搜索
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2006年PartOneInspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thisis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofconsumption“launchedbythe19th–centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered‘vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite.”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday’simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofpopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation------language,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish“well”or“verywell”aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasagraveyard”forlanguage.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivebefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.RodrigueznotthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundworldarefansofsuperstarslikeAmoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantlivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethinginAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica’sturbulentpast,today’ssocialinducessuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.1.Theword“homogenizing”（Line2,Paragraph1）mostprobablymeans___A.identifyingB.associatingC.assimilatingD.monopolizing2.Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury___A.playedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture.B.becameintimateshopsforcommonconsumers.C.satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeableelite.D.oweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption.3.ThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowintheU.S.___A.areresistanttohomogenization.B.exertagreatinfluenceonAmericanculture.C.arehardlyathreattothecommonculture.D.constitutethemajorityofthepopulation.4.WhyareAmoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraph5?A.Toprovetheirpopularityaroundtheworld.B.Torevealthepublic’sfearofimmigrants.C.Togiveexamplesofsuccessfulimmigrants.D.ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanculture.5.Intheauthor’sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyisA.rewardingB.SuccessfulC.fruitlessD.harmfulUnit13（2006）Part1重点词汇：1.uniformityn.一样，一致；统一性；（相关词）uniforma.相同的，统一标准的；beuniformwith与……同一形式或外貌2.casualnessn.偶然，意外；草率行事；漫不经心；平心静气3.array①n.排列；一批，大量；显眼的一系列②vt.排列，制定（计划等）：arrayoneself装扮，打扮自己、搭配vastarraysof大批的，大量的4.knowledgeablea.有知识的，学识渊博的，有见识的5.amazev.使（某人）惊异或惊奇6.intimatea.密切的，亲密的7.caterv.=providefoodandservice提供饮食及服务;搭配caterfor（或to）提供饮食及服务，迎合（某人）8.eliten.精英，尖子9.elevatevt.提升，抬起，振作精神；使（人）欢欣鼓舞；提高（思想、道德品质、文化素质等）。例：Goodbooksmayelevatethemind.好书可以提高思想修养。搭配elevateto提升为，提拔至。10.unprecedenteda.前所未有的，空前的，无前例的11.assimilationn.吸收，（社会/民族的）同化；文化的吸收（相关词）assimilate...into使同化；被同化；融合到……中去；assimilate...to使（某人）相似；使相同/一模一样；assimilatewith同化；与……融为一体；assimilativea.同化的，引起同化作用的resistant（+to）对……有抵抗力的；耐……的；抗……的；防……的12.proficient（+in）①a.熟练的；精通的②n.专家；能手13.intermarriagen.异族通婚；近亲结婚相关词intermarrywith与……通婚graveyardn.教堂墓地；公墓；垃圾场；政治上发展的终点14.immune（+to）a.phr.有免疫力的，不易感染的15.divisivea.引起分歧的，导致分裂的例：divisiveissues引起分歧的重要问题相关词divisionn.①=separationordistribution分开；分配②=disagreement;lackofUnity分歧；分裂16.turbulenta.=violent;disorderly;uncontrolled;stormy骚动的，骚乱的，汹涌的，狂暴的，无序的相关词turbulence*波动，旋流deterioratev.变坏，变质，恶化17.homogenizev.使均匀，使均质（makethesamethroughout）相关词homogeneousa.=similar;alike同性质的，同类的homogenization（趋）同化Hispanic①a.西班牙和葡萄牙的；说西班牙语国家的②n.拉丁美洲人；西班牙裔人18.democratizevt.使（某事）民主化相关词①democracy民主,民主制②democratica.民主的,有民主精神的19.bilinguala.会双语的，双语的，搭配bilingualeducation双语教学superstar*n.超级明星，巨星seethinga.生气的，发怒的试题解析：1【正确答案】［C］assimilating【测试要点】词汇识别题。【试题解析】根据原文首句的上下文就能确定答案是［C］，因为原文首句开始的inspiteof表示转折关系，就是说homogenizing与前面的difference在上下文中构成反义词，在四个选项中能与difference构成反义词的只有assimilate。当然从后文也能看出文章中的考点词assimilate是homogenizing的同义词。有的同学根据词根homo表示“相同”的意思选［C］也是对的。另外，37题的bummer根据上文的对于“不幸”的描写，也能选到［B］“令人不快的”。2【正确答案】［A］playedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture.【测试要点】细节判断题。【试题解析】这是一道细节题，根据其中的关键词dePartmentstoresofthe19thcentury定位一段，再根据原文排除可以推出［A］是对的。注意［D］颠倒了因果关系。3【正确答案】［C］arehardlyathreattothecommonculture.【测试要点】语意推断题。【试题解析】这是一道简单的推理题。问题问文中暗示现在美国的移民如何？2段首句的特殊结构not...but就告诉了我们现在美国移民的特点：能融入共同文化（commonculture），表达这一意思的选