语法填空 技巧讲解

提示词形式动词谓语时态、语态（主动被动）非谓语-ing形式;todo不定式；-ed形式形容词与副词的比较级或最高级词性转换（名词&动词&形容词&副词）词义转换（变反义词）纯空格形式冠词（a/an/the）介词代词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词（some/other/another/both等）疑问代词、指示代词连词从属连词名词性从句定语从句状语从句并列连词（but,however,...）固定短语或句型【全国卷】语篇填空简单分析：1.13年之前全国卷是没有语法填空的，广东卷此题较为成熟，所以平时按广东卷的题练习即可。2.全国卷的纯空教少，14.15年两篇的纯空都只有3个，相对来说比广东卷容易点。3.语法填空要得分的关键就在于一定要学会分析成分，缺什么词填什么词才是关键。4.平时可做完题后把每道题考的点罗列一下，看看哪种要点是比较经常考察的，学会自己总结经验。20152014201320122011纯空冠词介词代词连词固搭v.谓语非谓其他adj.adv.n.比较级反、动n.【纯空技巧之“冠词”篇---a,an,the】常考方式：1）作为主语、宾语、表语的名词前面缺词，但不缺任何汉语意思，那一般考虑填冠词。a,an表泛指；不限定；首次提到的人、事物。the(1)表特指：上文提到；双方都知道；带有后置定语的名词前(2)最高级前(3)[少考]the+adj.表一类人；独一无二名词前；冠词几乎每道题都会考到，大家可以观察一下每道题填冠词的那个句子，总结一下规律。但是：如果做主语、宾语、表语的名词前面明显欠缺汉语意思，比如缺“某人的、其他的、另一个”等等，则需填上代词，如：his,their,other,another等。可参考：2010年36题；2008年33题【纯空技巧之“代词”篇】如果句子缺少主语或宾语，那一定是填名词或代词，名词一般都是词性变换，所以没给出提示词的，一般都是填代词。代词的种类繁多，包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词等尤其注意代词it在句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法！1.Scientistsinthefuturewillcertainlyfindotherwaystomakelifelastlonger.______willfindcuresformorediseases.2.Asateenager,Tomspentsummersworkingasalifeguard.Fortyyearslater,_____becametheoldestpresident.3.“Iamdisappointedthatyouliedtome,Jack.Iamangry,notwith____,butwithmyself.”Dadsaid.4.Tomisakind-heartedman,soyoucanask______forhelp.5.Theboyhadmisunderstoodthedoctor.Hethoughtthathewasgoingtogivehissisterall_______blood.8.Byplayinggames,theycannotonlyacquireknowledge,butalsocultivatetheirabilitiestogetalongwith_______.9.Ofthetwoforeignguests,oneisfromLondon,______isfromNewYork.10.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike______?”11..Sherememberedhowdifficult_______wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.12.Ithink_____necessarythatwedrinkplentyofwatereveryday.【纯空技巧之“介词”篇】如果名词（包括doing）、代词前是空格，且该名词或代词不是作主语、宾语或表语，则更多是作状语时，很可能填介词。另外，含有介词的固定搭配要积累。例：【2015全国卷】ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it'sonlyanhouraway_______carandoffersall`````【2013广东卷】Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt______alowpricewouldbebecausehewasdesperateformoney.Andanyonewhotookadvantageofthatsituationwouldbeshowingalackofrepect_______thesweatandstruggleofthemanwhoworkedveryhardtoproduceit.【2012广东卷】Thenewboylookedattheteacher______afewsecondsandallotherstudentswondered_______theboywoulddo.Moreexamples:【2010广东卷】Theyoungmanwenthome_______ahappyheart.【2014年广东卷】Ididn’tunderstand________thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged________thereservation.Moreexamples:【2015广东卷】Hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownnearby3________otherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat4________(leave).Whilemakingeffortstorunaway,she____(fall)overthehillanddied.ThenJohnsontriedtomakealiving_______thecow.MorePractice:Ifyoustillhaven’tgotamotto,pleasechooseonebecauseamottocanhaveagreatinfluence_____you.It’sunbelievablethatJohnfelloffthetruck____beinghurt.______arrivingthevillage,hewaswarmlywelcomed.SeveralyearsagoIwasatatrainstationinAmsterdamwaitinginlinetobuyaticket.AsIstoodthereIsawayoungmanaskingpeopleformoneysothathecouldbuyhisbreakfast.Mostofthetravelerssimply61(ignore)theyoungmanorgave62(he)adirtylook,yetawell-dressedmiddle-agedmanreacteddifferently.When63(approach)bytheyoungman,thegentlemanlooked64himandquietlyasked,“Howmuchwillyouneed?”Icouldn’thear65theyoungmansaidbutwatchedasthegentlemanpulledseveral66(note)fromhiswalletand67(calm)placedthemintheyoungman’shands.Idon’tknowwhethertheyoungmanactuallyusedthemoneyforhisbreakfastorfor68purposes.WhatIdoknowisthatIwitnessedtwodifferentreactionstothesamesituation.Isawpeoplewho69(be)eitherafraidorannoyed.AndthenIsawthegentlemanwhowasnotafraidandtreatedthehomelessyoungmanasthoughhewereabrother.Idecidedthenandtherethat,eventhoughwehavetobe70(care)inthisworld,Iwouldratherbelikethegentleman.When63(approach)bytheyoungman,thegentlemanlooked64himandquietlyasked,“Howmuchwillyouneed?”Icouldn’thear65theyoungmansaidbutwatchedasthegentlemanpulledseveral66(note)fromhiswalletand67(calm)placedthemintheyoungman’shands.Idon’tknowwhethertheyoungmanactuallyusedthemoneyforhisbreakfastorfor68purposes.【纯空技巧之“连词”篇】如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词。并列连词：but，yet(但是),while(然而),or,and；when(突然);so;for(由于)等.从属连词：1)状语从句：when;until;if;although;because···2)定语从句：which;that;who;whose;as;when···2)名词性从句：what;who;that;whether/if;how;when;which(哪一···)···【2015全国卷】I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersofLiRiver_______arepicturedbyartististsinsomanyChinesepaintings.【2014全国卷】Maybeyouhaveahabit_______isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.【2013广东卷】Nick’sguests,_____hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshoulenotbuysalemorecheaplyiftheycoule.【2012广东】Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,______madeherfeellikeastar.【2011广东】Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme________thebusarrived.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto_______hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes······【2014广东卷】We18________（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,19________fortheweekafter.Ididn’tunderstand20________thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged21________thereservation.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttoth