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Chapter4CulturalShock©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall2Topics•StagesofCulturalShock•AlleviatingCulturalShock•AspectsofCulturalShock•RelationshipsandFamilyConsiderations•PublicandPrivateSelf©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall3Culturalshockis•thetraumayouexperiencewhenyoumoveintoaculturedifferentfromyourhomeculture•frustrationsmayinclude-lackoffood-unacceptablestandardsofcleanliness-differentbathroomfacilities-fearforpersonalsafetyTopics©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall4Cultureshockincludes-hearingyesforno-havingtobargain-havinglaughterusedforanger©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall5OnherfirstdayofteachingatthelocaluniversityinLaPaz,Bolivia,KatherineMontagueofAtlanta,Georgia,askeddirectionstotheladies’room.Uponentering,sheobservedthreemalesusingurinalsandmadeahastyretreat.AfterherU.S.colleaguesexplainedthatallrestroomswereunisex,Katherinedecidedtotakeataxitoherhotel.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall6MajorSymptomsofCulturalShock•Homesickness•Boredom•Withdrawal(avoidingcontactwithhostnationals)•Needforexcessiveamountsofsleep•Compulsiveeating/drinking•Irritability•Exaggeratedcleanliness©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall7•Maritalstress•Familytensionandconflict•Chauvinisticexcesses•Stereotypingofhostnationals•Hostilitytowardhostnationals•Lossofabilitytoworkeffectively•Unexplainablefitsofweeping•Physicalailments(psychosomaticillnesses)©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall8AsiaShockhasfiveprogressivestages:•Frustrationwiththeculture,whichincludesthelanguage,food,andanexasperationwithlocalcustoms.•Unwillingnesstounderstandtherationalebehindthelocalwaysofdoingthings.•Ethnocentricity;U.S.personslabelAsiansasdishonestbecausetheysayonethinganddoanother;considerface-savingasdishonest.•Racism–useofunflatteringlabelsforAsians(Japs).•Avoidanceoftheculture;U.S.personsformclubsratherthaninterminglewithpeopleoftheculture.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall9StrategiesforCopingwithaNewCultureDuringShortVisits•Nonacceptanceofthehostculture;travelerbehavesashe/shewouldinthehomeculture.•Substitution-Thetravelerlearnstheappropriateresponses/behaviorsinthehostcultureandsubstitutestheseresponses/behaviorsfortheonesordinarilyusedinthehomeculture.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall10•Addition-Thepersonaddsthebehaviorofthehostculturewheninthepresenceofnationalsbutmaintainsthehomeculturebehaviorwithothersofthesameculture.•Synthesis-Integratesorcombineselementsofthetwocultures,suchascombiningU.S.dressandthatofthePhilippines.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall11•Resynthesis-Theintegrationofideasnotfoundineitherculture(U.S.travelertoChinachoosestoeatneitherAmericannorChinesefood,butprefersItalian).©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall12StagesofCulturalShockStage1:Excitementandfascinationwiththenewculture;thehoneymoonstage.Stage2:Crisisordisenchantmentperiod;excitementhasturnedtodisappointment.Stage3:Adjustmentphase;youbegintoacceptthenewculture,trynewfoods,seethehumorinsituations.Stage4:Acceptanceoradaptationphase;feelathomeinthenewcultureandbecomeinvolvedinactivitiesoftheculture.Stage5:Reentryshock;followsthestagesidentifiedearlier:initialeuphoria,crisisordisenchantment,adjustment,andadaptation.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall13U-CurveHoneymoonCrisisAdjustmentAcceptanceReentry©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall14W-Curve•TheoryofculturalshockthatexplainsthatreentryactuallytakestheformofasecondU-curve(thusforminga“W”)witharepetitionofthestagesexperiencedduringinitialadjustmenttotheforeignculture.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall15ProblemsRelatedtoReentryShock•Findinganewnicheinthecorporatestructureathome.•Adjustingtolowerstandardsofliving.•Problemsreestablishingpersonalandprofessionalrelationships.•Dealingwithreadjustmentproblemsofchildren,includingthedifferenceintheireducationalexperienceabroad.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall16Repatriation•Returneeexpectations—realisticpositions•Returneefeelingsofalienationandisolationcancausetrauma•Returneecanfeelculturaldissonancecausedby–personnelchanges–newcompanypoliciesandprocedures–differentperformancevaluationmethods–differentbenefitsandcompensation–differentjobresponsibilities©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall17ReplacetheGoldenRule(Dountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyou)withThePlatinumRule(Dountoothersastheywouldhavedoneuntothem).Toalleviateculturalshock,trytoseetheenvironmentfromtheperspectiveofthehostnationals.©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasPrenticeHall18AlleviatingCulturalShockbyCarefulSelectionofOverseasPersonnel•Sensitive,cooperative,abletocompromise•Opentoothers'opinions•Reactiontonewsituations;appreciationofculturaldifferences•Understandingofownvaluesandaware-nessofvaluesinothercultures•Reactiontocriticism•UnderstandingofU.S.governmentsystem•Abilitytodevelopcontactsinnewculture•Patienceandresiliency©2011PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasP