FAG矿山轴承

TargetindustrydocumentationCrushingofhardmaterials/Grading(screening)CementproductionContents1Crushingofhardmaterials1.1Processesusedforcrushinghardmaterials1.2Machinesusedforcrushinghardmaterials1.2.1Jawcrushers1.2.2Conecrushers1.2.3Hammercrushers1.2.4Rollergrindingmills1.2.5Rollerpresses1.2.6Tubemills2Grading(screening)2.1Introduction2.2Vibratingscreentypes2.2.1Twobearingscreenwithcirclethrow2.2.2Twobearingscreenwithstraight-linemotion2.2.3Fourbearingscreen2.3FAGvibratingscreenbearingdesigns2.4Dimensioningofthebearings2.4.1Twobearingscreeninaccordancewith2.2.12.4.2Twobearingscreeninaccordancewith2.2.22.4.3Fourbearingscreeninaccordancewith2.2.32.5Sealingandlubricationofthebeaings2.5.1Greaselubrication2.5.2Oilsumplubrication2.5.3Oilsplashlubrication2.5.4Oilcirculationlubrication2.5.5Recommendedlubrication2.6Trends3Cementproduction3.1Introduction3.2Cementproductionprocess3.2.1Crushingoflimestone,aluminaetc.3.2.2Drying/mixing3.2.3Coarsegrinding3.2.4Dosage/mixing3.2.5Burningtherawmeal/coolingtheclinkers3.2.6Cementclinkerstorage3.2.7Finegrindingofclinker3.2.8Cementstorage/transport4SummaryPrefaceTheprocessingtechnologyisincreasinglygaininginsignificanceinthecapitalgoodsindustry.Duetothehugedemandforrollingbearings,theprocessingtechnologysectorisasignificantbusinessareaofFAGIndustrialBearingsAG.AmultitudeofprocessesandmachinesareusedtoprocessMaterialsforfurtherprocessing,butalsotorecycleallkindsofmaterial.Thisdocumentationgivesasurveyoftwosectorsoftheprocessingtechnology:crushingofhardmaterialsandgrading.Itdescribesmachinesandplantswhichareusedinmineralprocessingandcoalpreparationaswellasincementplants.Theemphasisisongivingthebearingsuchadesignastoenablethemtoaccommodatethespecialconditionsfoundinthesemachines.Thispaperisintendedforin-plantandfieldservicestaffaswellasforFAGdealers.Itshallbeusedforapplication-relatedtraininginthesectorCrushingofhardMaterialsandmaterialgrading,andgivesasurveyoftheapplicationofrollingbearingsinthemachinesusedinthisindustry.1CrushingofhardMaterials1.1ProcessesusedforcrushinghardmaterialsTheseprocessesareusedtoreduceamaterialfromitsoriginalsizetoasmaller,definedoutputsize.Themainphysicalsizereductionprocessesare:shattering(breaking),squeezing,grinding.Shattering(breaking)isused,asarule,toreducematerialswithgrainsizesof50mminsize.Insqueezingandgrindingprocesses,materialsalreadyreducedtograinssizesof550mmarereduced/groundtoextremelysmallgrains.Theboundariesbetweensqueezingandgrindingarefluid.1.2MachinesusedforcrushinghardmaterialsMachinesusedforcrushinghardmaterialscantakematerialswithedgelengthsofupto2500mmandreducethemtosizesofafewhundredthsofamillimeterinaseriesofprocesses.Inthesemachines-crushers,millsandpresses-moderatelytoextremelyhardstones,otherminerals,coalandsandsareprocessed.Dependingonthematerialandonthedesiredendproduct,thefollowingmachinesmaybeused:-Jawcrushers-Conecrushers-Hammercrushers-Rollergrindingmills-Rollerpresses(cylindercrushers)-TubemillsMachinesusedforcrushinghardmaterialsmustbecharacterizedbyahighefficiencyandoperationalreliability,andtheymustbeeasytomaintain.Asaleadingrollingbearingmanufacturer,FAGaremakingtheircontributiontomeetingtheserequirements.1.2.1Jawcrushers1.2.1.1PrincipleofoperationofdoubletogglejawcrushersThejawcrusherwasinventedinthemiddleofthe19thcentury,byanAmericannamedBlake.Itisalsoreferredtoasdoubletogglejawcrusher.Doubletogglejawcrushersareusedascoarsecrushersandfinecrushers.Theprincipleofoperationisintermittent.Onahorizontalshaftwithaneccentriccentresectionsitsthepitman,whichactuatestheswingjawthroughadoubletoggleleversystem.Theswingjawissupportedinslidingsleevesorrubber-bonded-to-metalbondings.Rollingbearingsareinstalledinthepitman(innerbearings)andinthecrusherframe(outerbearings).Thecrushersfeedopeningcanspanmorethan2000mm.Theeccentricshaftspeedisbetween180and280min-1,dependingonthecrushersize.1.2.1.2Eccentric-shaftsupportindoubletogglejawcrushersandsingletogglejawcrushersTheouterbearings(b)bothindoubletogglejawcrushers(fig.1)andinsingletogglejawcrushers(fig.2)havetosupporttheeccentricshaftintheframe.Theouterbearingsaremoreheavilyloadedthantheinnerbearingsastheyhavetotransmitnotonlythecrushingforcesbutalsohavetosupporttheflywheelweightandtransmittheloadsresultingfromthedrive.Theinnerbearings(a)supportthepitmanindoubletogglejawcrushersandtheswingjawinsingletogglejawcrushers.Duetotheeccentricshaft,theinnerbearingshavealargerborethantheouterbearings.1:DoubletogglejawcrusherExample:Doubletogglejawcrushertype12Klnnerbearings:2sphericalTollerbearingsFAG23168BKMB(340x500x190mm)AdaptersiceveFAGH3168HGJOuterbearings:2sphericalTollerbearingsFAG23256KMB(280x500x176mm)AdaptersleeveFAGH2356HGJMainlysphericalrollerbearingsofseries222areusedasinnerbearings,andseries223bearingsasouterbearings.Insomemachines,sphericalrollerbearingsofseries231and232aswellas240and241havebeenusedsuccessfully.Outerbearingmountingsusuallyconsistofalocatingbearingandafloatingbearing.Forinnerbearingmountingsafloatingbearingarrangement(axialdisplaceability1to2mm)ispreferablyuse