搜索
Unit3UnderstandingeachotherGrammarandusageTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish!Revision&Lead-inIfyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago,youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout.要是你在10分钟前进入聊天室的话,你就知道我们在谈些什么了.IfIgotmarriedintheUK,Iwouldexpectapresent.如果我在英国结婚,我会得到客人的礼物.ShouldyoucometoBrunei,youwouldhavetotakeoffyourshoesbeforegoingintosomeone’shouse.如果你来到了文莱,你进别人家门之前得脱鞋.在英语中随着说话人意图的不同，动词需用不同的形式，称为语气。英语语气有三种：语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.1.陈述语气用来叙述事实或提出疑问.广泛用于陈述句,疑问句,感叹句E.g.:Iwillcometomorrow.2.祈使语气是说话人用来向对方下达命令,指示提出要求,劝告等所用的动词形式.主要用于祈使句.E.g.;Don’twriteinyourbook.3.虚拟语气虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象，一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学习虚拟语气时，常常会叹道：Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English______mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.虚拟语气的定义关键是什么与事实相反！1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装5.与含蓄条件句6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定考点难点错综时间条件句Unrealconditionalsstateaconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorisimaginary.Unrealconditionals一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weuseunrealconditionalstostateapresentconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorisimaginary.E.g.IfIgotmarriedintheUK,Iwouldexpectapresent.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weformunrealpresentconditionalslikethis:If…was/were/did…,…would/could/mightdo…1.假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。IfIhadmoretime，IwouldstudyGerman.2.要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼.IfIwere/wasyoungasyou,Iwouldfindtimetoexercise.Practice:一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法IfIweren’taddictedtoQQgames,Iwouldmakegreaterprogressinmystudies.WhatwouldhappenifyouwerenotaddictedtoQQgame?一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Wealsouseunrealconditionalstorefertoanimaginarypastaction.E.g.Ifyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago,youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weformunrealpastconditionalslikethis:If…hadbeen/done…,…would/could/mighthavedone…1)如果他抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.2)如果你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。Ifyouhadtoldhimyesterday,hemighthavemadesomesuggestions.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法IfI___________busylastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegone一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Ifhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.wouldnothavehadhaddriven一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weuseunrealfutureconditionalstotalkaboutimaginaryfuturesituations.1)IfIhadtimetomorrow,Iwouldcertainlyhelpyou.2)IfIweretofailmyMathstest,Iwouldhavetotakeitagainattheendoftheterm.3)Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.E.g.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weformunrealfutureconditionalslikethis:If…was/were/did/should/wereto…,…would/should/mightdo…Practice:1)假如我要出国，我就会去法国。IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoFrance.2)万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。Ifitshouldraintomorrow,oursportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Mark:100Ifyougot/weretoget/shouldgetafullmarknexttime,Iwouldtreatyoutoawonderfulperformance.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法1)Would,couldandmightareofteninterchangeable,butwithsomedifferencesinmeaning.would→intention;plancould→ability;possibilitymight→probability2)InwrittenEnglishorinformalsituation,weusuallyusewereinIf-clausesinplaceofwas.However,ineverydayconversation,wasisoftenused.TIPS一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did（were）haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone1.did2.should+do3.weretodowould/could/should/might+do一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装5.与含蓄条件句6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定考点难点错综时间条件句Wecanalsoputshould,wereandhadatthebeginningofanunrealconditionalsentence.Inthiscase,ifisnotneededanymore.Pleaserewritethesentences:E.g.1)Ifyoushouldmakeamistake,youshouldnotbeembarrassed.→Shouldyoumakeamistake,youshouldnotbeembarrassed.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装2)Ifyouhadtoldmeearlier,Iwouldnothavethisproblemnow.→Hadyoutoldmeearlier,Iwouldnothavethisproblemnow.3)Ifyouweretotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.→Wereyoutotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装条件句中虚拟语气的倒装TIPS注意:如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式.我们可以说:Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.但是不能说:Weren’titfor…E.g.____she____yesterday,shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday.A.Hadn’t;leftB.Had;notleftC.If;didn’tleaveD.Didn’t;leave当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。错综时间条件句1.Iftheflowerhadbeenwatered,it______now.A.wouldn’tdieB.isdeadC.hadbeendeadD.willnotdie2.Ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday,he______TVnow.A.wouldwatchB.wouldhavewatchedC.wouldbewatchingD.iswatching错综时间条件句Ifyou________(study)hardbefore,you_______(be)acollegestudentnowandyou__________(graduate)fromacollegeinfours’time.hadstudiedwouldbewouldgraduateMorepracticeFillintheblankswiththeverbsgiveninthebracketsintheirproperforms.1.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe_________(drive)inturn,you________________(notget)sotired.2.________it__________(notbe)foryourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadeanyprogress.haddrivenwouldn’thavegotHadnotbeen3.——HasMrSmithrecoverednow?——Yes.Who__________________(think)thatsuchaseriousillnesscouldbecured?4.______________it_____________(rain)tomorrow,thematchwouldbecalledoff.wouldhavethoughtWere/Shouldtorain/rain5.MostofthestudentsfeltratherdisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaidthatit______________(organize)better.6.Jeandoesn’twan