1人教版英语八年级下册第一单元知识点Unit1What’sthematter?【单词】matter/'mætə/n.问题;事情What’sthematter(withsb.)?怎么啦?出什么事情了?询问有什么病或遇到什么麻烦、问题sore/sɔ:/adj.疼痛的,酸痛的;恼怒的--haveasoreback后背痛--sorethroat咽喉痛n.溃疡,痛处;恨事pressuresore褥疮,sorespot伤疤,痛处;伤心事,旧疮疤stomachache['stʌməkeɪk]n.胃痛;腹痛stomach/'stʌmək/n.胃;腹部foot/fʊt/n.脚;足pl.feet--onfoot步行;在进行中--atthefootof在…(山)脚下;在…的下部neck/nek/n.颈;脖子--necklace项链--necktie领带--neckandneck(withsb.)(与…)并驾齐驱,不分上下throat/θrəʊt/n.咽喉;喉咙fever/'fi:və/n.发烧haveafever发烧lie/laɪ/--vi.躺,平躺;位于,存在liedown躺下--vi.说谎,作为不及物动词的变化:p.pr--lying,pt--lied,pp—lied--vt.下蛋;放置e.g.,Thehenstoppedlayingeggs.Shelaidthebabydowngentlyonthebed.作为及物动词是的变化:p.pr--laying,pt--lay,pp—lainrestv.&n.放松;休息coughn.&v.咳嗽X-rayn.X射线;X光toothache/'tu:θeɪk/n.牙痛temperature温度,体温takeone'stemperature量体温headache/'hedeɪk/n.头痛break/breɪk/n.间歇;休息takebreaks(takeabreak)休息vi.vt.pt--broke,pp—broken--breakaway(from)脱离,放弃(习惯),打破(陈套)--breakdown(机器等)坏了;(计划等)失败;(健康等)变坏;感情失去控制--breakin插嘴,使驯服--breakinto破门而入,突然。。。起来--breakoff折断,突然停止讲话,解除(婚约)--breakout(战争,火灾,疾病)突然发生,爆发hurt/hɜ:t/v.(使)疼痛;(使)受伤p.pr--hurting,pt--hurt,pp—hurtpassenger/'pæsɪndʒə/n.乘客;旅客offadv.&prep.离开(某处);不工作;从......去掉getoff下车onto/'ɒntʊ/prep.向;朝2enough[ɪ'nʌf]adj.adv.足够的/地,充足的/地--用作adj.,修饰名词,可前可后enoughwater--用作adv.,修饰形容词或副词,要后置oldenough--enough+forsb./sth+todosth.足够…,能做…trouble/'trʌbl/n.问题;苦恼pl.troubles--introuble在监禁中;处于不幸中;处困难中--getintotrouble使自己或他人陷入困扰之境--havetrouble(with…/doingsth.)在...有困难hit/hɪt/v.(hit)(用手或器具)击;打p.pr--hitting,pt--hit,pp—hitherself/hɜ:'self/pron.(she的反身代词)她自己ourselves/'aʊə'selvz/pron.(we的反身代词)我们自己bandage/'bændɪdʒ/n.绷带v.用绷带包扎sick/sɪk/adj.生病的;有病的knee/ni:/n.膝;膝盖nosebleed/'noʊzbli:d/n.鼻出血bleed[blid]vt.使出血;榨取vi.流血;渗出;悲痛p.pr--bleeding,pt--bled[blɛd],pp—bledbledadj.流血的;breathe/bri:ð/v.呼吸p.pr--breathing,pt--breathed,pp—breathedbreath[brɛθ]n.呼吸,气息--deepbreath深呼吸--takeadeepbreath深呼吸--outofbreath喘不过气来,上气不接下气sunburnedadj.晒伤的climber['klaɪmɚ]n.登山者;攀登者riskn.&v.危险;风险;冒险--takerisks(takearisk)冒险accident/'æksɪdənt/n.(交通)事故;意外遭遇--trafficaccident交通事故--caraccident车祸;交通事故--byaccident偶然;意外地situation/'sɪtjʊ'eɪʃən/n.情况;状况kilo(=kilogram)n.千克;公斤kg千克km=kilometer千米rock/rɒk/n.岩石knife/naɪf/n.刀pl.knivesblood/blʌd/n.血mean/mi:n/v.(meant)意思是;打算;意欲p.pr--meaning,pt--meant,pp—meantimportance/ɪm'pɔ:təns/n.重要性;重要decision/dɪ'sɪʒən/n.决定;抉择controlv.限制;约束;管理;控制beincontrolof掌管;管理p.pr--controlling,pt--controlled,pp--controlled3advice[ədˈvaɪs]不可数名词.--givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议;--takesb’sadvice接受某人的建议advise[əd'vaɪz]v.--advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事,此动词不定式作宾语补足语。