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1Unit1技能训练预测文章的主要内容在解答阅读理解题时，预测是一项非常基础、但也是一项非常重要的技能。在正式开始阅读前，正确客观地预测文章的主要内容对于理解文章大意、掌握文章结构发挥着重要的作用。那么，到底怎样预测才能做到客观正确呢？现在，我们从下面的例题中来体会如何正确客观地预测文章的主要内容。【例题】扫读下面两篇短文，预测各短文的主要内容，并指出预测的依据。Passage1TheDoctor’sAdviceOnceanoldmanwenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorlookedhimovercarefullyandsaid,“Medicinewon’thelpyou.Youmusthaveagoodrest,gotobedearly,drinkmilk,walkalot,andsmokeonecigar(雪茄)aday.Youcanalsostayinthecountrysideforamonth.”Afteramonth,themancametoseethedoctoragain.“Howareyoufeelingnow?”saidthedoctor.“I’mgladtoseeyouagain.Youlookmuchyoungernow.”“Oh,doctor!Ifeelquitewellnow,”saidtheman.“Ihadagoodrest.Iwenttobedearly,drankalotofmilkandwalkedalot.Youradvicecertainlyhelpedmealot,butyoutoldmetosmokeonecigaradayandthatalmostkilledmefirst.”该文段的主要内容：__________________________________________[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]预测的依据：________________________________________________Passage2ThebestwayoflearningEnglishisspeakinginEnglishasmuchaspossible.However,sometimesyou’llgetyourwordsmixedup(混合)andpeoplewon’tunderstandyou.Sometimespeoplewillsaythingstooquicklyandyoucouldn’tunderstandthem.Butifyouhaveasenseofhumor(幽默感),youcanalwayshaveagoodlaughatthemistakes.It’sbetterforpeopletolaughatyourmistakesthantobeangrywithyou,becausetheydon’tunderstandwhatyouaresaying.ThemostimportantthingforlearningEnglish—don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakesbecauseeveryonemakesmistakes.该文段的主要内容：__________________________________________预测的依据：________________________________________________【解题步骤指导】2第一步：观察文章是否有能够反映出文章主要内容的标题及小标题；第二步：观察文章中是否有能够反映出文章体裁的明显的标志；第三步：扫读文章中是否有帮助预测文章的关键词或关键句。【解题过程详解】[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]1.Passage1包含有标题“TheDoctor’sAdvice”，说明该文章的内容与医生的建议有关；文中有多处双引号引出二人(doctor和theman)的对话，说明这应该是一个小故事。因此，我们可预测该文章的主要内容——关于一个医生给病人建议的小故事。预测的依据——文章的标题和文中的引号及关键词“doctor”和“theman”。2.Passage2中没有标题，但是在扫读的过程中，我们会反复遇到关键词“learn,English,make,mistake”，故我们可预测这篇文章的主要内容——关于学习英语以及在学习的过程中犯错误的状况。最后，根据文章的首句和末句可知，我们的预测是正确的。练一练扫读下面的短文，预测短文的主要内容，并指出预测的依据。ShoppingattheSupermarketWegoshoppingalmosteveryday.Wehavemanychoicesofplacestobuythings.Thesupermarketistherightplaceforus.Herearesomeadvantagesofbuyingthingsatthesupermarket.1.Wecanbuythingsatthesupermarketatalowprice.Butwewouldratherpaymuchmoreinthebigstoretobuythesamegoods.2.Wecandecidewhattobuyallbyourselvesatthesupermarket.Andwewon’thavetroublesfromtheshopassistantsatthebigstore.3.Therearemorechoicesofgoodstobuyatthesupermarket.Wecanbuymanythingsforaweek’suseatatime.Itsavesusmuchtime.Inaword,itisbettertobuythingsatasupermarket.