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初一英语语法知识与试题（二）名词所有格2.1名词所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式.1.表示有生命体(人或者动物)名词的所有格,一般在名词后加`s,如果名词以s结尾则直接加`.例如:Mike`sbagsomeone`spencilTeachers`Day2.有些指时间,距离,重量,国家,城市等无生命体的名词也可以使用`s所有格形式.例如:today`spapertwohours`walktheworld`spopulation3.如果一样东西为两人共有,则在后一个名词后面加`s.例:HeisLucyandLily`sfather.4.如果兩人各自拥有时,则需分别加“`s”.例如：ThetwomenareLucy`sandLily`sfather.5.表示家宅，诊所，商店的名词时，也使用所有格，后面的中心名词常被省略掉。例如：attheteacher`satthedoctor`satLiMing`s（二）名词所有格2.21.“of+名词”所有格：表示无生命体的名词所属关系。例如：thenameofthebookthewalloftheroomamapofChina2.双重所有格:“of+名词”所有格和“`s”所有格连用时，叫做双重所有格，也称为双重属格。例如：abookofmyfather`safriendofMike`saclassmateofmine=oneofmyclassmates练习题：一.写出划线词语的所有格：1.mymotherhair2.Billkeys3.twodayswalk2.WomenDay5.ChildrenDay6.studentsbook初一语法知识与试题（一）名词1.2名词复数的不规则变化(特殊的).（1）改变内部元音字母:man---menwoman---womenEnglishman---Englishmenfoot---feetmouse---micetooth---teeth(2)单复数同形:sheep---sheep,deer---deer,fish---fish,Chinese---Chinese,Japanese---Japanese(3)在名词后加-en或-ren.ox--oxen,child---children(4)复合名词,只将其主体词变为复数.boystudent---boystudents(5)由man和woman构成的复合名词,两部分都要变复数.manworker---menworkers,womanteacher---womenteachers(6)姓氏后加-s,表示”一家”或”夫妇二人”.作主语时，视为复数。theWhites,怀特一家theSmiths,史密斯夫妇theChens,陈家TheBrownsarewatchingTVathome.(7)只有复数形式或者本身就是复数概念的名词:pants裤子,glasses眼镜,clothes衣服;people人们police警察练习题1.2--2.2姓名：一．写出下列名词复数形式:1.shoe---2.match---3.fox---4.life---5.English---6.foot---7.wolf---8.zoo---9.mouse---10.cup---11.tomato---12.body---13.deer---14.policeman---15.woman---二．用所给词的适当形式填空.1.WhereisMike?He(run)ontheplayground.2.Therearesome(mandoctor)talkingoverthere.3.Theynevereatjunkfood,sotheylookvery(health).4.The(teacher)officeisnexttotheartroom.5.ComeandbuyyourclothesatHuaxing`sgreat(sell).6.Lucyisafriendof(he).三．单项选择.()1.---Howabout_____computergames?---Goodidea.A.playB.playsC.playingD.toplay()2.--It’shard_______oldpeople_______learnEnglish．A.for，itB.to，toC.for，toD.to，for()3.---Canyoutellme_________todo?---Sure.A.HowB.whatC.whenD.where()4.Jakewithhisclassmatesfromeachotherontheweekend.B.learnB.learnsc.learningD.tolearn()5.roomisbigandbright,theylikeitverymuch.A.TomandSamB.Tom`sandSam`sC.TomandSam`s()6.Ourschoolisjust（仅仅）10walkfrommyhome.A.minute`sB.minutes`C.minuteD.minutes()7.TheGreenshavinglunchatMrWang`snow.A.amB.isC.areD.be()8.---Doyouhave______watch?---Yes,Ihave______.A．one,itB．a,oneC．it,oneD．a,it()9.Igotoschool________buseverymorning.A.inB.onC.atD.by()10.“What’sthe________today?”“It’sJune26th.”A.dayB.dateC.timeD.hour三．完形填空。FootballisaverypopulargameinChina．Thereareeleven1inateam.Manyyoungpeoplelikeit．