FiveSentencePatterns1.Selfintroduction2.Speakinglesson3.Tutoringandpracticing•魏琴/Violet武当山WudangMountainFiveSentencePatterns1.Selfintroduction2.Speakinglesson3.Tutoringandpracticing•魏琴/VioletFiveSentencePatterns1.Selfintroduction2.Speakinglesson3.Tutoringandpracticing•魏琴/Violet预备知识SubjectObjectPredicativeVerbIndirectObjectIndirectObjectObjectcomplement英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型,掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型如下:基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型四:S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一S+V(主+谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词(Vi),后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。SVi(不及物动词)1.Time2.Themoon3.Theman4.Weall5.Everybody6.I7.They8.He9.He10.Theyflies.rose.cooked.eat,anddrink.laughed?woke.talked(forhalfanhour).walked(yesterday)isplayinghavegone基本句型二S+V+P(主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。系动词:SLinking-V系动词)P(表语)1.This2.Thedinner3.He4.Everything5.He6.Thebook7.Theweather8.HisfaceissmellsfelllooksisisbecameturnedanEnglishdictionary.good.happy.different.tallandstrong.interesting.warmer.red.基本句型三S+V+O(主+谓+宾)此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词(Vt)。SVt(实义动词)O(宾语)1.Who2.She3.He8.He5.They6.Danny7.I4.Heknowslaughatunderstandsmadeatelikeswantsaidtheanswer?her.English.cakes.someapples.donuts.tohaveacupoftea.Goodmorning.基本句型四S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。SV(及物)IO(多指人)DO(多指物)1.She2.She3.He4.He5.I6.I7.I8.Hepassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.基本句型五S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。SV(及物)O(宾语)C(宾补)1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ikeeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsawthetablethedoorsupperthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型,掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型四:S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)(二)•1.Theyworkhard.主+谓•2.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表•3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾•4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+直宾+间宾•5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补•6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.主+谓不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样,因此在学习动词时,应掌握动词的类型。以get为例:He'sgettingangry.(SVP)Hegotthroughthewindow.(SVO)You'llgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)Hegothimselfintotrouble.(SVOC)Hegotherasplendidpresent.(SVIODO)。•在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:•Ifoundthebookeasily.(SVOM)•我很容易地找到了这本书。•Ifoundthebookeasy.(SVOC)•我觉得这本书很容易。•简单句句型小结基本句型(basicsentencepatterns):英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:1)主+谓语(sv)例如:Iwork.我工作。2)主+系+表(svp)例如:Johnisbusy.约翰忙。3)主+谓语+宾(svo)例如:ShestudiesEnglish.她学英语。4)主+谓语+宾+补(svoc)例如:Timewouldprovemeright.时间会证明我是对的。5)主+谓语+间宾+直宾(svoiod)例如:Mymothermademeanewdress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。•Practicemakesperfect!•Exercise1Theboyisasleep.Theboyissleeping.主谓宾主谓Theboyisplayingtheguitar.Hismusicisverybeautiful.Itisbeautifulmusic.主系表Heisplayinghappily.判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的双重身份(连系动词/助动词)•Exercise2(1)Iworkhere(work为不及物动词)(2)WestudyEnglisheveryday.(study为及物动词,English为宾语)(3)Ishallworkhere.(shall和will为助动词)(4)Canyougivemesomepaper?(me是“间宾”,paper是“直宾”)(5)Ihaveworkedforthreehours.(have为助动词)(6)Wethinkitrighttohelpthepoor.(it是宾语,right是宾补)(7)Theteacherisfriendlytoallofus.(is是系动词,is之后为表语)(8)Hedidn’trestyesterday.(did为助动词)(9)MarkisourEnglishteacher.1.主谓结构2.主谓宾结构3.主谓结构4.主谓双宾结构5.主谓结构6.主谓宾宾补结构7.主系表结构8.主谓结构9.主系表结构