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北方民族大学课程设计报告院（部、中心）材料科学与工程学院姓名张晓荣学号20090261专业高分子材料与工程班级09级5班同组人员马林马小刚马彦宁李青波张进阿迪力谭青文蒙显富课程名称塑料成型工艺学设计题目名称化妆品用（发膜）塑料瓶部件设计起止时间2012年11月26日-2012年12月9日成绩指导教师签名北方民族大学教务处制塑料成型工艺设计课程设计任务书一、塑料成型工艺课程设计的目的：通过设计常见的塑料制品，考察同学们对塑料原材料及助剂性能、各种加工工艺方法特点及对制品性能的影响等基础知识的掌握；着重考察同学们从制品的使用环境要求出发，选择适当的塑料原材料及各种助剂并进行配方设计，同时选择适当的成型加工工艺来获得制品的能力。二、课程设计的内容要求：以几种常见的塑料制品为设计对象（设计中指定的塑料制品见附件1），分析组成每个制品均由数个塑料部件，然后根据各个部件的使用环境要求选择材料、设计配方和成型加工工艺制造出各个部件，并将其组合成一个完整制品。同时要求对采取的设计方案做出经济成本分析。具体每个组成部件的设计内容如下：（1）产品设计并绘出产品图（2）原材料选择与配方设计（3）生产方法选择与工艺过程设计（绘出工艺过程方框图和工艺流程图）（4）生产工艺参数的确定（5）工艺过程与操作说明（6）生产工艺配套设备的选择（7）设计说明和设计小结（8）根据以上内容编写出设计说明书三、其他设计要求（1）设计内容完整合理，文理通顺，层次分明，字迹工整。（2）参数选取恰当，数据准确无误。（3）论理论据充分，资料来源可靠。（4）图纸视图正确，图面整洁规范。（5）按时完成任务。四、时间与进度安排根据本课程特点，本课程设计采用集中与分散的方式进行。11-13周：熟悉课程设计内容，针对具体的课程设计内容有针对性的查阅相关资料文献14周：1）完成配方设计与生产工艺设计、成生产工艺参数的确定与操作说明。2）完成设计说明与小结及整理资料编写成设计说明书初稿并交指导老师审阅15周：修改与整理成正稿并交稿，同时进行答辩五、参考书籍:(1)塑料成型工艺黄锐主编(2)塑料产品工业设计基础郁文娟化学工业出版社(3)塑料制品设计指南徐佩弦化学工业出版社(4)高分子材料成型工艺学吴智华四川大学出版设(5)塑料手册等目录第一章瓶盖1瓶盖设计·······················································51.1瓶盖设计及产品图················································51.1.1制品使用环境分析···············································51.1.2产品图························································51.2原材料选择与配方设计·············································61.2.2材料的特性·····················································61.2.3助剂的选择及配方···············································81.2.4原料与粒料的混合··············································111.3生产方法选择与工艺过程设计····································121.3.1生产方法选择··············································121.3.2工艺流程图··············································131.4生产工艺参数的确定··············································151.4.1生产工艺参数··············································151.5工艺过程与操作说明·············································171.5.1注射机注射工艺过程············································191.6设计说明和设计小结·············································221.6.1设计方案经济成本分析··········································221.6.2设计小结·····················································22第二章瓶体2瓶体设计······················································232.1瓶体设计及产品图·············································232.1.1瓶体的形状确定：·············································232.1.2瓶体尺寸规格··············································232.1.3瓶体产品图··············································242.2原材料选择与配方设计··········································242.2.1原材料的确定·············································242.2.2配方设计··············································252.3生产方法选择与工艺过程设计····································252.3.1生产方法选择··············································252.3.2工艺路线图··············································262.4.生产工艺参数的确定············································272.5工艺过程与操作说明·············································292.6.生产工艺配套设备的选择·······································302.7操作说明和设计小结·············································31第三章包装膜3包装膜设计······················································323.1包装膜的设计··········································323.1.1原材料的选择··············································323.1.2添加剂的选择··············································343.2生产方法选择与工艺过程设计·····································383.2.1成型工艺的选择··············································393.2.2生产工艺流程··············································403.3生产工艺配套设备的选择········································423.3.1生产设备·················································423.4产品规格··················································433.5包装膜设计总结··············································43第四章金属修饰件4瓶盖金属修饰件的设计·············································444.1原材料选择与配方设计···········································444.1.1原材料的选择··············································454.1.2配方设计··················································454.2生产方法选择与工艺过程设计···································464.3工艺过程与操作说明·············································46参考文献························································475化妆品用（发膜）塑料瓶部件设计第一章瓶盖的设计1.1瓶盖设计及产品图1.1.1制品使用环境分析通过对产品的分析，该产品主要是在市内使用，偶尔在室外使用。因此环境温度变化很大，主要在-20--100摄氏度之内。湿度在30%--80%左右。压力变化不大，基本维持在常压下。由于环境的不同，可能受到氧，辐射，光等因素影响产品的使用性能。该产品决定了其受力主要是静态力为主，而且是间断不连续的，承受的外力不大，主要是防止意外掉落摔坏。该盖子与产品接触，主要是其中的油类化学成分对其影响较大，故盖子的材料需要耐化学腐蚀好的。该产品还要求材料吸水性低，不因湿度大而影响尺寸。此外还要求该材料渗透性低。该盖子外观要求光泽性高，且需着色加强其美观性。由于该产品作用于人的皮肤，故材料需要无毒性，一保障消费者的安全。该盖子还有一个铰链式的链接，分为两部分，使用起来更方便。因此要求材料耐疲劳弯曲性能好，不易折断。1.1.2产品图1.2原材料选择与配方设计1.2.1原材料的选择6所使用的材料为了降低成本，应该首选热塑性材料，便于生产过程中产生的废料和产品的后续重复利用。还需要材料加工性较好。几种材料性能的比较种类性能PPPEPVCPSABS刚性较好差好好好收缩率差一般好好好韧性低温下差好差差差强度较高低较高高高耐热性好好好好好化学稳定性差差一般一般较差耐候性一般一般好好好毒性无毒无毒有毒无毒有毒对上面的条件综合考虑，初步选择pp为原材料。考虑到成本问题，目前国内主要使用国产的，据此，本设计选择大庆石化主打牌号pp--TX30G：熔融指数8.0~11.0g/10min，适合制作彩色包装盒、日用品包装盒、小型制件等。1.2.2材料的特性PP为结晶型高聚物，常用塑料中PP最轻，密度仅为0.91g/cm3（比水小）。通用塑料中，PP的耐热性最好，其热变形温度为80-100℃。PP有良好的耐应力开裂性，有很高的弯曲疲劳寿命，俗称“百折胶”。PP的综合性能优于PE料。PP产品质轻、韧性好、耐化学性好。PP的缺点：尺寸精度低、刚性不足、耐候性差，它具有后收缩现象，脱模后，易老化、变脆、易变形。丙烯聚合时由于使用催化剂的品种不同，则生产出的聚丙烯分子结构也就有所差异。按CH3排列方式的不同，分为无序排列分布和有序排列分布，聚丙烯形成了三种不同的立体结构，即等规聚丙烯、间规聚丙烯和无规聚丙烯。三种聚丙烯中目前以等规聚丙烯应用量最大，约占聚丙烯总产量的9