虚拟6171836875

虚拟语气虚拟语气是英文中一特殊的语言现象，主要用于表达与事实相反的陈述，常表达强烈愿望、遗憾、感慨、后悔、责备、规劝等语义.真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是如果的意思。时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will+动词原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.非真实条件句基本类型(1)一、对现在事实的虚拟基本形式：If+were/did等过式…,…would/could/should/might+doE.g.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflytothemoon.IwouldcertainlygoifIhadthetime.非真实条件句基本类型(2)二、对过去事实的虚拟基本形式：If+haddone…,…would/could/should/might+havedoneE.g.Ifshehadbeenwarnedearlier,shewouldn't'thavebrokentherules.Ifithadn'trained,thematchwouldhaveseemedmorefascinating.非真实条件句基本类型(3)三、对将来事实的虚拟基本形式：If+shoulddo…,…would/could/should/might+do;were+to+v（可能性极小）,意思类似汉语中的万一E.g.Ifheshouldforgetthedate,Imightteachhimagoodlesson.Ifitshouldsnowthisafternoon,wecouldmakeasnowman.虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.混合虚拟语气主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。E.g.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you_________now.A)wouldn’tbesmilingB)couldn’thavesmiledC)won’tsmileD)didn’tsmile注：混合虚拟语气首先判断是否是虚拟语气；如果是虚拟语气的话，见到now就是混合虚拟语气Exercises________beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.A)HadtheyarrivedB)WouldtheyarriveC)WeretheyarrivingD)Weretheytoarrive注：条件部分省略了if用了倒装。Jeandoesn’twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_________ajobsheprobablywouldn’tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.A)hastogetB)weretogetC)hadgotD)couldhavegot_________rightnow,shewouldgetthereonSunday.A)WouldsheleaveB)IfsheleavesC)WereshetoleaveD)IfshehadleftWedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_________him.A)hadtelephonedB)musthavetelephonedC)wouldtelephonD)wouldhavetelephoned用在含蓄条件句中这种用法也常见于or,orelse,otherwise和but后面的分句中。例如：1）Withoutmusic,theworldwouldbeadullplace.2）Butforyourhelp,wewouldhavefailed.3）Shewouldhavegonewithus,butshedidn’thavetime.4）Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhewouldhavebeenherethen.InyourpositionIwouldkillmyself.=IfIwereinyourposition...用在wish后的宾语从句中这种句子主要表示愿望，that常省略。若指现在或将来的愿望，从句用过去时；若指过去没有实现的愿望，从句用过去完成时。例如：1）IwishIhadlearnedtoplaychess.（与过去事实相反）2）IwishIrememberedhisaddress.（与现在事实相反）3）Iwishhewouldtryagain.（对将来情况的假设）•SometimesIwishI______inadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.A)belivingB)werelivingC)wouldliveD)wouldhavelived•IwishI_________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A)havesleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)couldhaveslept用在ifonly感叹句中1）IfonlyIknewwhatyouwanted.2）Ifonlyyouhadn’ttoldhimwhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.Ifonlythecommittee__theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.A)approveB)willapproveC)canapproveD)wouldapprove如果ifonly后面的句子表示与现在或将来的事实相反，这时谓语动词用一般过去时，也可以用would+动词原形。•onlyif表示只有；ifonly则表示如果……就好了。Ifonly也可用于陈述语气E.g.Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.asif(asthough)引出的方式状语从句中1）Theoldcouplelovedtheorphanasifshehadbeentheirdaughter.2）Itseemsasifitwerespring.It’s(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_________thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A)realizedB)haverealizedC)realizeD)shouldrealizeWouldrather1.wouldrather加宾从时用一般过去时表示虚拟I’dratheryou_______makeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.A)don’tB)wouldn‘tC)didn’tD)shouldn’tI’dratheryou_______makeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.A)don’tB)wouldn‘tC)didn’tD)shouldn’twouldrather加动词（原形）时表示宁愿，相当于情态动词。Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.•Youdon’thavetobeinsuchahurry,Iwouldratheryou_______onbusinessfirst.A)wouldgoB)willgoC)wentD)havegone•It’salready5o’clocknow.Don’tyouthinkit’sabouttime________?A)wearegoinghomeB)wegohomeC)wewenthomeD)wecangohome•Tobefrank,I’dratheryou________inthecase.A)willnotbeinvolvedB)notinvolvedC)nottobeinvolvedD)werenotinvolved用固定的情态动词,形容词，名词来表示的虚拟语气（should)require命令；request要求；reticent沉默的；retinue随从innocent无辜的；天真的IDROPCAPS:insist,demand/desirerequire/requestorderproposecommandadviseprefersuggestE.g.Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Wethinkitadvisablethathe(should)thinkdeeplybeforeacting.判断改错:Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.You_______himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.A)shouldn'tfollowB)mustn'tfollowC)couldn'thavebeenfollowingD)shouldn'thavebeenfollowingThesuggestionthatthemayor_______theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.A)wouldpresentB)presentC)presentsD)oughttopresent注：suggest+that虚拟语气表建议should可以省略suggestdoingsuggest表明，不接虚拟Themanagerofthehotelrequeststhattheirguests_________after11:00p.m.A)nottoplayloudmusicB)shouldn’tplayloudmusicC)don’tplayloudmusicD)couldn’tplayloudmusicHesuggested_________totomorrow’sexhibitiontogether.A)ustogoB)wewentC)weshallgoD)wegoIdon’tthinkitadvisablethatTim_________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A)beassignedB)willbeassignedC)isassignedD)hasbeenass