七年级下册英语1-5单元知识点

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playvolleyballbaseballfootballsoccerbasketballplaytheguitarpianoUnit1playchessplay后接乐器名词时,表示弹奏某种乐器,乐器名词前加定冠词the。play后接球类及棋类名词时,名词前不用冠词,但与game连用时,常与the连用1.情态动词can的用法:情态动词是辅助动词帮助说明能力、意愿等的词,并且它不随主语人称的变化而变化。eg.(1)变否定句直接在can后加“not”.Hecan’t(cannot)swim.(2)变疑问句直接把can提前Canyoudance?Whatcanyoudo?2.want(想要)的用法(1)wanttodosth.想要做…Iwanttoplayping-pang.Theywanttojointhesportsclub.(2)主语是第三人称单数时,用want要作变化。Hewantstoplaybasketball.Shewantstojointhechessclub.LiXiawengwantstoplaythepiano.(3)变疑问句、否定句要借助助动词do或does。-Doyouwanttoplaysoccerball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.-Doeshewanttogohomebybus?-Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.3.like(喜欢)的用法喜欢某人(物)likesb./sth.喜欢做某事liketodosth.或likedoingsth.注意:likedoingsth.表示长时间的喜欢做某事,指兴趣爱好.Eg.Ilikeplayingbasketball.我喜欢打篮球。(习惯于做某事)liketodosth.则常指某个具体的动作,表示偶尔一次喜欢做某事、或者突然想(喜欢)干某事.Eg.Iliketoswimthisafternoon.我今天下午想去游泳。(特指某一次的动作).2.join意为“参加;加入”。join后面常接表示团体的名词,表示加入某团体或成为某团体的一员;也常接人称代词的宾格形式,表示和某人一起进行某活动。Tomplayssoccerwell.Hewantstojointhesoccerclub.注意:join=beinCanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?你能帮助我学习英语吗?CanyouhelpmelearnEnglish?2.helpsbwithsth.在某方面帮某助某人helpsb(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事3.begoodwithsb=getonwellwithsb.擅于;与某人相处得好Ms.Brownisgoodwithstudents.布朗女士擅于和学生们交往。=Ms.Browngetsonwellwithstudents.Jackisnotgoodwithpeople.杰克不太擅于与人相处。4.begoodat+doingsth/n/pron(代词)=dowellin+doingsth/n/pron(代词)擅于;对于……有办法Sheisgoodattellingstories.她擅长于讲故事。=Shedoeswellintellingstories.5.begoodtosb.对某人友好begood/badfor对…有好处/坏处6.makefriends交朋友Youcanjoinaclubandmakefriends.你可以参加一个俱乐部并且交一些朋友。makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友Lindawantstomakefriendswiththem.琳达想和他们交朋友。1.showsbsth=showsthtosb.给某人展示/看某物Heshowsmehispen.他给我展示他的笔。2.teachsbsth.教某人某事teachsbtodosth.教某人去做某事TomteachesmetolearnEnglish.Tom教我学习英语3.bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事Sheisbusydoingherhomework.她忙于写作业。4.callsbat+号码打….电话给某人Pleasecallmeat3980290.请打3980290给我5.need(sb)todosth.需要(某人)做某事Weneedtostudyhard.我们需要努力学习。good,well的区别good是形容词,修饰名词,或做表语well是副词,修饰动词,副词,形容词Sheisagoodteacher.ShelearnEnglishwell.Whattimedo/does+sb+(usually)+do?回答:主语+usually+动词+at+时间。usually副词,通常(主语后,实义动词前)注意:whattime只用于问时间点when既可以问时间点也可问时间段询问某人什么时间做什么事:Unit2job与work:1.job,可数:Ihaveajobasateacher.Jobsarenoteasytoget.2.work,不可数:Icannotfindworkinthistown.Haveyoufinishedyourwork?work还可以做动词,意为“工作”,而job不可做动词。Jackworksveryhard.杰克工作非常努力。Iworkeighthourseveryday.我每天工作八个小时。aninterestingjob一份有趣的工作ajob一份工作3.from…to…从……到……Sheworksfrom7:00to9:00.她工作从7点到9点。4.about/around大约、大概Rickusuallygoestoschoolatabout/around7:00a.m.5.It’stimeforsth.