(煤制油)神华煤直接液化项目综合评价

-I-神华煤直接液化项目综合评价摘要神华煤制油项目是世界上首个建设的工业化项目，工程分为先期和一期，总建设规模为年生产油品500万t，自2004年8月先期工程开工建设，到2009年一期工程第一条生产线基本完成，并计划于2009年5月正式投产。本文对神华煤直接液化工艺项目进行了综合评价，主要分为3个部分，包括经济分析、技术分析和环境分析。同时，本文还介绍了煤直接液化的工艺流程，重点介绍了煤制油工艺的特殊的单元，例如：煤液化单元，煤制氢单元，T-star工艺单元。经济分析部分，采用技术经济学的知识，计算了项目的总投资、总成本、项目销售收入和税金以及现金流量。计算出了项目的内部收益率为13.13%，全投资的回收期为7.73年，大于石油化工项目的平均内部收益率10%。从经济方面，神华煤制油项目是有优势的。技术分析部分，主要从煤直接液化工艺的技术方案，工程放大和项目的建设进行了研究。重点分析了液化工艺核心技术—采用美国的HTI工艺，液化工艺的催化剂制备单元—采用新型高效“863”合成催化剂，液化工艺煤制氢单元—采用Shell粉煤加压气化工艺等先进的技-II-术。神华煤制油项目在产品分离、加氢改质、空分、水处理方面都采用了先进的技术。同时项目的工程放大和项目的建设都保证了神华煤制油项目的有条不紊的建设。环境分析部分，重点研究了神华项目污水和液化残渣的利用。对这两部分分别提出了建议意见。最后，本文对神华项目提出了发展建议，提出了神华项目要加大自主技术研究，完善绿化方案，建立水库储备水源，研究煤、电和化工的结合。关键词：煤制油；直接液化；综合评价AbstractShenhuacoaltooilwasthefirstindustrializationprojectonconstructionintheworld,whichwasdividedintotwostages,includingtheearlyoneandthefirstone.thegrossofprojectisfivemilliontons/yearinpetroleumproduct.TheearlystagestartedtobeconstructedsinceAugust,2004,thefirststagewillbefinshedin2009,andplantoputintoproductioninmay.Thecomprehensiveevaluationoftheprojectindirectliquefactionprocessonshenhuacoalwasstudiedinthispaper,whichmainlywasdividedintothreeparts,includingtheeconomicanalysis,technicalanalysisandenvironmentalanalysis.Atthesametime,thispaperalsointroducedtheprocessflowincoalliquefaction,majorintroducedspecialunitofcoaltooil,forexample:coalliquefactionunit,hydrogenunit,T-starprocessunit.Economicanalysis,usingknowledgeoftechnicaleconomics,theprojecttotalinvestment,totalcost,projectsalesincomeandtaxandcashflowwerecalculated,thentheinternalrateofreturnandinvestment-III-recoupmentperiodofprojectwere13.13%and7.73yearsrespectively.Theinternalrateofreturnwasmorethantheoneforpetrochemicalindustrywhichwas10%.Fromtheeconomicaspect,theprojectwasprofitable.Technicalanalysis,mainlystudiedfromcoaldirectliquefactiontechnicalscheme,engineeringenlargementandprojectconstruction.Thecoretechnologyliquefactionprocess-HTIprocessemployingtheAmericatechnology,catalystpreparationprocess-usingnewefficient863synthesiscatalyst,coalliquefactionprocessforhydrogenproductionunitbyaddingpressurizedgasification-employingShelladvancedpressurizedgasificationtechnologywereemphaticallyanalyzed.Shenhuacoaltooilprojectinproductseparationunit,hydrogenationmodificationuint,airseparationunitandwatertreatmentwereadoptedadvancedtechnology.Meanwhiletheengineeringandconstructionoftheprojectalsoguaranteedthesystemofshenhuacoaltooilonconstructionorderly.Environmentalanalysis,mainlystudiedsewageandliquefactionresiduesintheproject.TheSuggestionswereputforwardforthisproject.Finally,thispapergavetheadvicesforshenhuaprogram,consistingofstrengtheningtechnologystudy,establishingreservoir,completinggreenprogramandstudyingelectricity,water,chemicalcombination.KeyWords：coaltooil;directliquefaction;comprehensiveevaluation-IV-目录摘要........................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................II目录........................................................................................................IV第1章前言..............................................................................................1第2章文献综述........................................................................................32.1煤直接液化技术概论.....................................................................32.1.1煤直接液化的基本原理.......................................................32.1.2煤直接液化工艺介绍...........................................................32.1.3煤直接液化技术的发展.......................................................52.1.4煤炭直接液化典型工艺.......................................................62.2国外煤液化项目发展情况.............................................................92.2.1美国、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰、和菲律宾的情况.......92.3神华项目简介...............................................................................122.3.1项目背景介绍.....................................................................122.3.2神华煤直接项目介绍.........................................................132.3.3项目进展.............................................................................142.3.4神华集团发展煤直接液化的优势....................................162.4小结...............................................................................................17第3章神华煤直接液化工艺流程..........................................................183.1总加工流程...................................................................................183.1.1先期总加工流程简介.........................................................183.1.2一期总加工流程简介.........................................................203.2煤直接液化工艺特点...................................................................223.2.1采用悬浮床反应器，处理能力大，效率高.....................223.2.2催化剂制备单元.................................................................24-V-3.2.2采用T-star工艺对液化粗油进行精制..............................243.2.3加氢改质单元.....................................................................253.2.4重整抽提单元...............................................