生态系统的调控

““””((homeostasis)homeostasis)ResistantStabilityResistantStabilityResilientStabilityResilientStability112.2.3.3.4.4.5.5.““EcologicalEcologicalThresholdThreshold””,,..FeedbackFeedback44KKSSKSKSKKSSredundancyredundancyoffunctionalcomponentsoffunctionalcomponents““””““””dNdN//dtdt=r=r··NNrrNN,,rrNNdNdNdtdt=r=r··NNttNNdNdN//dtdt=r=r11––N/KN/KrrNN((KK))““””——““””NNdNdNdtdt=r=r(1(1--NNKK))KKttNNLogisticLogisticdNdN//dtdt=r=r··NN··(1(1––N/K)N/K)NN--rr22/K/KKKdNdNdtdt=r=r··NNdNdNdtdt==--rrNN22KK+NNLogisticLogisticLogisticLogisticKK————LogisticLogisticKK93%93%23%23%60%60%7%7%78%78%81%81%18%18%ecologicalbalanceecologicalbalanceW.W.19491949““””““balanceofnaturebalanceofnature””““””““””,,,,““””““””““””““””2222““””——displacement)displacement)degradedecosystemdegradedecosystem))damagedecosystemdamagedecosystem44————AArestorationecologyrestorationecologyAberAberJordanJordan19851985““””syntheticecologysyntheticecology33““””1313““””rehabilitationrehabilitationreconstructionreconstructionreclamationreclamationrevegetationrevegetation““””““””————2220205050212120208080““””19921992““””BtBt33systemanalysisandstimulationsystemanalysisandstimulation1.1.2.2.3.3.““””4.4.5.5.6.6.7.7.8.8.9.9.10.10.