=It’stimetodosth.该做某事了/到了做某事的时间了It’stimeforsb.todosth.某人该做某事了/到了某人做某事的时间了Eg:1.该吃午饭了。2.到了你做家庭作业的时间了。It’stimeforlunch.=It’stimetohave/eatlunch.It’stimeforyoutodoyourhomework.7.exercisev.&n.锻炼;练习Iexerciseeveryday.Heusuallyexercisesafterschooleveryday.domorningexerciseseyeexercises做早操眼保健操exercisedoingsth.练习做某事exercisespeakingEnglishexerciseplayingthepianoSheexercisesrunningeveryafternoon.表示体育锻炼时不可数;表示练习时可数doexercise是不可数名词,表示进行体育锻炼,或锻炼身体doexercises是可数名词,表示做练习或作习题,比如学习上或优育上或音乐等方面的练习如:Healwaysdoesexerciseinthemorning.他经常晨练。Healwaysdoessomeexercisesinthemorning.他经常早上作练习(习题)时间表达法•1.整点:“钟点数+o’clock”•1:00oneo’clock注意:o’clock只能用于整点的后面,而不能用于带有分钟的时间之后2.非整点:顺读法:“时+分”2:20twotwenty5:45fiveforty-five2.逆读法:(1)分钟数不超过30分:分钟数+past+点钟数5:16sixteenpastfive3:25twenty-fivepastthree(2)分钟数超过30分:分钟数(60-已知分钟数)+to+点钟数(已知钟点数+1)6:45fifteentoseven8:55fivetonine(3)15分用quarter,30分用past.7:15aquarterpastseven(分钟数不超30,用past)12:45aquartertotwelve(分钟数超过30,用to)4:30halfpastfouroninatfor的用法on+具体日期,星期,重大节日,具体某一天的上午下午或晚上onMarch13onMondayonNewYear’sDayonMondaymorningin+月份,季节,年份inJanuaryinspringin2014at+时间点at9:00for+时间段forhalfanhour1.belatefor迟到…Iamlateforschool.我上学迟到了2.either…or…要么…要么…,或者…或者…(就近原则)EitheryouorheisgoodatEnglish.3.get/go/walk/runto+地点去/走去/跑去arrivein+大地点arriveat+小地点到达…reach+地点到达注意:如果get/go/walk/run/arrive后接home,here,there时,不加to。Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?=Howfarisschoolfromyourhome?(距离)It’sabout2kilometers.HowdoesTomgettoschool?Hewalkstoschool.Howlongdoesittake(时间)Ittakes25minutestowalk.2km25minutes1.--________doesittakeyoutodoyourhomeworkeveryday?--Abouthalfanhour.howlong意为“多久;多长时间”,用来询问时间的长短。如:--Howlongdoesittaketogettothelibrary?--Halfanhourbybike..HowlongUnit32.--_______isitfromheretothebusstop?--It’sabouttwokilometers.--It’sabouttwokilometers(away)fromheretothebusstop.注意:awayfrom(有具体数字)farfrom(无具体数字)howfar意为“多远”,用来询问距离,常用“数词+kilometers/miles”或“时间段的所有格形式+drive/ride/walk”等来回答。如:--Howfarisyourhomefromthetrainstation?--Aboutfifteenminutes’drive.(问距离)Howfar(某事)花费某人多少时间做某事Ittakes+sb(代宾/人名)+时间+todosth动词take表示花费(时间)Eg:Itusuallytakesmeabouttenminutestogettherebuybus.He__________toschool.=Hegetstoschool________.注意:take+限定词+交通工具(放主语后)bybus/bike=ona/thebus/bike或者bycar=ina/the/mycarsubway,plane,train既可用in,也可用on,切莫忘记限定词1.thinkof+n/pron/v-ing认为WhatdoesBobthinkofthetrip?鲍勃认为旅行怎么样?Whatdo/doessb.thinkof…?(=Howdo/doessb.like…?)某人觉得……怎么样?HowdoesBoblikethetrip?注意:thinkof后不接句子,接句子的是think5.afraid害怕;恐惧;形容词(1)beafraid……害怕的Thegirlisveryafraid.小女孩很害怕。(2)beafraidofsth/sb害怕某事/某人Mysisterisafraidofsnakes.我妹妹害怕蛇。(3)beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事Heisafraidofbeingbeatenbyhisfather.他怕被他爸打.(不是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