Xcqzsb托福听力失读连音表

生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。－－泰戈尔托福听力失读连音表失音与连读在语速较快的时候，为了方便应用产生了失音和连读现象。在四六级听力考试部分出现出现的尤其频繁。这是四六级听力考试中难点所在。掌握好失音和连读是听懂和说一口地道美语的前提。学习方法：失音连读规则繁琐细致，逐条记忆会耗费大量时间。本书将各种情况归纳列表附在本篇后，只需在浏览过规则以后将列表和例句通读几遍，便能自然掌握各种失音连读情况和培养出较强的英语语感，从根本上提高语言使用能力。失音：失音，顾名思义就是某一个或者几个音脱落，把单词短语和句子快速连缀成串。单词间的失音有四种类型。类型一：前一词以“持续音＋/t//d/”结尾，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t//d/失音其中包括：/st/+辅音/ft/+辅音/Ft/+辅音/nd/+辅音/ld/+辅音/zd/+辅音/Td/+辅音/vd/+辅音/Wt/+辅音/md/+辅音/Nd/+辅音/nt/+辅音/lt/+辅音例如：lastclass/lB:sklB:s/nextday/neksdei/bendback/benbAk/settledthere/setlT[/refusedboth/ri`fju:zb[uW/类型二：前一词以“破音/擦音+/t//d/”结束，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t//d/失音其中包括：/pt/+辅音/kt/+辅音（如完结于skt则脱k而不是t）/tFt/+辅音/bd/+辅音/gd/+辅音/dVd/+辅音/Vd/+辅音例如：keptquiet/kepkwai[t/sweptvalley/swepvAli/likedjam/laikdVAm/parchedthroat/pB:tFWr[ut/fetchedme/fetFmi:/rubbedgently/rQbidVentli/注：后一词如始于h则/t//d/很少脱落例如：keptherwaiting/kepth[:`weitiN/类型三：动词否定结尾的缩写形式n’t中的/t/失音（无论后一词以元音还是辅音开头）例如：Youmustn’t/mQsn/loseitDoesn’t/dQzn/sheknow?Hewouldn’t/wudn/overeat.类型四：前一词以/t/结束，后一词以/t/或/d/开头，则前面的/t/往往失音。例如I’vegottogo./aiv`gRt[g[u/Whatdoyouwant?/wRd[juwRnt/另外，不完全爆破虽然没有归纳到失音类型里来，但实质上也存在不发音现象。如果前面单词结尾和后面单词开头是两个或者同一个破擦音(/p//b//t//d//k//g/)则前一音保留口型和发音时间却并不发音。但是听者能感到这个音的存在。例如：cutdown/kQdaun/stickto/stitu:/breakdown/bridaun/letgo/leg[u/连读：连贯讲话自然会出现连读现象，在中文中也同样存在，例如传统的北京方言。连读主要出现在意义联系较紧的词，如冠词与名词，数词和名词，动词与副词，连接词与代名词之间。语义自然停顿的地方不用连读。连读类型：类型一：辅音与下一个单词的元音连缀，使全句连贯。例如：inanhour/in[nau[/anEnglishbook/[niNgliFbuk/anapple/[nApl/alotoftime/[`lRt[vtaim/类型二：单词以元音结尾，则在元音后加上/r/音以便和下个单词起首元音连缀。据伦敦出版的第十三版PronouncingDictionary记载，元音间连读情况多出现在以/E//iE//Z[//B://E://C:/结尾的词后。例如：moreorless/mR:r[les/bearup/bZErQp/theideaofit/aidiErEvit/类型三：后单词以h开始，则前面单词结尾音直接与后面单词的元音连读,此处h很少发音。例如：givehim/givim/lether/let[:/失音列表：类型一：前一词以“持续音＋/t//d/”结尾，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t//d/失音/st/+辅音/ft/+辅音/Ft/+辅音/nd/+辅音/ld/+辅音/zd/+辅音/Td/+辅音/vd/+辅音/Wt/+辅音/md/+辅音/Nd/+辅音/nt/+辅音/lt/+辅音/st/+辅音²/st/＋/p/dustpan/dQspAn/²/st/＋/t/nextto/nekstu:/²/st/＋/k/lastclass/lB:sklB:s/²/st/＋/f/bestfriend/besfrend/²/st/＋/s/fastsociety/fB:ssE`saiEti/²/st/＋/W/firsttheme/fEsWi:m/²/st/＋/F/worstshow/wEsFEu/²/st/＋/tF/lastchance/lastFB:s/²/st/＋/b/burstbubble/bEsbQbl/²/st/＋/d/nextday/neksdei/²/st/＋/g/almostgot/R:lm[usgRt/²/st/＋/v/lastversion/lB:s`v[:F[n/²/st/＋/z/bestzone/besz[un/²/st/＋/T/noticedthat/n[utisTAt/²/st/＋/h/firsthair/fE:shiE/²/st/＋/dV/wristjewelry/risdVu:[lri/²/st/＋/l/firstlight/fE:slait/²/st/＋/m/depressedmood/di`presmu:d/²/st/＋/n/suppressednewspaper/sE`pres`nu:speip[/²/st/＋/w/justone/dVQswQn/²/st/＋/j/lastEuropeanempire/lB:sju[r[`pi[n`empai[/²/st/＋/r/westregion/wes`ri:dVEn//ft/+辅音²/ft/＋/p/shiftpersonality/FifpE:sE`nAliti/²/ft/+/t/leftturn/leftE:n/²/ft/＋/k/shiftkey/Fifki:/²/ft/＋/f/shiftforoneself/FifR:wQn`self/²/ft/+/s/softcentre/fCffentE/²/ft/＋/W/shifttheme/FifWi:m/²/ft/＋/F/giftshare/gifFZE/²/ft/+/tF/driftchannel/driftFAnl/²/ft/+/b/driftby/drifbai/²/ft/＋/d/driftdistance/drif`distEns/²/ft/＋/g/shiftgears/Fifgi[z/²/ft/＋/v/riftvalley/rif`vAli/²/ft/＋/z/shiftzeal/Fifzi:l/²/ft/＋/T/shiftthetarget/FifT[`tB:git/²/ft/＋/h/shifthairstyle/Fif`hZEstail/²/ft/＋/dV/shiftjoint/FifdVRint/²/ft/+/l/shiftlearning/Fifl[:niN/²/ft/＋/m/shiftmatrix/Fif`meitriks/²/ft/＋/n/driftnet/drifnet/²/ft/+/w/leftwheel/lefwi:l/²/ft/+/j/shiftEuropeintoseveralcountries/Fif`juErEp/²/ft/+/r/shiftreaction/Fifri:`AkFEn//Ft/+辅音²/Ft/+/p/mashedpotatoes/mAFpE`teitEuz/²/Ft/＋/t/finishedtoday’swork/finiFtE`deiswE:k/²/Ft/＋/k/finishedclass/finiFklB:s/²/Ft/＋/f/cherishedfriends/tFeriFfrendz/²/Ft/＋/s/pushedswitch/puFswitF/²/Ft/+/W/pushedthem/puFWem/²/Ft/＋/F/finishedshaping/finiF`FeipiN/²/Ft/+/tF/smashedchurch/smAFtFEtF/²/Ft/＋/b/smashedbulk/smAFbQlk/²/Ft/＋/d/smasheddefence/smAFdi`fens/²/Ft/＋/g/smashedgate/smAFgeit/²/Ft/＋/v/smashedvase/smAFvB:z/²/Ft/＋/z/smashedzeal/smAFzi:l/²/Ft/＋/T/pushtheboatout/puFTEbEutaut/²/Ft/＋/h/smashedhut/smAFhQt/²/Ft/＋/dV/smasheddream/smAFdri:m/²/Ft/+/l/finishedlate/finiFleit/²/Ft/＋/m/dashedman/dAFmAn/²/Ft/+/n/finishednow/finiFnEu/²/Ft/+/w/dashedwith/dAFwiT/²/Ft/+/j/smashedEurope/smAF`juErEp/²/Ft/+/r/smashedresistance/smAFri`zistEns//nd/+辅音²/nd/＋/p/lendpaperto/len`peip[tu:/²/nd/＋/t/yearnedto/j\ntu:/²/nd/＋/k/lendcolourto/len`kQl[/²/nd/＋/f/foundfive/faunfaiv/²/nd/＋/s/plannedstrategy/plAnstrAtidVi/²/nd/＋/W/lendthermos/lenW[:m[s/²/nd/＋/F/athousandships/Waus[nFips/²/nd/＋/tF/athousandchairs/Waus[ntFZ[z/²/nd/＋/b/bendback/benbAk/²/nd/＋/d/athousanddollars/Waus[ndRl[s/²/nd/＋/g/shinedglass/Faingla:s/²/nd/＋/v/compoundverb/kRmpaunv[b/²/nd/＋/z/athousandzooms/Waus[nzu:mz/²/nd/＋/T/lendthenametosb/lenTineim/²/nd/＋/h/athousandhats/Waus[nhAts/²/nd/＋/dV/athousandjudges/Waus[ndVQdViz/²/nd/＋/l/lend-lease/lenli:s/²/nd/＋/m/tinnedmeat/tinmi:t/²/nd/＋/n/lendnow/lennau/²/nd/＋/w/lendoneselfto/lenwQn`selftu:/²/nd/＋/j/lendyou/lenju:/²/nd/＋/r/athousandriddles/Waus[nridlz//ld/+辅音²/ld/＋/p/mildpunishment/mail`pQniFm[nt/²/ld/＋/t/yieldto/ji:ltu:/²/ld/＋/k/buildcastles/bilkB:slz/²/ld/＋/f/buildfor/bilfR:/²/ld/＋/s/fieldstudy/fi:lstQdi/²/ld/＋/W/pulledthrough/pu:lWru:/²/ld/＋/F/coldshower/k[u`Fau[/²/ld/＋/tF/spoiledchild/spRiltFaild/²/ld/＋/b/chilledbeef/tFilbi:f/²/ld/＋/d/builddown/b