搜索
高考阅读主旨大意题解题思路浅析首都医科大学附属中学：曹靖哲Typeoflesson:ReadingContentoflesson:ReadingforthemainideaTeachingaims:1.HelpstudentslearnhowtofindoutthemainideaofapassageinReadingComprehensionintheCollegeEntranceExams.2.LetstudentspracticeandsummarizemainmethodsTeachingaids:Computerandpaper-sheetTeachingprocedures:Step1:Lead-in1.ShowstudentsatableaboutthepercentageofthemainideaintheNMET..200320042005北京卷(9道)3332.showthestudentsthequestionforms:1)Themainideaofthepassageis___________.2)Theconclusionwecangetfromthestoryis___________.3)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?____________.4)Themainpurposeofthestoryistotellus___________.Step2:PracticeandLearnⅠ.StudentsareaskedtoreadPassage(a)andfinishthemultiple-choice.ThenletSsworkinpairstochecktheiranswersandsummarizeitsproblem-solvingskillsA(説明文)(2002北京春B)Therearethreeseparatesourcesofdangersinsupplyingenergybynuclearpower.First,theradioactivematerialmusttravelfromitsplaceofproductiontothepowerstation.Althoughthepowerstationsthemselvesarestronglybuilt,thecontainersusedforthetransportofthematerialsarenot.Normally,onlytwomethodsoftransportareinuse,namelyroadorrail.Unfortunately,bothofthesemayhaveaneffectonthegeneralpublic,sincetheyaresuretopassnear,oreventhrough,heavilypopulatedareas.Second,thereistheproblemofwaste.Allnuclearpowerstationsproducewastesthatinmostcaseswillremainradioactiveforthousandsofyears.Itisimpossibletomakethesewastesnonradioactive,andsotheymustbestoredinoneoftheinconvenientwaysthatscientistshaveinvented.Forexample,theymaybeburiedundertheground,ordroppedintodesertedmines,orsunkinthesea.However,thesemethodsdonotsolvetheproblem,sinceanearthquakecouldeasilybreakthecontainers.Third,theremayoccurthedangerofaleakoranexplosionatthepowerstation.Aswiththeothertwodangers,thisisnotverylikely,soitdoesnotprovideaseriousobjectiontothenuclearprogram.However,itcanhappen.Separately,thesethreetypesofdangersarenotagreatcauseforworry.Takentogether,though,theprobabilityofdisasterisextremelyhigh.64.Whatisthispassageabout?（B）A.usesofnuclearpowerB.DangersfromnuclearpowerC.PublicangeratnuclearpowerD.Accidentscausedbynuclearpower.解题思路：本文主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。据统计，英语中有60%--90%的说明文和科技文献都有主题句，其中50%的主题句在段首，30%的主题句在段尾，15%的主题句在段落中间。因此，.一定要重视每段的段首，段尾和每篇文章的开头结尾。Ⅱ.StudentsareaskedtoreadPassage(b)andfinishthemultiple-choices.ThenletSsworkinpairstosummarizeitsproblem-solvingskills.B（议论文）（安徽B）WhenIwassmallandmygrandmotherdied,Icouldn’t'tunderstandwhyIhadnotears.Butthatnightwhenmydadtriedtocheermeup,mylaughturnedintocrying.Soitcameasnosurprisetolearnthatresearchersbelievecryingandlaughingcomefromthesamepartofthebrain.Justaslaughinghasmanyhealthadvantages,scientistsarediscoveringthatso,too,doescrying.Whateverittakesforustoreducepressureisimportanttoouremotional(情感的)health,andcryingseemstoworkweft.Onestudyfoundthat85percentofwomenand73percentofmenreportfeelingbetteraftercrying.Besides,tearsattracthelpfromotherpeople.Researchersagreethatwhenwecry,peoplearoundusbecomekinderandfriendlierandtheyaremorereadytoprovidesupportandcomfort.Tearsalsoenableustounderstandouremotionsbetter;sometimeswedon'tevenknowwe'reverysaduntilwecry.Welearnaboutouremotionsthroughcrying,andthenwecandealwiththem.Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying--holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering--canbebadforphysicalhealth.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighgoodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don'tfightit.It'sanatural--andhealthy--emotionalresponse(反应).63.Whatmighthethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?(A)A.PowerofTearsB.HowtoKeepHealthyC.WhyWeCryD.ANewScientificDiscovery解题思路：主题句隐含在短文之中，注意观察，找准贯穿上下文的关键词汇，体会每段的大意，就能概括和归纳出短文的主旨大意，从而选出最佳标题。Ⅲ.StudentsareaskedtoreadPassage(c)andfinishthemultiple-choices.C(记叙文)(全国3A)Everyyearonmybirthday,fromthetimeIturned12,awhitegardeniawasdeliveredtomyhouse.NocardcamewithitCallstotheflower-shopwerenothelpfulatall.AfterawhileIstoppedtryingtodiscoverthesender’snameandjustdelightedinthebeautifulwhiteflowerinsoftpinkpaper.ButIneverstoppedimaginingwhothegivermightbe.Someofmyhappiestmomentswerespentdaydreamingaboutthesender.Mymotherencouragedtheseimaginings.She’daskmeiftherewassomeoneforwhomIhaddonespecialkindness.PerhapsitwastheoldmanacrossthestreetwhosemailI’ddeliveredduringthewinter.Asagirl,though,IhadmorefunimaginingthatitmightbeaboyIhadruninto.Onemonthbeforemygraduation,myfatherdied.IfeltsosadthatIbecamecompletelyuninterestedinmyupcominggraduationdance,andIdidn’tcareifIhadanewdressornot.Butmymother,inherownsadness,wouldnotletmemissanyofthosethings.Shewantedherchildrentofeellovedandlovable.Intruth,mymotherwantedherchildrentoseethemselvesmuchlikethegar-denia-lovely,strongandperfectwithperhapsabitofmystery(神秘)MymotherdiedtendaysafterIwasmarried.Iwas22.Thatwastheyearthegardeniastoppedcoming.41．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?(B)A．AchildhoodDream.B．AMother’sLove.C．AGraduationParty.D．ASpecialBirthday.42．Themotherinsistedthatherdaughtergotothegraduationdancebecause(C).A．shecould