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虚拟语气一往前退一个时态：表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成式…简单的归纳时间If条件从句主句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反1.用于if条件状语从句中:did/werewould/should/could/might+dohaddonewould/should/could/might+havedone1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.did/werewould/should/could/might+do=evenif/thoughevenif/eventhough=if条件IwillvisityoutonighteventhoughIamill.即使他在这他也帮不了你(他不在这）Eventhoughhewerehere,hecouldn’thelpyou.即使我当时做的更好，他也不会表扬我EventhoughIhaddonebetterthen,hewouldn'thavepraisedme（1）介词短语without/with/butfor构成虚拟。(butfor要不是)•Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.•Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework•Withalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyanexpensivehouse.（2）or,otherwise否则，要不然but…Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词)Iwouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Ifhehadn’ttelephonedto…IfIhadn’tbeentoobusy2虚拟语气在wish/ifonly后的宾语从句中应用时间从句与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反haddone与将来事实相反would/could/might+doasif/though+从句Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherson.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.3wouldrather(that)-现在：过去：未来：•Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.(现在)•Iwouldratheryouhadgoneyesterday.(过去)•Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.(未来)diddidhaddone4It’s(high/about)time(that)该…结构虚拟should(不省）+V.过去时我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.二表示说话人的要求、建议、命令时，常用(should)do表示虚拟形式名词性从句的虚拟语气。(should）+do虚拟式1.宾语从句。常见动词：一个安排：arrange两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose六个要求：require,request,demand,desirepreferinsistThekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.Tom’spalefacesuggeststhathe_____(be）ill，sowesuggestthathe_________(have)agoodrest.Thebossinsistedthathe_______(steal)thingsintheshopandthathe__________(leave)theshopatonce.isshouldhavestoleshouldleave2以上动词的过去分词用于主语从句中Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted…that+(should)doIt’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.3、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样(should)+do虚拟式。order,command,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,desire•It’smyadvice\suggestionthattheplanbecarriedout.•Mydemand\requirementisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.4）It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that…Itisapity/shame/nowonderthat…从句中的动词可用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形(表示惊奇，惋惜，理应如此等口气）1.Itisstrangethatshe(should)eatsomuch.2.It’sapitythatweshouldquitthegame.3Itisnecessarythatyoushouldrecitethenewwordsintime（5）Incaseshould+do•Iwillcarryanumbrellaincaseitshouldrain.三情态动词+havedone虚拟式•表对过去的事虚拟•Should/shouldn’thavedone•=oughttohavedone/oughtn’ttohavedoneneed/needn’thavedoneWouldhavedone•Couldhavedone•表对过去的推测•Couldn’t/can’thavedone•Musthavedone•Might/mayhavedoneMr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.Youneedn’thaveboughtthefood,Ihaveboughtsomejustnow.