跨文化交际实用教程Unit1

InterculturalCommunication跨文化交际实用教程APracticalCoursebookCultureisaBridge.Unit1AnIntroductionObjectivesLearnthepurposeoflearningthecourse.LearnthenotionsofCulture,CommunicationandInterculturalCommunication.LearnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturesCONTENTSI.Warm-upCasesII.CultureIII.CommunicationIV.InterculturalCommunicationV.TheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCulturesVI.CasestudyVII.AssignmentsI.Warm-upCasesPleasediscussthecasesingroupsandmakeacommentonit.Case1:ShowingConcernInChina:XiaoLi(aninterpreter):Youmustbeverytired.You’reold…Catherine(anelderlyAmericanlady):Oh,I’mNOTold,andI’mNOTtired.IntheWest:A:Howareyoudoingnow?Wouldyouliketorest?B:No,notabit.Thewayofshowingconcernisdifferent.InChinaIntheWeststatementquestionmusthowwouldExercises:1.WhenyoumeetanAmericanfriendofyourswhoarejustoffaplaneintheairport,youcangreethimbysaying:a.Youmusthavehadatiringjourneyb.Didyouenjoyyourtrip?c.Howlongdidittakeyoutogethere?d.Soyouareherefinally!2.WhenanAmericanfriendofyourshascaughtacold,youcanshowconcernbysayinga.I’msureyou’llbebettersoon.b.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.c.Youshouldbemorecarefulnotcatchcoldagain.d.Ihopeyou’llbefeelingbettersoon.3.WhenProfessorCrawfordisabouttoleaveforsightseeingonacoldwinterday,youshouldsaytohima.You’dbetterwearmoreclothes.b.Becarefulnottocatchcold.c.Enjoyyourself.d.You’dbettertakeacoatwithyou.Case2FirstOfferACanadiancolleagueandItraveledtoGuilinwithouradmirableguideHepingLiuinveryhotweather.Sightseeingisathirstybusiness.Wedidnottrustthewater,andenjoyedexcellentbeer.WepolitelyofferedsometoHepingbutherefused.Wesaidnothinganddrankourbeer,whilepoorHepingwatched.Onanotherday,Hepingquicklyacceptedourofferofbeer.QuestionsfordiscussionInyourdailylife,doyouoftenacceptfirstoffer?Ifyes,inwhatsituation?CommentFirstofferChinesewesternersModestPolitewell-behavedsecondorthirdofferReligiousreasonsReformedalcoholicAllergicI.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?DiscussionPeoplearedifferentthroughouttheworld,culturally,religiously,ideologically[,aidiə'lɔdʒikali](思想上；意识形态上)andracially,actuallydifferentinalmosteveryaspect,thereforewearesupposedtoknowabouttheirdifferencesasmuchaspossible,justforasmoothcommunicationamongtheHomosapiens(现代人),thepeopleintheglobalvillage.YouwillmakeitbycomingtoInterculturalCommunication.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?ThePurposeThegeneralpurposeofthiscourseistounderstandthewaysinwhichcultureinterrelateswithandeffectscommunicationprocesses.Interculturallearninginvolvesaffectiveandbehavioralprocesses,aswellascognitiveones.Throughoutthiscourse,youwillhavetheopportunitytogainknowledge,skillsandattitudesthatwillincreaseyourinterculturalcommunicationcompetence.TheObjectives1)Toexploreculturalself-awareness,othercultureawarenessandthedynamicsthatariseininteractionsbetweenthetwo.2)Tounderstandhowcommunicationprocessesdifferamongcultures.3)Toidentifychallengesthatarisefromthesedifferencesininterculturalinteractionsandlearnwaystocreativelyaddressthem.4)Toacquireknowledgeanddevelopskillsthatincreaseinterculturalcompetence.5)TohaveanunderstandingofthemeaningoftheculturesunderstoodbythewesternersandtheeasternersortheChineseandAmericans.II.WhatIsCulture?1.DefineculturesyourselfPleasewritedownwhatevercomestoyourmindwhenyouhearorthinkofculture.Next,trytofigureouthowtheyarerelatedtoculture.2.DefinitionsofCulture1)Cultureisthetotalwayoflifethatagroupofpeopleshares.2)Cultureisasystemofsharedbeliefs,values,customs,behaviors,andartifactsthatthemembersofasocietyusetocopewiththeirworldandwithoneanother,andthataretransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationthroughlearning.3)CultureisanIntegratedsystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternswhicharecharacteristicofthemembersofasocietyandwhicharenottheresultofbiologicalinheritance.4)Cultureisthedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,meanings,hierarchies,religion,notionsoftime,roles,spatialrelations,conceptsoftheuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving(努力,奋斗).5)Cultureisthetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.3.ElementsofCulture4.ThreeIngredientsofCultureartifactsconcepts(beliefs,values,worldviews…)behaviore.g.Whereasthemoneyisconsideredanartifact,thenvalueplacedonitisaconcept,theactualspendingandsavingofthemoneyisbehavior.5.CharacteristicsofCulture1)Cultureisshared.2)Cultureislearned.3)Cultureisbasedonsymbols.4)Cultureisintegrated.5)Cultureissubjectivetochange.6)Cultureisethnocentric[,eθnəu'sentrik](民族中心主义的;种族优越感的).7)Cultureisadaptive.Cultureisshared.CultureIsLearned.Cultureisbasedonsymbols.Cultureisadaptive.III.WhatIsCommunicationCanyougivesomeexamplestoexplainthewordcommunication?Whatiscommunication?1.DefinitionofCommunicationGenerallyspeaking,communicationcanbedefinedasadynamic,symbolic,transactionalandcontextualprocessinwhichpeoplecreatesharedmeaningsormessages.2.BasicaspectstoCommunicationOurindividualpersonalityThecultureweoperatein