英语词根词缀

词根词缀整理1：常见的名词后缀（1）表示“人和物”-anAmericanhistorian-ianItalianCanadianpolitician-antassistantaccountantparticipant-entstudentpresidentresident-eeemployeetrainee-erwriterspeakerwaiter-oractorconductorsailor-esswaitresshostessactress-istsocialistnovelistscientistdentist（2）表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词•-abilitysuitabilityprobability•-ibilitypossibilityresponsibility•-agemarriageshortagecarriage•-alarrivalrefusalrevivalsurvival•-anceacceptanceimportancedistanceignorance•-encedependenceexistencedifferenceconference•-domfreedomwisdomseldom•-eryslaverybraverydiscoverymasteryrobbery•-hoodchildhoodadulthoodneighborhood•-ionquestionconstructionelectionconduction•-itioncompositioncompetition•-ationmodernizationcivilizationalteration•-ismpessimismoptimismsocialismMarxism•-mentmovementgovernmentencouragement•-nesskindnesscarelessness•-shipfriendshipleadershiprelationship•-ureexposurefailuremeasureleisurepleasure2：常见的动词后缀(1)表示“使（成为）”“使……化”•-atecirculatedecorateregulatealternate•-enstrengthenweakenbroadenwidenlighten•-ifyclassifysimplifyspecifyqualifycertify•-izerealizeorganizecriticizerecognize•-ishastonishcherishestablishfinishpunishpolishvanishaccomplishabolish3：常见形容词后缀•（1）表示“具有……性质的”•-alnationalculturalnatural•-anAmericanrepublican•-ianItalianCanadianChristian•-antpleasantresistantdistantconstant•-entdifferentconfidentexcellent•-arynecessaryimaginarycustomary•-orycompulsorycontradictory•-ateconsiderateconsiderable•sensiblesensitive•respectablerespectivefortunate•-eseChineseTaiwaneseCantonese•-icheroicpoeticeconomic•-sometroublesomehandsomequarrelsome(2)表示“充满或缺乏”-freeduty-freecare-freeworry-free-fulhopefulusefulwonderfulhelpful-lesshopelessuselessneedless-(i)ousdangerousvariousanxiousanxietyserious-yrainycloudydirtyhairytrendyfishy•（3）表示“类似”-ishchildishstylishgreenish-likechildlikebusinesslike-lybrotherlyfriendlydeadlydeathly(4)表示“主、被动意义-ablecomfortablelovablecapablebelievableportabledisable-ibleresponsiblesensiblevisible-iveactivepositivenegativepassivedecisiveextensiveexpensive•(5)表示“方向”•-warddownwardbackwardforwardwestwardeastwardupward4:常见的副词后缀•-lystronglysuccessfullyquickly•angrilyslowly•-ward(s)downwardseastwards•-wiseclockwiselikewiseotherwise=or常见的前缀•1：表示“否定或逆转”•de-defeatdefenddefinedeform•dis-disappeardisagreedisorderdisgust•in-incorrectinactiveincapable•inaccurateinconsiderate•il-illegalillogicalilliberal•im-impossibleimmatureimperfectimpatient•ir-irregularirrelevantirresponsible•mis-misusemisleadmisunderstanding•non-non-stopnonsensenon-violence•un-unhappyunluckyunpleasant2：表示“时间顺序”•ex-ex-presidentex-wifeex-husband•fore-foretellforeheadforeseeforecast•mid-middlemidfieldmidnightmidterm•post-post-warpostgraduatepostpone=defer•pre-prepareprepayprematurepredict•re-recallrepairrebuildrewritereconstruct3:表示“方向或位置”ex-exportexcludeexpelexertin-invadeincludeindicateindoorinfectim-importimmigrateimitateimpactimpairimpelinter-internationalinteractiveinterchangesub-subwaysubsequentsubstandardsubtitletele-telephonetelescopetelecommunicationtrans-transparenttransporttransplanttranslate4:表示“程度、大小或差别”macro-macroeconomicsmicro-microscopeMicrosoftmicro-ovenmini-minibusminiskirtminimumover-overworkoveruseoverhearsuper-supermarketsuperpowersuperbsuperstarunder-underdevelopedunderestimateunderlineunderminevice-vice-presidentvice-principal5：表示“数量”bi-bicyclebimonthlybilingualbilateralkilo-kilometerkilogramkilohertzkilowattmono-monolingualmonologuemonopolymulti-multiplemultimediamultifunctionalmultinationalsemi-semifinalsemiconductorsemiconscioustri-triangletricycletripletrilateraluni-unicycleuniqueuniversaluniformunilateral6：变换词类的前缀be-befriendbelittlebeheaden-enableendangerenjoyenlargeendearencourageenrichensureenforceem-embraceemployembitterembodyembezzle了解一些常见的词根1:audi=hearaudienceauditoriumaudibleaudition2:ced(cess)=goprecedeproceedprocesssuccessorsuccessiverecedeexceedexcess3:cept=takeexceptexceptionexceptionalacceptacceptanceacceptableinterceptreceptiondeceptionconceptconceptionreceptive4:circ=ringcircleencirclesemicirclecircularcirculatecirculationcircumstance5:clud(clus)=close,shutexcludeexclusiveincludeinclusiveconcludeconclusionsecludesecluded(decide,decisive,decision)6:cord=heartrecordrecorderconcordconcordantaccordaccordantdiscorddiscordant7:cred=believe,trustcreditcrediblediscreditincrediblecredulousincredulous8:cur(curs,cour)=runoccuroccurrencecurrentcurrencycourseconcurrecurrentrecur9:dict(dic)=saycontradictdictatepredictpredictionindicateindicationdictionary10:duc(duct)=leadeducateintroduceintroductionconductproductreducereductiondeduce11:fer=bring,carryconferenceconferdifferdifferentofferpreferpreferabletransferdefer12:fus=pourrefuserefusalconfuseconfusiontransfusetransfusion13:ject=throwprojectinjectrejectrejectioninterjectsubjectsubjectiveobjectobjectiveabjectadjectiveeject14:log=speakdialoguedialogapologyapologizemonologuelogic15:medi=middleimmediateimmediatelymediummultimediaintermediatemedievalMediterraneanmedicine16:memor=memorymemorymemorizememomemorablememorialcommemorateremembermisremember17:mini=small,littleminimu