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《中国电子商务》期刊简介一、期刊名称《中国电子商务》二、刊号国内标准刊号：CN11-4440/F国际标准连续出版物号：ISSN1009-4067三、主管单位国家工业与信息化部四、主办单位中国电子企业协会五、办刊宗旨《中国电子商务》以传播信息化理念、报道经济前沿、倡导信息创新、促进经济发展为办刊宗旨，大力普及电子商务知识，弘扬科学精神，传播科学思想，倡导科学方法。六、刊登内容《中国电子商务》是广大经济和信息化领域的管理人员、科教工作者、高校师生、信息化技术人员发布学术文章的重要理论阵地，是获取精神陶冶、知识滋养和科技经济信息的重要渠道。本刊主要刊登我国当前信息化有关的科技、经济、教育、管理等方面具有一定学术和应用价值的学术文献和反映各学科、各领域的新成果、新技术、新工艺、新产品等方面的论述文章。七、主要栏目1.经济管理研究：国际经贸、物流论坛、商业研究、物流平台、供应链管理、资本运营、区域经济、投资分析、产业经济、网络营销、企业管理、经营管理、营销策略、品牌战略、市场调研、人力资源、企业文化、财务审计、财经论坛、学术研究、管理科学。2.信息化研究：信息技术与安全、通讯技术、网络技术、自动识别技术与应用、电子商务、支付与结算、供应链管理、数据库与数据库管理、案例分析。3.科技研究：科技项目、科技政策、科技成果、科学普及、技术市场、科技新品、实用科技、科学实践等、机电一体化、电气自动化。4.教育教学研究：教学研究、教育生活、课程与教学、教育信息化、职教时空、教学园地、信息化教学等。5.工程技术研究：建筑工程、生物工程、医学工程、环境科学、矿业工程、市政建设、水利工程、交通工程等。八、读者对象经济领域和信息化领域的管理人员、科技企业科研开发人员、高等院校师生、信息化技术科研人员，社会各界关注经济发展和信息化发展的各界人士。联系方式TEL：010-63309185Email:zgdzshangwu@126.comSomeofthematerialpresentedinthisarticlewasexcerptedwithpermissionfromTheDataModelResourceBook:ALibraryofLogicalDataModelsandDataWarehouseDesignspublishedbyJohnWileyandSonsandauthoredbyLenSilverston,W.H.InmonandKentGraziano.TheConceptTheageofthedatamodelerasartisanispassing.Organizationscannolongeraffordthelaborortimerequiredforhandcraftingdatamodelsfromscratch.Inresponsetotheseconstraints,theageofthedatamodelerasengineerisdawning.Engineersbuildnewproductsusingprovencomponentsandmaterials.Indatamodeling,theanaloguetoacomponentisauniversaldatamodel.Auniversaldatamodelisagenericortemplatedatamodelthatcanbeusedasabuildingblocktojump-startdevelopmentofthecorporatedatamodel,logicaldatamodelordatawarehousedatamodel.Resistancetotheuseofuniversaldatamodelsisusuallybasedonthebeliefthataparticularorganizationhasuniqueneedsorthedreadednotinventedheresyndrome.Thisarticledescribestheapplicationofuniversaldatamodelstoseveraldisparateorganizations.Itdemonstratesthatthesamebasicmodels,withminorcustomization,canbesuccessfullyappliedineachexample.OneSizeFitsAll?Thebeliefthataparticularorganizationisuniquebecauseofitsmissions,goals,policies,values,functions,processesandrulescanbeverystrong.Afterall,somebusinessesselltopeopleandothersselltootherorganizations.Somedealwithproductsandothersdealwithservices.Eachindustryhasitsownsetofbusinessissues,andeachorganizationwithinanindustryvariesasmuchasthedifferencesbetweenthepersonalitiesofvariousindividuals.PeopleandOrganizationsAsubjectdataareathatiscommontomostenterprisesinvolvesthepeopleandorganizationsthatarepartofconductingbusiness.Thereisanimportantneedtotrackthenames,addresses,contactnumbersandvariousrelationshipsandinteractionsbetweenthepartiesconductingbusiness.Enterprisesneedtotrackinformationaboutcustomers,distributors,agentsandsuppliersaswellastheinternalorganizationsandpeoplewithintheenterprise.Thistypeofinformationiscriticalthroughoutallaspectsofbusinessincludingsales,marketing,customerservice,purchasing,shipping,invoicing,budgeting,accountingandhumanresources.Enterprisesspendsignificanteffortandtimedefiningthemosteffectivewaystomodelthistypeofinformation.Thedatamodelmayleadtosub-optimalsolutionsifcarefulanalysisisnotconducted.Forexample,manydatamodelsdepictseparateentitiesforeachtypeofpartythatexistsinanenterprise.TheremaybeentitiesforCUSTOMER,SUPPLIER,INTERNALORGANIZATION,BROKER,EMPLOYEE,INVESTORandanyotherrolethatapersonororganizationmayplayintheenterprise.Thereareproblemswithmodelingtheinformationthisway.Whatifapersonororganizationplaysmorethanoneroleintheorganization?Forinstance,whatifanorganizationsuppliesproductsand/orservicestoourorganizationandalsobuysproductsfromus?Doesthismeanthatwemaintaintheirname,addresses,contactnumbersandotherorganizationalinformationinboththeCUSTOMERandSUPPLIERentities?Underthisscenario,ifanameoraddresschanges,theinformationneedstobechangedintwoplaces.Furthermore,doestheorganizationplayotherrolessuchasanagentofthecompanyoradistributorofproducts?Eachtimeanorganization'sroleismodeledasaseparateentity,thereisapotentialforredundantandinconsistentinformation.Thesameargumentappliestopeople.ShouldwehaveaseparateEMPLOYEEentityaswellasaCONTRACTORentity?Whatifacontractorbecomesanemployeeoftheenterpriseorviceversa?Theperson'sname,demographicsandcontactinformationmaystillbethesame.Theonlythingthathaschangedisthenatureoftherelationshipbetweentheparties.Itonlymakessensetorefertopre-definedtemplatesoruniversaldatamodelswhenmodelingcommondatastructures.Universaldatamodelscanpointoutthemosteffectivemeanstomaintainthisinformationandassurethatsubtle,yetimportant,dataintegrityissuesarenotoverlooked.PeopleandOrganizationInformationFigures1,2,3and4depictuniversaldatamodelsforthepeopleandorganizationsinvolvedinconductingbusiness.Thesedatamodelsincludeinformationconcerningtherelationshipsbetweeneachpersonandorganizationaswellastheirassociatedcontactinformation.Beforebeginningourdiscussionofthesemodels,let'sclarifysomedatamodelingconventions.Entitiesarerepresentedusingrounded-edgerectangularboxes.Sub-typesarerepresentedbyshowingboxeswithinthelargerbox.Forexample,inFigure1,ORGANIZATIONandPERSONarebothrepresentedassub-typesofPARTY.Thelinesbetweenentitiesdefinerelatio