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2002年广东省普通高等学校本科插班生考试英语试题PartIReadingComprehension(40%)PassageoneInLabrador,acountrysocoldthatmeatispreservedbyfreezingitoutdoors,ClarenceBirdseyecametonoticethatmeatwhichwasfrozenonthecoldestdayshadabetterflavorthanmeatfrozenatothertimes.Beingcurious,hestudiedpreservedmeatsunderthemicroscopeandfoundthatifmeatwerefrozenquicklyonaverycoldday,icecrystalsdidnothavetimetoformlongneedlesandthemeatcellswerenotdamaged.Birdseyebelievedthatifhecouldfreezeotherfoodsveryrapidly,thesamethingmighthappen.But,sincetherearenotmanydayswhenthetemperaturedrops40or45degreesbelowzero-eveninLabrador-somewayhadtobefoundtofreezethingsrapidlywithoutdependingontheweather.Rememberingthatsaltywatercangetverycoldwithoutfreezing,Birdseyeplacedsomecabbagesinsaltwaterandthenexposedthemtofreezingwinds.Thecabbagesfrozequickly.Later,Birdseyeinventedamachinetofreezefoodwhiletheywereveryfresh.Today,storessellagreatvarietyoffrozenfoods,andsomefoodsthatwereonceavailableonlyincertaindistrictsorinseasonarenowreadilyavailableinmostcommunities(社区)inanyseason.1.Tofreezefoodsquickly,Birdseyeexperimentedwith______.A.amicroscopeB.meatinsaltwaterC.meatinfreezingwindsD.cabbages2.Celldamageiscausedby______.A.saltywaterB.extremelylowtemperaturesC.outdoorfreezingmethodsD.needle-shapedicecrystals3.Birdseye’sprincipaldiscoveryregardingfoodpreservationwasthat______.A.rapidfreezingwouldreducecelldamageB.foodscouldbefrozenandpreservedforlateruseC.saltywatercangetverycoldwithoutfreezingD.meatmustbefrozenat45degreesbelowzero4.Later,Birdseyeinvented______.A.arefrigeratorB.amachinethatwouldfreezefoodsquicklyC.amachinethatwouldfreezefoodsslowlyD.theicebox5.Muchofthepopularityoftoday’sfrozenfoodsisduetothefactthat______.A.foodsmaybewidelydistributedB.diseasecanbeeliminatedC.everyAmericanhomehasadeep-freezeD.suchfoodsarenowconsideredluxuriesPassageTwoAstronomersinCaliforniahavespentthepastdecadedesigningarevolutionary,10-metertelescopewithfourtimesthe“seeingpower”ofanyfunctionalscopeonearth.Alltheyneededwasthemoneytomaketheprojectareality,andlastweektheygotit-a$70milliongranttotheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyandtheUniversityofCaliforniafromtheW.M.KeckFoundationofLosAngeles,establishedbythelatefounderoftheSuperiorOilCo.TheKeckObservatory,whichshouldbecompletedby1993,willbesetuponHawaii’sMannaKea.ItstelescopewillhaveamirrortwicethesizeoftheoneintheHaleTelescopeonMountPalomar,Calif.,nowthelargestintheUnitedStates.(TheSovietUnionhasasix-meterinstrumentbutAmericanexpertsmaintainithasneverworkedproperly.)And,saysHowardB.Keck,chairmanofthefoundation,“I’mtolditwillpermitonetoseethelightofasinglecandlefromthedistanceofthemoon.”DesignedatU.C.Berkelytocomplementthespacetelescopetobelaunchednextyearfromthespaceshuttle,theKecktelescopewillletastronomersseeobjects12billionlightyearsaway.Theywillbeabletoinvestigatethenatureofquasars(类星体)andexplorehowgalaxiesandstarsevolved.MarvinL.Goldberger,presidentofCaltech,saysitshouldhelp“provideanswerstothemostchallengingandbasicquestionsoftheuniverse.”6.AstronomersinCaliforniahavebeenworkingona10-metertelescopeforabout______.A.12yearsB.10yearsC.20yearsD.halfayear7.Thedesignhasn’tbecomearealityasyetowingto______.A.financialproblemsB.technologicaldifficultiesC.wide-spreaddisapprovalD.uncertainreliability8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?______.A.W.M.Keckpromises$70milliontotheproject.B.W.M.Keck.isnowpresidingovertheKeckFoundation.C.W.M.Keckestablishedafund,whichnowpromisesthegrant.D.W.M.KeckisnowtheowneroftheSuperiorOilCo.9.Inthesentence“…Americanexpertsmaintainithasneverworkedproperly”,theword“maintain”means______.A.remainB.retainC.proposeD.insist10.The10-metertelescopewasdesigned______.A.toseethelightofasinglecandlefromthemoonB.tobefittedintothenewspaceshuttleC.toinvestigatefartherintotheuniverseD.toseeobjects12billionmilesawayPassageThreeInordertolearntobeone’strueself,itisnecessarytoobtainawideandextensiveknowledgeofwhathasbeensaidanddoneintheworld;criticallytoinquireintoit;carefullytoponder(深思)overit;clearlytosiftit;andearnestlytocarryitout.Itmattersnotwhatyoulearn,butwhenyouoncelearnathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavemasteredit.Itmattersnotwhatyouinquireinto,butwhenyouinquireintoathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavethoroughlyunderstoodit.Itmattersnotwhatyoutrytothinkout,butwhenyouoncetrytothinkoutathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavegotwhatyouwant.Itmattersnotwhatyoutrytosiftout,butwhenyouoncetrytosiftoutathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavesifteditoutclearlyanddistinctly.Itmattersnotwhatyoutrytocarryout,butwhenyouoncetrytocarryoutathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavedoneitthoroughlyandwell.Ifanothermansucceedsbyoneeffort,youwilluseahundredefforts.Ifanothermansucceedsbytenefforts,youwilluseathousandefforts.11.Accordingtotheauthor,theultimatepurposeofstudyistolearnto______.A.beone’strueselfB.beaspecialistC.succeedinaprofessionD.becomewealthy12.Accordingtotheauthor,______.A.learningisunimportantB.knowledgeisunnecessaryC.thinkingisoftheleastimportanceD.itdoesn’tmatterwhatwelearn13.Thtendoflearningshouldb