计算内容计算结果一对圆锥滚子轴承的效率η3=0.98一对球轴承的效率η4=0.99闭式直齿圆锥齿传动效率η5=0.95闭式直齿圆柱齿传动效率η6=0.97b.总效率η=η1η22η33η4η5η6=0.96×0.992×0.983×0.99×0.95×0.97=0.808c.所需电动机的输出功率Pr=Pw/η=2.4/0.808=3kw3.选择电动机的型号查参考文献[1]表4-12.2得表1.1方案号电机类型额定功率同步转速满载转速总传动比1Y100L2-431500142022.2942Y132S-63100096015.072根据以上两种可行同步转速电机对比可见,方案2传动比小且质量价格也比较合理,所以选择Y132S-6型电动机。三,动和动力参数的计算1.分配传动比(1)总传动比i=15.072(2)各级传动比:直齿轮圆锥齿轮传动比i12=3.762,直齿轮圆柱齿轮传动比i23=4(3)实际总传动比i实=i12i34=3.762×4=15.048,∵Δi=0.021﹤0.05,故传动比满足要求满足要求。2.各轴的转速(各轴的标号均已在图1.1中标出)n0=960r/min,n1=n0=960r/min,n2=n1/i12=303.673r/min,n3=n2/i34=63.829r/min,n4=n3=63.829r/min3.各轴的功率η=0.808Pr=3kw选用三相异步电动机Y132S-6p=3kwn=960r/mini=15.072i12=3.762i23=4n0=960r/minn1=960r/minn2=303.67r/minn3=63.829r/minn4=63.829r/min3.计算内容计算结果p0=pr=3kw,p1=p0η2=2.970kw,p2=p1η4η3=2.965kw,p3=p2η5η3=2.628kw,p4=p3η2η3=2.550kw4.各轴的转矩,由式:T=9.55Pi/ni可得:T0=29.844N·m,T1=29.545N·m,T2=86.955N·m,T3=393.197N·m,T4=381.527N·m四,传动零件的设计计算1.闭式直齿轮圆锥齿轮传动的设计计算a.选材:小齿轮材料选用45号钢,调质处理,HB=217~255,σHP1=580Mpa,σFmin1=220Mpa大齿轮材料选用45号钢,正火处理,HB=162~217,σHP2=560Mpa,σFmin2=210Mpab.由参考文献[2](以下简称[2])式(5—33),计算应力循环次数N:N1=60njL=60×960×1×8×11×250=1.267×109N2=N1/i2=1.267×10/3=2.522×108查图5—17得ZN1=1.0,ZN2=1.12,由式(5—29)得ZX1=ZX2=1.0,取SHmin=1.0,ZW=1.0,ZLVR=0.92,∴[σH]1=σHP1ZLVRZWZX1ZN1/SHmin=580×0.92=533.6Mpa,[σH]2=σHP2ZN2ZX2ZWZLVR/SHmin=560×1.12×0.92=577Mpa∵[σH]1[σH]2,∴计算取[σH]=[σH]2=533.6Mpac.按齿面接触强度设计小齿轮大端模数(由于小齿轮更容易失效故按小齿轮设计):取齿数Z1=21,则Z2=Z1i12=3.762×32=79,取Z2=79∵实际传动比u=Z2/Z1=79/21=3.762,且u=tanδ2=cotδ1,∴δ2=72.2965o=72o1635,δ1=17.7035o=17o4212,则小圆锥齿轮的当量齿数zm1=z1/cosδ1=21/cos17.7035o=23,zm2=z2/cosδ2=79/cos72.2965o=259.79p0=3kwp1=2.970kwp2=2.965kwp3=2.628kwp4=2.550kwT0=29.844N·mT1=29.545N·mT2=86.955N·mT3=393.197N·mT=381.527N·mσHP1=580Mpa,σFmin1=220MpaσHP2=560Mpa,σFmin2=210Mpa[σH]=533.6Mpa圆锥齿轮参数Z1=21Z2=79δ1=17o4212δ2=72o16354.