(通用版)2016高考英语二轮复习第一部分题型专题方略专题一阅读理解第三讲词义猜测题课堂达标训练

1词义猜测题A(2016·山东青岛高三联考)Iworkinanursinghomeandmyjobistotakecareoftheelderly.Thisyear,averysweetoldladythatIcaredfor,Alice,hadgonethroughadifficulttime.Shegotdementia_andsoshehadbeeninthehospitaltwice.InNovemberIwasfinallyabletogetherbacktoher“home”．AlicehadthoughtherdaughterwascomingtovisitheronChristmasDayandthattheyweregoingtohavethewholefamilytogetherliketheolddays.Whenshefinallyrealizedthatthathappymomentwasnotgoingtohappen,shewasverysad.KnowingthatherdaughterwascomingafterChristmaswasnotenoughtomakeherfeelhappy.Ihatedtheideaofherbeingaloneontheholiday!OnChristmasEve,Igaveherasurprisebyaskingifshewouldliketogotoacandlelightserviceatchurchthatnight.Insteadoftakinghertomychurch,Itookhertoheroldneighborhoodchurchwhereallherfriendswere.WegotthereearlyandIgotheraseatwhereherfriendscouldseeherastheycamein.Thensoonsomeofherfriendscametothechurchandtheyrushedovertogreetherandsitwithher.ThecandlelightservicewasbeautifulandAlicegotalotoflovefromheroldandnewfriendsthere.ThetruthofthestoryisthatIamtheonewhogotthebestgift:thesmileonAlice’sface.【解题导语】老人的女儿不能回来陪老人一起过圣诞节，作者便在平安夜带老人去有老人熟悉的朋友的老社区教堂，在那里，作者看到了老人脸上幸福的笑容，这也是作者得到的最好的礼物。1.Theunderlinedword“dementia”inParagraph2probablyis________．A．ahouseB．aletterC．anillnessD．aplan解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“andsoshehadbeeninthehospitaltwice”可推断，此处表示老人生病了，住了两次院，故选C项。2.WheredidAlicespendherChristmasEveaccordingtothestory?A．Inheroldhouse.B．Inheroldneighborhoodchurch.C．Inthenursinghome.D．Inthehospital.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的第一句“Insteadoftakinghertomychurch,Itookhertoheroldneighborhoodchurchwhereallherfriendswere”可知选B项。3．WhatwasthebestgiftthattheauthorgotonChristmasEve?A．Thecandlelightservice.B．PraisefromAlice’sfriends.2C．Alice’shappiness.D．ThanksfromAlice’sdaughter.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段“ThetruthofthestoryisthatIamtheonewhogotthebestgift:thesmileonAlice’sface”可知，作者得到的最好的礼物是Alice脸上的笑容，即她的快乐，故选C项。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．AspecialcandlelightChristmasEveB．ThedreamofalloldlonelyladiesC．MyspecialjobD．Thetruelove解析：选A。标题判断题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了个特别的烛光平安夜的故事，故选A项。B(2015·河北唐山市高三一模)Robotsperformingtasksaccordingtoapredeterminedsetofinstructionsarenothingnew.Butrobotsabletolearnhowtocookbywatchingvideosareacompletelydifferentapproach,whichisconductedbyagroupofresearchersattheUniversityofMaryland.IfyouhavepostedavideoofyourfavoriterecipeonthepopularwebsiteYouTube,chancesarethatitwillbeusedbyarobot.UniversityofMaryland’sprofessorYiannisAloimonos,leaderofthegroup,said“ThereexistsalargeamountofvideoinformationontheInternetthatourrobotscancapitalize_on．”“Atpresent,thevideosarefedelectronically，”saidresearchscientistCorneliaFermuller.“Originally，wetookourownvideos,ourcameraslookingatusdoingthecooking，”sheexplained.“And,astherobotadvances,itreactstogoodqualityvideos.Anditwillreacttoevenlowerqualityhome­madevideos.”Sofar,therobotnamedJuliacanmakeasimplesaladbybreakingeachtaskintobasicparts,suchasgraspingaspoon,bringingittothebowl,stirringthesaladandobservingtheresults.Butwhyteacharobothowtounderstandavideowhenitcaneasilyfollowafixedprogram?Aloimonosbelievespredeterminedinstructionslackflexibility.Hethinksoneoftheproblemsishowtomaketherobotunderstandandusewhatitlearnsduringacertaintask,theso­calledfeedback(反馈意见)；anotheristheintroductionoflanguage.“Ibelieveitwilltakequitesometimebeforetherobotsareabletounderstandmetaphorical(比喻性的)language，”headded.“But，”hesaid,“wedon’tneedthattocreateanewworldwheretherobotswillbeworkingforus.”【解题导语】机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。5．Theunderlinedphrase“capitalizeon”probablycanbereplacedby“________”．A．takeholdofB．makeuseofC．keeptrackofD．catchsightof解析：选B。词义猜测题。由第二段的第一句“IfyouhavepostedavideoofyourfavoriterecipeonthepopularwebsiteYouTube,chancesarethatitwillbeused3byarobot.”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息，结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalizeon应与“use”意思相近，因此选择B项。takeholdof“握住”；makeuseof“利用”；keeptrackof“与……保持联系”；catchsightof“看到”。6．Aloimonosprobablyagreesthatatpresenttherobot________．A．cannotfullydigestwhatitlearnsB．cannotmakeasimplesaladC．canfollowhome­madevideosD．canunderstandmetaphoricallanguage解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。7．Robotsaretaughttounderstandavideomainlybecause________．A．theycaneasilyfollowfixedprogramsB．theyaresmartenoughtolearncookingC．cookingvideosaremoreinterestingtowatchD．predeterminedinstructionsarenotflexible解析：选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句“Butwhyteacharobot...afixedprogram？Aloimonosbelievespredeterminedinstructionslackflexibility”可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。8．Whichofthefollowingmightbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．RobotsCreatingaNewWorldB．RobotsMakingCookingVideosC．RobotsLearningtoCookbyWatchingVideosD．RobotsPerformingTasksbyFollowingInstructions解析：选C。标题判断题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。