandthetrademark?Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?18MWhatareyougoingtodowiththeoldhouseyouareinheritagefromyourgrandfather?WIonceintendedtosellit,butnow,I’mthinkingofturningitintoaguesthouse,becauseit'sstillasolidstructure.Q:Whatdoesthemanplantodowithhisoldhouse?长对话（19~25）W:Whenyouwriteanovel,doyouknowwhereyou’regoing,Dr.James?M:Yes,youmust,really,ifyou’rewritingtheclassicaldetectivestory,becauseitmustbesocarefullyplottedandsocarefullyclued.Ihaveschemes.Ihavecharts.Ihavediagrams.Itdoesn’tmeantosaythatIalwaysgetitright,butIdoplanbeforeIbeginwriting.Butwhatissofascinatingishowabookchangesduringtheprocessofwriting.Itseemstomethatcreativewritingisaprocessofrevelation,really,ratherthanofcreativityintheordinarysense.W:Whenyou’replanningthebasicstructure,doyouliketogoawaytobesurethatyou’rebyyourself?M:Ineedtobebymyselfcertainly,absolutely.Ican’tevenbareanybodyelseinthehouse.Idon’tmindmuchwhereIamaslongasI’vegotenoughspacetowrite,butIneedtobecompletelyalone.W:Isthatveryimportanttoyou?M:Oh,yes.I’veneverbeenlonelyinallmylife.W:Howextraordinary!Never?M:No,never.W:You’reverylucky.Someoneoncesaidthatthere’sabitoficeattheheartofeverywriter.M:Yes.Ithinkthisistrue.Thewritercanstandasidefromexperienceandlookatit,watchithappening.Thereisthis‘detachment’andIrealizethatthereareobviouslyexperienceswhichwouldoverwhelmeveryone.Butveryoften,awritercanappeartostandaside,andthisdetachmentmakespeoplefeelthere’sabitoficeintheheart.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.Whatisthekeytowriteagoodclassicaldetectivestoryaccordingtotheman?20.Whatdoesthemanmainlyneedwhenworkingonabook?21.Whatdoesthemansayaboutwriters?W:Thereisanelementthereaboutcompetitionthen,isn’tthere?BecauseBritishrailwaysareanationalizedindustry.There’sonlyonerailwaysysteminthecountry.Ifyoudon’tlikeaparticularkindofbigbeans,youcangoandbuyanother.Butifyoudon'tlikeaparticularrailway,youcan’tgoanduseanother.M:Somepeoplewhowritetomesaythis.Theysaythatifyoudidn’thavemonopoly,youwouldn’tbeabletodothethingsyoudo.Well,Idon’tthinkwedoanythingdeliberatelytoupsetourcustomers.Wehaveparticularproblems.Since1946,whentheTransportActcamein,wewerenationalized.W:Doyouthinkthat’sagoodthing?Hasitbeenagoodthingfortherailways,doyouthink,tobenationalized?M:OhIthinkso,yes.Becauseingeneral,modes