Longfellow

1HenryWadsworthLongfellow(1807-1882)HenryWadsworthLongfellow(1807—1872)2ThemostbelovedAmericanpoetofthe19thcentury3HonorsandReputationHewasthefirstAmericanpoettogainafavorableinternationalreputation.Hewasgivenaprivateaudience会见byQueenVictoria.Thepoet's70thbirthdayin1877wascelebratedaroundthecountry.4HisWorksVoicesoftheNight《夜吟》BalladsandOtherPoems《歌谣及其他》Evangeline《伊凡杰林》TheSongofHiawatha[haiə'wɔθə]《海伊华莎之歌》5Ishotanarrow…我射出一支箭……6Ishotanarrowintotheair,我把一支箭射向空中ItfelltoearthIknewnotwhere;不知它落在何方Forsoswiftlyitflewthesight飞得那么快Couldnotfollowitinitsflight飞行.眼睛难以追寻它的方向7Ibreathedasongintotheair,我对着天空轻轻唱歌ItfelltoearthIknewnotwhere;不知它消逝在何方Forwhohasthesightsokeenandstrong谁的眼光能如此敏锐犀利Thatcanfollowtheflightofasong.能跟上歌声的翅膀8Long,longafterwardsinanoak,很久很久以后，在一棵橡树上Ifoundthearrowstillunbroke完整的;我找到了那支箭，仍未折断Andthesong,frombeginningtoend,也发现了那支歌，自始自终Ifoundagainintheheartofafriend.在朋友的心中欢唱9AnalysisWhenheshotanarrowandbreathedasongintotheair,hedidnotexpecttofindthemanymore.Butmanyyearslater,hecameacrosswiththearrowandfoundthathissongwasalwaysintheheartofhisfriend.Thissuggeststhatthefriendshipiseverlasting.10iambictetrameter四步抑扬格抑扬格的四部的[te’træmitə]Ishot/anarrow/into/theair,Itfell/toearth/Iknew/notwhere;Forso/swiftly/itflew/thesightCouldnot/follow/itin/itsflight.Thispoemiswritteninatraditionaliambicformwiththefeet“aabbaaccddee”.Meter11ThemeInthepoem,Longfellowsingsthefriendshipimplicitlyandskillfully.Thearrowandthesonginthispoemstandforthefriendship.12将进酒InvitationToWine---李白LiBai君不见，黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回。DoyounotseetheYellowRivercomefromthesky,Rushingintotheseaandne’ercomeback?君不见，高堂明镜悲白发，朝如青丝暮成雪！DoyounotseethemirrorbrightinchamberhighGrieveo’eryoursnow-whitehairthatoncewassilkenback?13人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。Whenhopesarewon,oh,drinkyourfillinhighdelightAndneverleaveyourwinecupemptyinmoonlight!天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来。Heavenhasmadeustalents;we’renotmadeinvain.Athousandgoldcoinsspent,morewillturnupagain.14烹羊宰牛且为乐，会须一饮三百杯。Killacow,cookasheepandletusmerrybe,Anddrinkthreehundredcupfulsofwineinhighglee!岑夫子，丹丘生，将进酒，杯莫停。Dearfriendsofmine,Cheerup,cheerup!Iinviteyoutowine.Donotputdownyourcup!与君歌一曲，请君为我倾耳听。Iwillsingyouasong,pleasehear,Ohear!Lendmeawillingear!15钟鼓馔玉不足贵，但愿长醉不复醒。Whatdifferencewillrareandcostlydishesmake?Iwantonlytogetdrunkandne’ertowake.古来圣贤皆寂寞，惟有饮者留其名。Howmanygreatmenwereforgottenthroughtheages?Greatdrinkersarebetterknownthansobersages.16陈王昔时宴平乐，斗酒十千恣欢谑。ThePrinceofPoetsfeastedinhispalaceatwill,Drankwineattenthousandcoinsacaskandlaughedhisfill.