虚拟语气知识框架1.

1虚拟语气知识框架1.含有条件状语从句的复合句三大版块2.宾语从句（1）wish+宾语从句虚(2)suggest+宾语从句拟3.其它从句语用过去式表现在情况气1.时态后退型用过去完成式表过去两种形式用过去将来表将来2.should+动词原形型内容详述I.含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)时间条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+S+did…S+would/should/could/might+do…与过去事实相反的假设If+S+haddone…S+would/should/could/might+havedone…与将来事实相反的假设did…If+SshoulddoneweretodoS+would/should/could/might+do…注意事项：1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句。2．混合时间。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。3．Ifthereweren't/hadnotbeen+…=without…4．Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn'tbeenfor…=butfor…5．otherwise+虚拟语气的句子6．虚拟语气的句子，but+陈述事实的句子2II.宾语从句sb.did…(希望现在用过去式)1.wish+thatsb.haddone…（希望过去用过去完成式）sb.would/soulddo（希望将来用过去将来）2.suggest+（that）S+should+do…表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should＋动词原形，should常常省略。这类词有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，suggest，recommend，requested，require等。注意：1.suggest当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；当“表明”时，用陈述语气2.insist当坚持“看法或建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚持“某个事实”时，用陈述语气3.所有和以上动词相关的从句均应该用虚拟语气（1）在Itis＋过去分词＋thatS+(should)+do…这类过去分词有：decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested，required等。eg.Itisdesiredthatwe（should）geteverythingreadythisevening．(2)在Itis＋名词＋thatS+(should)+do…这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，motion，order，pity，preference，proposal，recommendation，requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。eg.Itismyproposalthathe(should)besenttostudyfurtherabroad．(3)虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should)＋动词原形。这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。eg.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion(should)beputoff．(4)虚拟语气用在表语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其3表达形式为(should)＋动词原形。这类名词常见的有（同3中的名词）：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。eg.Mysuggestionisthatthemayor(should)presenttheprizes.III.其它从句(1)Itis（about／high）time＋thatsb.didsth/shoulddosth..eg.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttimewewenthome？注：在thisisthefirsttime／secondtimethat．．．句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。eg.IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongkong？(2)asif（asthough）引导的方式状语从句中。在asif（asthough）引导的方式状语从句中，常用虚拟语气，其动词形式与wish后接宾语从句中的形式相同。eg.AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhewereaRoman．(3)虚拟语气用在lest，forfearthat及incase引导的目的状语从句中。在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免”等意思，其谓语动词多由should＋动词原形构成，should也可省略。eg.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain．(4)虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中，使用虚拟语气。eg.Youshouldn'thavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely；youshouldhavekeptyourdistance．(5)...wouldrathersb.didsth.eg.I'dratheryoucameherefortheanswertomorrowmorning.(6)Ifonlysb./sth.+时态后退型的谓语eg.Ifonlyyouwereherewithmerightnow.4练习1.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI__________thesportsmeet.A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.wouldtakepartinC.shouldtakenpartinD.hadtakenpartin2.HowIwishit__________！A.isn'trainingB.didn'trainC.weren'trainingD.doesn'train3.Iwouldratheryou__________nextSunday.A.comeB.cameC.willcomeD.arecoming4.IsuggestthatMary__________tothelectureherself.A.goB.goesC.wouldgoD.went5.Butherfacesuggeststhat_______frightenedindeed.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.be6.Theheadmasterrequestedthateveryone__________presentattheceremony.A.beB.wouldbeC.wasD.mustbe7.Itisnecessarythattheresultofanexperiment__________.A.becheckedandrecheckedB.wouldbecheckedC.shouldbecheckandrecheckD.ischeckedandrechecked8.IfI__________you，Iwouldnotsingsuchsongs.A.wasB.wereC.amD.willbe9.Iamsorryyoutoldhimthesecret.Iwishyou__________himthesecret.A.didn'ttellB.wouldn'ttellC.willnottellD.hadnottold10.Shelooksasifshe__________nothingaboutitbefore.A.knowsB.wouldknowC.hadknownD.hasknown11.Themaninsistedthathe______seethatstrangeaman.A.hadn'tseenB.didn'tseeC.shouldn'tseeD.wouldn'tsee12.Heinsistedthatshe__________thematteratthemeeting.A.takeupB.takesupC.willtakeupD.wouldtakeup13.Itisnecessarythat__________anexplanationforhisabsencefromclass.A.hegivesB.hegaveC.hewillgiveD.hegive14.Ithinkit'stimewe______.A.getupB.setoutC.turntosb.D.makeadecision15.Irememberthewholethingasifit__________yesterday.A.willhappenB.wouldhappenC.happenedD.hadhappened16.Ineverexpectedthattheproblem__________socomplicated.A.shouldbeB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbe17.Ifwe__________wingslikebirds,weshouldbeabletoflyinthesky.A.haveB.hadC.havingD.havehad18.Ilikethefilmverymuch.IwishI__________itlastyearwhenitwasonforthefirst5timeinourcity.A.sawB.seeChadseenD.wouldsee19.Iwon'tbeabletogotheretomorrow._____theretomorrow，Iwouldseeyou.A.WereIgoB.WentIC.shouldIgoD.IfIgo20.IwouldhavegonetoAmericawithmyfriends,butI__________bymymother.A.wasstoppedB.wouldbestoppedC.willbestoppedD.werestopped21.TomandAnnrequiredthatwe__________atthebanquetatsixintheevening.A.wouldbeB.couldbeC.shouldbeD.mightbe22.He_____paymuchattentiontostudyingmethods；otherwisehewouldhavenotfallenbehindtheothers.A.didn’tB.doesn'tC.won'tD.can't23.Iwouldhavegonetoseeyouyesterday,butI__________notime.A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.shouldhave24.__________fortheleadershipoftheParty,weshouldhavefailed.A.HaditnotbeenB.IthadnotbeenC.IfitwerenotD.Ifitisnot25.Thebeautifulgirlinsiststhatshe__________thereherself.A.goB.wouldgoC.goesD.wouldgo26.Itisverycoldtoda