该文段的主要内容：__________________________________________预测的依据：________________________________________________[来源:学科网][来源:学科网]写作进阶GradedWriting段落的构成(一)：统一性段落的写作包含两项基本原则，即统一性和连贯性。只有正确地运用了这两项基本原则，才能保证写出的3段落结构正确、层次清晰、中心思想明确。统一性原则是指在一个段落中只能表达一个中心思想,即在内容上要统一。如果一个段落中包含有偏离主题或是与主题无直接联系的细节描述,那么这个段落就缺乏统一性。本期,我们将学习在写作中如何正确运用统一性原则。请阅读下面两段学生的习作，判断并分析该段落是否具备统一性。Passage1MeiTingandIaregoodfriends,butwearedifferentinmanyways.Sheismoreoutgoing,andshelikessportsverymuch.ButI’mveryquiet,andIlikepainting.Sheismuchtallerthanme.Iamheavierthanher.Sheismoreathleticthanme,butI’msmarterthanher.Passage2Iamsorrytohearthatyouarenotfeelingwell.Ithinkyoushouldseeadoctor,andthenyoushouldtakesomemedicineanddrinkalotofwater.Whydon’tyoulistentolightmusicandgotobedearlywhenyouarestressedoutandtired?Youknow,Ilikemusicverymuch.Thatisbecausemusiccanmakemerelaxed.IwilllendyousomeCDsifnecessary.【分析】1.Passage1的主题句是段落的第一句“MeiTingandIaregoodfriends,butwearedifferentinmanyways.”故本段的内容应紧密围绕“我和梅婷的不同”来展开。接下来，作者谈论了“我和梅婷在身高、体重、性格、兴趣等方面的不同”，这些是符合统一性原则的。2.Passage2中没有主题句，但是根据段落的第一句“Iamsorrytohearthatyouarenotfeelingwell.”及紧跟其后的几条建议可知，本段的中心应落在“如何祛除疾病、保持健康”上。但是，文章的后三句显然已经离题了，谈论的是作者喜爱的音乐，这使得整篇文章就失去了统一性。我们可以用一些其它的建议来替换这三句话，如：Youshouldalsotrytoexerciseandeatlessjunkfoodandmorehealthyfood,suchasapples,oranges.Ithinktheyaregoodforyourhealth.练一练根据已给出的段落首句及段落的统一性原则，选择5个合适的句子构成一个段落。Drivingprivate(私人的)carshasmanyadvantages.①Second,itistime-saving.②First,itisveryconvenient.③Wecan’tlivewithoutacar.④Moreandmorepeopledrivetoworkinsteadofgoingtoworkbybus.4⑤Third,thepopularizationofprivatecarscanpromotethecarindustry.[来源:学科网ZXXK]⑥Ifyouhaveyourowncar,youwillneverneedtospendmuchtimewaitingforabus.⑦Youcangoanywherewithoutthinkingaboutifthereisabus.可被用于构成该段落的句子的正确顺序：__________________________八下Unit1能力提升I．完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。Bill，athirteen-year-oldboy，thoughthehadgrownuptobeaman．Buthisparentstoldhim，“Youwon’tbearealmanuntilyoubeginto__1__helpingothers．”Onemorning，hisparentsgavehimsomemoneyto__2__somemilkforthem．Outsideashophesawahomelessoldmanwholookedvery__3__．Billwenttohimandasked．“What'swrongwithyou?”Theoldmananswered，“I’mhungry．Ihaven’thadanyfoodfortwodays．”Atthethoughtofhisparents’words，Billsaidtotheoldman，“Let’sgotothe__4__.”Whentheygotthere，Billaskedthewaitertobringoutbreadandcoffeetotheoldman.Theoldmanfinishedthe__5__quickly．Afterthewaitertookawaytheplateandthecup，theoldmansaid，“Sorryfor__6__yousomuchtrouble．I’mfinenow．I’ll__7__forgetyourkindness!Youareaverygoodyoungman”Billwas__8__whenheheardthesewords．Justwhenhewantedtopay__29__themeal，thewaitercame．Billandtheoldmanle