主人何为言少钱，径须沽取对君酌。Ahostshouldnotcomplainofmoneyheisshort;Todrinktogetherwe’dsellthingsofanysort.17五花马、千金裘，呼儿将出换美酒，与尔同销万古愁！ThefurcoatworthathousandcoinsofgoldAndflower-dappledhorsemaybothbesoldTobuygoodwinethatwemaydrownthewoesage-old18APsalmofLife人生颂[sɑ:m]圣歌19BackgroundItisthefirstEnglishpoemtranslatedintoChinese.Thepoemwaswrittenin1838whenLongfellowwasstruckwithgreatdismay:hiswifediedin1835,andhiscourtshipofayoungwomanwasunrequited[ˌʌnri'kwaitid]得不到回应的.However,despiteallthefrustrations,Longfellowtriedtoencouragehimselfbywritingapieceofoptimisticword.201Tellmenot,inmornfulnumbers节拍,不要在哀伤的诗句里告诉我：Lifeisbutanemptydream!“人生不过是一场幻梦！”Forthesoulisdeadthatslumbers睡眠,因为灵魂睡着了，就等于死了，Andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.事物的真相与外表不同。211君勿消沉与我言：人生如梦空辗转！精神不振何异无，且勿世事表面看。莫唱伤感调：梦幻是人生！须知灵魂睡，所见本非真。221Inthisopeningstanza,Longfellowdeclareshimselftobeabelieverinlifehereafter来世.232Lifeisreal!Lifeisearnest!人生是真切的！人生是实在的！Andthegraveisnotitsgoal;它的归宿决不是荒坟；Dustthouart,todustreturnest,“你本是尘土，必归于尘土”，Wasnotspokenofthesoul.这是指躯壳，不是指灵魂。242人生真实亦严肃，岂能碌碌入坟墓？尘土之身终化尘，所不化者汝精神。生命真而诚！坟墓非止境；生死皆垢尘，岂是指灵魂。252Thesecondstanzacontinueswiththesamebeliefinafterlifethatispresentinthefirst.Longfellowstatesthisclearlywhenhewrites,Andthegraveisnotitsgoal.Itmeansthatlifedoesn'tendforpeoplesimplybecausetheydie;thereisalwayssomethingmoretobehopefulandoptimisticfor.263Notenjoyment,andnotsorrow,我们命定的目标和道路Isourdestined命中注定的endorway;不是享乐，也不是受苦；Buttoact,thateachto-morrow而是行动，在每个明天Findusfartherthanto-day.都超越今天，跨出新步。273享乐受苦非天定，何去何从由自己。要在笃行与恒行，明日进步于今日。逸乐与忧伤，均非天行健；君子当自强，翌日胜今天。283Longfellowbeginsdiscussinghowhumansmustlivetheirlivesinconstantanticipationforthenextdayunderthebeliefthatitwillbebetterthaneachdaybeforeit:Buttoactthateachto-morrow/Findusfartherthanto-day.294Artislong,andTimeisfleeting,智艺无穷，时光飞逝；Andourhearts,thoughstout顽强的andbrave,这颗心，纵然勇敢坚强，Still,likemuffled捂住drums,arebeating也只如那鼓，闷声敲动着，Funeralmarches葬礼进行曲tothegrave.一下又一下，向坟地送丧。304艺术乃为长久计，奈何光阴飞逝去！心虽强健且踊跃，已始开奏送葬曲。如鼓被蒙音沉闷，敲敲打打送坟茔。光阴似白驹，学艺垂千秋；雄心如闷鼓，葬曲伴荒丘。314Inthisstanza,Longfellowassertsthatthereisneveraninfiniteamountoftimetolive,butartthatiscreatedduringone'slifecanbepreservedindefinitelyandliveonlongafteritscreatordies.325Intheworld'sbroadfieldofbattle,世界是一片辽阔的战场，Inthebivouac['bivuæk]露营oflife,人生是到处扎寨安营；Benotlikedumb,drivencattle!莫学那听人驱策的哑畜，Beaherointhestrife!奋斗,努力做一个威武善战的英雄！335浩浩世界如战场，人生匆匆如宿营。莫作牛马忍吞声，任人驱使究可悯。叱咤风云搏激流，是则名为真英雄。世界一战场，人生一军营；莫效牛马走，奋发斯英雄！345Inthisstanza,Longfellowlikenslivingintheworldtofightingonahugefieldofbattle.Hebelievesthatpeopleshouldleadheroicandcourageous