商务英语入门第四章_外教社修订版

ManagementChapter4Chapter高等学校英语拓展系列教程主编：任书梅王璐副主编：曹颖外语教学与研究出版社ManagementChapter4ChapterChapter4管理ManagementManagementChapter4ChapterLectureOutlineWhatIsManagement?什么是管理？OrganizationalStructure组织结构ManagementLevels管理层次ManagerialRoles经理人角色ManagementSkills管理技能Lead-inactivities导入活动ManagementChapter4ChapterLead-inactivitiesAneffectiveexecutiveisindispensabletothegrowthofcorporation.Canyounamesomefamousentrepreneurs?Identifyeffectivemanagerialqualities.ManagementChapter4ChapterLead-inactivitiesDoyouhavewhatittakestobeagoodentrepreneur?Isitsomethingthatyoucouldlearnorrathersomethingthatisinnate(天生的)?ManagementChapter4ChapterLead-inactivitiesQualitiesofaGoodEntrepreneurs?PerseveranceWhateverbusinessyoumightbesettingup,therearetimeswhereyouwillfaceproblems.Itismomentlikethisthatyouwillneedtoholdonandpersevere.Youwillhavetobelieveinyourselfandyourproductsandservicesinordertosucceed.?InterpersonalSkillsBusinessisallaboutdealingwithpeopleandyouManagementChapter4ChapterWhatismanagement?Managementcanbedefinedastheapplicationofplanning,organizing,directing,andcontrollingfunctionsinthemostefficientmannerpossibletoaccomplishmeaningfulorganizationalobjectives.Thethememanagementisthatacentralpersonmust—byusingsuchskillsasdecisionmaking,communicationandobjectivesetting—coordinatetheworkactivitiesofotherstoachieveorganizationalobjectives.ManagementChapter4ChapterWhatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanning—Planningmeansdefininggoalsforfutureorganizationalperformanceanddecidingonthetasksanduseofresourcesneededtoattainthem.—Planningisataskthateachmanagermustdoeveryday.Itisacontinuousprocess.—Planningisbasicallymental.Itrequiresthinkingthingsthroughlogically.Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanning—Planningdecideswhatneedstohappeninthefuture(today,nextweek,nextmonth,nextyear,overthenext5years,etc.)andgeneratingplansforaction(Whattodo?)Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanningPlanninganswersseveralfundamentalquestionsformanagers:—Whatisthesituationnow?—Whatisthestateoftheeconomyandotherenvironments?—Whatopportunitiesexistformeetingpeople’sneeds?—Whatproductsandcustomersaremostprofitable?—Whydopeoplebuy(ornotbuy)ourproducts?—Whoareourmajorcompetitors?—Whatthreatsaretheytoourbusiness?Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanning—TheSWOTanalysisisanextremelyusefultoolforunderstandinganddecision-makingforallsortsofsituationsinbusinessandorganizations.—SWOTstandsforstrengths,weaknesses,opportunities,andthreats.Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanningPlanninganswersseveralfundamentalquestionsformanagers:—Wheredowewanttogo?—Howmuchgrowthdowewant?—Whatisourprofitgoal?—Whatareoursocialobjectives?—Whatareourpersonaldevelopmentobjectives?Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanningPlanninganswersseveralfundamentalquestionsformanagers:—Howcanwegettherefromhere?Thisisthemostimportantpartofplanning.Ittakesfourforms:Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanning—Strategic(long-range)planning(战略规划/长期规划)Itdeterminesthemajorgoalsoftheorganizationaswellasthepolicies,procedures,andstrategiesforobtainingandusingresourcestoachievethosegoals.—Tactical(short-range)planning(战术规划/短期规划)Itistheprocessofdevelopingdetailed,short-termstrategiesaboutwhatistobedone,whoistodoit,andhowitistobedone.Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterPlanning—Operationalplanning(运营规划)Itistheprocessofsettingworkstandardsandschedulesnecessarytoimplementthetacticalobjectives.—Contingencyplanning(应急计划)Itistheprocessofpreparingalternativecoursesofactionthatmaybeusediftheprimaryplansdon’tachievetheorganization’sobjectives.Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterOrganizing—Organizinginvolvestheassignmentoftasks,thegroupingoftasksintodepartments,andtheallocationofresourcestodepartments.—Organizing(Implementation)makesoptimumuseoftheresourcesrequiredtoenablethesuccessfulcarryingoutofplans.—Thinking:Howtoorganizeyourhome?Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterDirecting—Directingistheuseofinfluencetomotivateemployeestoachieveorganizationalgoals.—Directinginvolvesmotivatingentiredepartmentsanddivisionsaswellasthoseindividualsworkingimmediatelywiththemanager.Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterDirectingTwodirectingstyles:—Autocraticleadership(专制型领导)Itmeansprovidingsubordinateswithdetailedjobinstructions.—Democraticleadership(民主型领导)Themanagerconsultswithsubordinatesaboutjobactivities,problems,andcorrectiveactions.Whatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterDirectingWhatismanagement?ManagementChapter4ChapterDirectingWhatismanagement?Differencesbetweenthetwodirectingstyles:—Autocraticleadership(专制型领导)QuickDecisionsItworksbestinsituationswhererapiddecisionsareoftenessential,suchasinthemilitaryorlawenforcement.PoorDecisionsSalientpointsorevendifferentapproachestoaproblemwillbeoverlooked.ManagementChapter4ChapterDirectingWhatismanagement?Differencesbetweenthetwodirectingstyles:—Democraticleadership(民主型领导)ComfortableWorkEnvironmentAworkerwhoisconsultedabouthisorheropinionsbytheemployersbeforedecisionsarema