LiLeiisamiddleschoolstudent．Heisgoodat2football.TomorrowisSunday,Thereisnothingtodo3him，soheisgoingto4afootballgame．HewantsSamtogo5him．Samis6America．Heisgoodatfootball，too．Helikes7footballgamesverymuch.8hesays：“Americanfootballisdifferentfrom(不同于）9．It’snotround（圆的）．Doyouknow?Thefootballhas10nameinEnglish，it`ssoccer”．()1．A．playersB．gamesC．ballsD．play()2．A．playB.playsC.playingD.toplay()3．A．ToB．forC．onD．with()4．A．getB．playingC．haveD．watch()5．A．beforeB．besideC．withD．after()6．A．inB．leaveC．forD．from()7．A．takingB．watchingC．playingD．having()8．A．ButB．AndC．SoD．Then()9．A．weB．oursC．ourD．us()10.A．otherB．othersC．anotherD．theother五．阅读下面的短文，完成各题.Weworkinthedaytimeandsleepatnight.Why？Becauseourbodyrestswhenwesleep.Inthemorning,wearereadytoworkandplayagain.Ourbodygrows（生长）mostwhenwearesleeping.Childrenusuallyneed（需要）moresleep.Wecanlearnourlessonsbetterafterwehaveenough（足够的)rest.Boysandgirlsattheageofeightornineshouldsleeptenhourseverynight.Whenwesleep,ourbodyneedsfresh（新鲜的）air,sowecanopenourwindows，Whenwearesleepinginbed。wecannotcover（盖住）ourhead.Ifyouwanttobestrongandhealthy,youmustgetalotofsleepandfreshair.()1.When（当---时）wesleep,ourbodyis______.A.workingB.restingC.playingD.dreaming()2.Thebesttitle（标题）forthispassage（短文）is“__________.”A.BoysandgirlsB.SleepC.RestD.Howtobestrong()3.Whatdoesourbodyneedwhenwesleep?A.Freshair.B.Warmair.C.RestD.BothAandC()4.__________canhelpchildrengrowupwell.A.EnoughfreshairB.EnoughrestandplayC.EnoughsleepD.BothAandC()5.Doweneedtoopenourwindowswhenwesleep?A.No,wedon’t.B.No,wedo.C.Yes,wedo.D.Yes,wedon`t.名词：表示人，事物，地点或抽象概念的名称的词。1.普通名词：（1）可数名词A.个体名词:book,chair,keyB.集体名词：family,police,class,clothes（2）不可数名词A.物质名词:rice,porridge,waterB.抽象名词:life,love,friendship注：不可数名词作主语时，视为单数。Muchmoneyisonthedesk.2.专有名词:（1）人名,国家名,地名,建筑物名等.Mike,China,Chengdu,theGreatWall.（2)组织,机构等名称.theWorldHealthOrganization(3)语言,月份,星期等名词.Japanese,February,Wednesday3.名词复数:(1)一般在可数名词单数后加-s.ruler---rulers,pencil---pencils(2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词在后加-es.bus---buses,box---boxes,wish---wishes,watch---watches(3)以e结尾的词在后面加-s.bike---bikes,horse---horses(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i再加-es.(以元音字母+y结尾的直在后加-s.)family---families,city---cities；(boy---boys,key---keys)(5)以f,fe结尾的词变f或者fe为v,再加-es.leaf---leaves,life---lives(6)少数以o结尾的词在后面加-es.potato---potatoes,tomato---tomatoes,hero---heroes,Negro---Negroes.练习题1.1姓名：一．用所给词的合适的形式填空.1.---Howmany(tomato)doesthe(child)have?---Hehasthree.2.Letme(help)youfindyourpencil-box.3.Hehasmuch(money)tobuyjunkfood.4.Oneof(man)overthereismyfather.5.---Whatare(that)?---Theyaresomebirds.二．单项选择。()1.---Arethoseshoe