虚拟语气15种句型

SubjunctiveMood含义动词形式与事实相反If从句过去现在将来主句did/werehad+donedid/werewereto+doshould+dowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could/might+havedone1.虚拟条件句341Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyoudowithit?2IfyoubecametheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyoudofirst?3Ifyoutravelledanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo?(thepresent)541Ifsomeonehadgivenyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyouhavedonewithit?2IfyouhadbecometheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyouhavedonefirst?3Ifyouhadtravelledanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyouhavegoneandwhatwouldyouhavedone?(thepast)51Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyoudowithit?2IfyouweretobecometheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyoudofirst?3Ifyoushouldtravelanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo?(thefuture)5省略if的倒装句e.g.1.Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpus.如果从句中有were，should，had等词，可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.3.Iftheyshouldbeheretomorrow,theywouldhelpus.Shouldtheybeheretomorrow,theywouldhelpus.省略if的倒装句•注意：•1条件句中必须有should,were或者had才能省略。•2倒装之后用一般疑问句来检验。•假如他那是时不是个党员，他就不会就那个男孩了。（用省略if的倒装句）•HadhenotbeenaPartymember,hewouldn’thavesavedtheboy.•3否定词not只能留在助于后面，不能移到主语前面。含蓄条件句的虚拟语气•假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如without,butfor,but,otherwise,because,or等。含蓄条件句的虚拟语气•IfIhadnotlostherphonenumber,Iwouldhaverungherup.(用otherwise,but和or分别造句)•Ilostherphonenumber.Otherwise,Iwouldhaverungherup.•IwouldhaverungherupbutIlostherphonenumber.•IlostherphonenumberorIwouldhaverungherup.含蓄条件句的虚拟语气•要不是有。。。(butfor,without,ifitwerenotfor,ifithadnotbeenfor)•Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.•Without/butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.含蓄条件句的虚拟语气•Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.•Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.•Ifitwerenotforhispresencenow,Iwouldpunishyou.•Butforhispresence,Iwouldpunishyou.•Ifithadnotbeenforhispresenceyesterday,Iwouldhavepunishedyou.•Butforhispresenceyesterday,Iwouldhavepunishedyou.错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。动词的虚拟形式要根据时间做出相应的调整.e.g.Ifshehadn’tstudiedhard,shewouldn’tspeakEnglishsowell.Ifhe__hislegsyesterday,he__withusnow.A.hadn’thurt;wouldgoB.hadn’thurt;wouldhavegoneC.didn’thurt;wouldgoD.didn’thurt;wouldhavegone√错综时间条件句171921含义动词形式例句Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier.Did/wereHaddone对现状表达愿望would/could/might+do对过去表示遗憾/后悔对将来表达愿望IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown.Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.2.wish后的宾语从句=ifonly注意：•1wish后面跟的宾语从句一定要用虚拟语气。•2hope没有虚拟语气可以说hopethat…/hopetodo…,但是不能说hopesbtodo•3以下情况是可以实现的：wishsbtodo,wishsbsthIwishyoutobeascientist.WewishyouamerryChristmas.含义动词形式例句Itappearedasifnothinghadhappened.Did/wereHavedone现在would/could/might+do过去将来Helooksasifheknewthelittlegirl.Themanlookedworried,asifsomethingbadwouldhappen.3.asif/asthough后的表语或状语从句(与wish相同)含义动词形式例句didHaddone现在过去将来Iwouldratherhetookmeoverthecrossing.Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldmethetruth.4.wouldrather后的宾语从句(宁愿……)5.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟1.表示命令/建议/要求的词所带的从句记住以下动词以及他们的名词。建议：suggest/recommand/advise/propose要求：require/request/demand/ask/desire命令：order/command/坚持：insist不过是动词还是名词，不过是主动还是被动，后面带的不管是主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句还是同位语从句，都要用shoulddo5.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟•Mysuggestionisthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirst.•Itissuggestedthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirst•Mysuggestionthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirstisbeingdiscussed.•注意当insist—硬说，suggest—表明，不能有虚拟语气。5.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟2.It’s+adj.+that的主语从句(adj:necessary/essential/important/natural/strange/possible/impossibleeg.Itisimportantthatweshouldattendthemeeting.It’sapitythat可以用虚拟，也可以不用。3.It’s(high/about)time+that从句+sbshoulddo/sbdid(该是做……时候)eg.Itistimethatweshouldstopworkandgohome.Itistimethatwestoppedworkandwenthome.注意:should不能省略;动词也可用过去式6.虚拟语气表示祝愿1.LongliveChairmanMao!2.Godblessyou!3.Mayyouhavealongandhappylife!4.Wishyouahappybirthday!注意:动词用原形,后边用!may+人+do!wish+人+名词!7.其他句型•Hadthought/hoped/expectedthat+过去时间•Ihadhopedthatyoucouldwinthematchyesterdaybutyoudidn’t.•对过去的猜测•肯定musthavedone•否定can/couldnothavedone•可能may/mighthavedone•本应该做（实际没有做，有责备意思）•Shouldhavedone•Shouldn’thavedone•本来有必要作（实际没有做，不含责备意思）•Needhavedone•Needn'thavedonePractice1.IfI______(know)heraddress,Iwouldwritetoher.2.Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyou__________(miss)thetrain?3.Ifhe___________(notbeill),hewouldhavedonesomething.4.Ifit________________________(snow)tomorrow,we____________(getup)early.5.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,you__________(know)whattodonow.knewhadmissedhadnotbeenillwereto/shouldsnow/snowedshouldgetupwouldknowsnowswillgetup18判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气：1.Ifwecouldfinishourworkearlierweshallgotothecinema.2.Thedoctorsuggeststhatshewillnotsmoke.3.Iwishthatitistrue.4.Hadyouputonmoreclothes,youwouldnotcatchacold.shall改成shouldwillnot改成(should)notis改成werewouldnotcatch改成wouldnothavecaughtTranslation1用if条件句•如果他现在知道这消息，他就会合我争吵的。（事实上，他现在不知道这消息。）•假如他过去读过这本小说，他早就讲给我们听这个故事了。•假如他明天来这里，他就会帮助我们了。（事实上，他明天不来。用三种形式。）•Ifheknewthenewsnow,hewouldquarrelwithme.•Ifhehadreadthenovel,hewouldhavetoldusthatstory.•Ifhecameheretomorrow,hewouldhelpus.