英译汉理论与实践

英译汉理论与实践练习参考答案程永生说明此次更新，为《英译汉译论与实践练习及参考答案》制作了全部课件，但为网络空间计，这里仅为每章提供两道练习和两个参考答案。目录第一章英美时文选段汉译第二章美国总统就职演说选段汉译第三章英国名家演说选段汉译第四章英美小说选段汉译第五章美国文学史选段汉译第六章国外翻译理论著作选段汉译第一章英美时文选段汉译Exercises1—2Exercise1:Theyconsideredthatsuchworkisofparticularrelevanceinhelpingdevelopingcountries,inparticulargovernmentsandSMEs,tobetterunderstandandparticipateinprocessesunderwayinotherintergovernmentalorganizationsdealingwithtelecommunicationsandtheirtradeapplications,inparticulartheInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionandWorldTradeOrganization.Analysisandtranslation:1Analysisoftheoriginal2Stagedtranslation1Analysisoftheoriginal:1)Grammaticalanalysis2)Stylisticanalysis1)Grammaticalanalysis:(1)Sentencestructure(2)Additionalcomplication(1)Sentencestructure:Theselectionconsistsofasinglecomplexsentence,composedofamainclauseandanobjectclause.(2)Additionalcomplication:Inthesentence,inparticulargovernmentsandSMEsisembeddedasaparenthesis;attheendofthesentence,inparticulartheInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionandWorldTradeOrganizationisalsoembeddedasaparenthesis.2)Stylisticanalysis:(1)Periodicity(2)Structuralcomplication(3)Parallelstructure(4)Cohesivedevice(5)Structuralandlexicalformality(1)Periodicity:Theselectionisperiodicinstructurefortheembeddingoftheparentheses,especiallytheoneinthemiddleofthesentence.(2)Structuralcomplication:Theselectionisstructurallycomplicatedforthefactthatitiscomposedofacomplexsentencewithtwoparentheticstructuresembedded.(3)Parallelstructure:Intheselection,parallelstructuresarefrequentlyused,forexample,governmentsandSMEs;tobetterunderstandandparticipate;telecommunicationsandtheirtradeapplications;theInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionandWorldTradeOrganization;inotherintergovernmentalorganizationsdealingwithtelecommunicationsandtheirtradeapplications,andinparticulartheInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionandWorldTradeOrganization.(4)Cohesivedevice:Theselectioniscoherentthankstotheuseofthefollowingcohesivedevices:structurally,parallelstructuresarefrequentlyused;lexically,particular,organization,telecommunications,andothersarerepeatedlyused;governmentisusedasapartialrepetitionforintergovernmental,thoughofdifferentcategories;andinparticularisrepeated.(5)Structuralandlexicalformality:Theselectionisstructurallyformalinthatthesentencetheselectioniscomposedofisgrammaticallycompleteandfreefromcolloquialstructures;itislexicallyformalinthatintheselection,formalwords,includingnominalizations,arefrequentlyused,forexample,consider,particular,relevance,developing,country,government,understand,participate,telecommunications,andothers.2Stagedtranslation:1)Translation1withcomments2)Translation2withcomments3)Translation3withcomments1)Translation1他们认为，这样的工作在帮助发展中国家，尤其在帮助政府和中小企业，关系甚为密切，以更好地理解并参与到正在进行的过程中去，参与到其他政府间的组织中去，应付通讯和电讯的贸易应用，尤其在国际电讯联盟和世界贸易组织中。Comments:Thetranslation,producedbyfollowingtheoriginalstrictly,hasmissedsomeimportantrelationsconcernedwiththefactthattheInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionandWorldTradeOrganizationisamongotherintergovernmentalorganizations,which,includingITUandWTO,aredealingwithtelecommunicationsandtheirtradeapplications,asrevealedinthegrammaticalanalysis.2)Translation2他们认为，这种工作对帮助发展中国家，尤其对帮助政府和中小企业，关系尤为密切，以便它们更好地理解并参与到其他政府间的组织正在着手进行的电讯及其在贸易中的应用的进程中去，特别要参与到国际电讯联盟和世贸组织中的活动中去。Comments:Withthewordingsreorganized,thepresenttranslationhascaughttheimportantrelationsasdiscussedabove.However,活动inthelastlineremainsincongruousinthecontext.3)Translation3:他们认为，此项工作对帮助发展中国家关系重大，尤其对政府和中小企业。其他政府间的组织，尤其是世界电讯联盟和世贸组织，正在研究电讯和电讯在贸易中的应用，让发展中国家了解这些进程，参与到这些进程中去，尤为重要。Comments:Thepresenttranslationisreorganizedagain,andtoalargeextent,irrespectiveoftheoriginalstructures.Consequently,itsoundsmorelogic,coherent,authenticandreadableeitherlocallyortakingthetextasawhole.ThisexampleshowsthatEnglishtextualizationmuchdependsongrammaticalpatterningwhileChinesetextualizationmuchdependsonlogicsequencing.Exercise2:ThemeetingconsideredthattherecommendationsmadebytheUnitedNationsInternationalSymposiumonTradeEfficiencyinthesectoroftelecommunicationsremainavalidbasisforthecontinuationofintergovernmentalactivitiesintheareaofthetelecommunications,businessfacilitationandtradeefficiency.TheexpertsunderlinedthatUNCTADshouldpursueitsworkinthisareabycomplementingUNISTErecommendationsthroughtheconsiderationofanumberofrecenttrendsandevents,whichhavebeenandwillcontinuetobeofcriticalimportanceforthecompetitivenessofenterprises,especiallysmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,intheyearstocome.Analysisandtranslation:1Analysisoftheoriginal2Stagedtranslation1Analysisoftheoriginal:1)Grammaticalanalysis2)Stylisticanalysis1)Grammaticalanalysis:(1)Sentencestructure(2)Additionalcomplication(1)Sentencestructure:Theselectionconsistsoftwosentences,ofwhichthefirstisacomplexsentence,containingamainclauseandanobjectclause,insubjunctivemood;andthesecondsentenceissimilarlyacomplexsentence,containingamainclauseandanobjectclause,alsoinsubjunctivemood,withanattributiveclausefurtherembedded.(2)Additionalcomplication:Intheattributiveclauseintheo