--advisedoingsth建议做某事相似用法的动词:allow(允许),permit(允许),forbid(禁止)等allowdoingsth允许做某事,allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事;permitdoingsth允许做某事,permitsbtodosth允许某人做某事;forbiddoingsth禁止做某事,forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事。eg.Wedon’tallowsmokinginthelab.我们不准在实验室吸烟。Wedon’tallowpeopletosmokeinthelab.我们不准人们在实验室吸烟。Peoplearenotallowedtosmokeinthelab.人们不准在实验室吸烟。spirit/'spɪrɪt/n.勇气;意志;精神;酒精death/deθ/n.死;死亡nurse/nɜ:s/n.护士Judy/'dʒu:dɪ/朱迪(女名)Nancy/'nænsɪ/南希(女名)Mandy/'mænde/曼迪(女名)Aron/'eərən/阿伦·罗尔斯顿Utah/'ju:tɑ:/犹他州(美国)【动词短语】haveasoreback后背痛haveastomachache胃痛、肚子痛haveaverysorethroat喉咙非常痛haveafever发高烧feelveryhot感到很热have/catchacold受凉;感冒haveacough咳嗽haveatoothache牙疼talktoomuch说得太多drinkenoughwater喝足够的水cutmyself划伤自己hurtoneself伤着自己haveanosebleed流鼻血havearest/takebreaks/takeabreak休息一下asickman一个生病的人feelsick感到恶心4haveaheartproblem有心脏病onthesideoftheroad在马路边,在公路的一侧goalong沿着……走becauseof由于getoutof离开;从……出来mountainclimbing登山运动inadifficultsituation在困境中savealife,saveone’slife挽救生命shoutforhelp大声求救seeadentist=gotoadentist看牙医seeadoctor=gotoadoctor看医生drinkenoughwater喝足够的水liedownandrest躺下来休息runitunderwater在水下冲,用水冲getoff下车getonthebus上公交车catchthebus赶公交车getoutof从…出来getover(克服)geton/alongwellwithsb.和某人相处得好,getback取回hotteawithhoney带蜂蜜的热茶getanX-ray拍X光putsomemedicineonit敷一些药putabandageonsth.用绷带包扎takebreaksawayfrom…远离…休息withoutmoving没有移动inthesameway以同样的方式runoutof用完sth.runout.某物用尽了。sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。eg.Hiswaterrunout.Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.beinterestedin=have/takeaninterestin对……感兴趣placesofinterest名胜lostinterestin失去兴趣inaverydangeroussituation处于非常危险的境地takearisk=takerisks冒险risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事makedecisions做决定5=makeadecision=makeupone’smind=decidetodosthAbeincontrolofBA管理或控制BAbeinthecontrolofBA在B的控制之中或者A受制于Bbeoutofcontrol无法控制,无法管理beundercontrol被控制住,在控制之下giveup放弃giveup(doing)sth.=stopdoingsth放弃(做)某事,eg.giveup(playing)computergames;givein屈服giveout分发thinkabout考虑thinkaboutsavingalife考虑挽救生命rightaway立刻、马上=atonce,rightnowonfoot步行theimportanceof….….的重要性keepondoingsth一直持续做…..坚持做某事keepsth+adj保持某物某种状态cutoff切断cutup切碎cutdown砍倒beusedtosth.习惯于、适应…强调状态;--be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于、适应…--becomeusedtosth./doingsth.变得习惯,逐渐适应…强调过程:Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.It’sdifficulttogetusedtoanothercountry’shabit.usedtodosth过去常常做......(现在不了)(物)beusedtodosth(物)被用来做.....=beusedfordoingsthbereadytodosth乐意做…,准备好做……bereadyfor为…..做好准备afewdays=severaldays几天puton穿上takeoff脱下falldown=fallover摔倒falldownfrom=falloff从…上摔/掉下来fallinlovewith爱上......fallasleep熟睡fallbehin