计算内容计算结果由[2]图5-14,5-15得YFa=2.8,Ysa=1.55,YFa2=2.23,Ysa2=1.81ZH=√2/cosα×sinα=√2/cos20o×sin20o=2.5由[2]表11-5有ZE=189.8,取Kt·Z2εt=1.1,由[2]取K=1.4又∵T1=28.381N·m,u=3.762,фR=0.3由[2]式5-56计算小齿轮大端模数:m≥√4KT1YFaYsa/{фRZ21[σF](1-0.5фR)2√u2+1}将各值代得m≥1.498由[2]表5-9取m=3㎜d.齿轮参数计算:大端分度圆直径d1=mz1=3×21=63㎜,d2=mz2=3×79=237㎜齿顶圆直径da1=d1+2mcosδ1=63+6cos17.7035=68.715㎜,da2=d2+2mcosδ2=237+6cos72.2965o=238.827㎜齿根圆直径df1=d1-2.4mcosδ1=63-7.2cos17.7035o=56.142㎜df2=d2-2.4mcosδ2=237-7.2×cos72.2965o=231.808㎜齿轮锥距R=√d1+d2/2=122.615㎜,大端圆周速度v=∏d1n1/60000=3.14×63×960/60000=3.165m/s,齿宽b=RфR=0.3×122.615=36.78㎜由[2]表5-6,选齿轮精度为8级由[1]表4.10-2得Δ1=(0.1~0.2)R=(0.1~0.2)305.500=30.05~60.1㎜取Δ1=10㎜,Δ2=14㎜,c=10㎜圆锥齿轮参数m=3㎜d1=63㎜d2=237㎜da1=68.715㎜da2=238.827㎜df1=56.142㎜df2=231.808㎜R=122.615㎜v=3.165m/sb=36.78㎜Δ1=10㎜Δ2=14㎜c=10㎜L1=12.4㎜L2=39㎜轮宽L1=(0.1~0.2)d1=(0.1~0.2)93=12.4㎜L2=(0.1~0.2)d2=(0.1~0.2)×291=39㎜e.验算齿面接触疲劳强度:按[2]式5-53σH=ZHZE√2KT1√u+1/[bd21u(1-0.5фR)2],代入各值得5.计算内容计算结果σH=470.899﹤[σH]=533.6Mpa∴小齿轮满足接触疲劳强度,且大齿轮比小齿轮接触强度高,故齿轮满足接触强度条件f.齿轮弯曲疲劳强度校核:按[2]式5-55由[2]图5-19得YN1=YN2=1.0,由[2]式5-32及m=2﹤5㎜,得YX1=YX2=1.0取YST=2.0,SFmin=1.4,由[2]式5-31计算许用弯曲应力:[σF1]=σFmin1YFa1Ysa1YST/SFmin=220×2.0/1.4=314.29Mpa[σF2]=σFmin2YFa2Ysa2YST/SFmin=210×2.0/1.4=300Mpa∵[σF1]﹥[σF2],∴[σF]=[σF2]=300Mpa由[2]式5-24计算齿跟弯曲应力:σF1=2KT1YFa1Ysa1/[b1md1(1-0.5фR)]=2×1.4×80070×2.8×1.55/0.85×2×28.935×62=181.59﹤300MpaσF2=σF1YFa2Ysa2/(YFa1Ysa1)=181.59×1.81×2.23/(2.8×1.55)=178.28﹤300Mpa∴两齿轮满足齿跟弯曲疲劳强度2.闭式直齿轮圆柱齿轮传动的设计计算a.选材:小齿轮材料选用45号钢,调质处理,HB=217~255,σHP1=580Mpa,σFmin1=220Mpa大齿轮材料选用45号钢,正火处理,HB=162~217,σHP2=560Mpa,σFmin2=210Mpab.由参考文献[2](以下简称[2])式(5—33),计算应力循环次数N:[σH]=533.6Mpa[σF]=300MpaσHP1=580MpaσFmin1=220MpaσHP2=560MpaσFmin2=210MpaN1=60njL=60×960×1×8×11×250=1.267×109,N2=N1/i23=1.267×10/3=2.522×108查图5—17得ZN1=1.05,ZN2=1.16,由式(5—29)得ZX1=ZX2=1.0,取SHmin=1.0,ZW=1.0,ZLVR=0.92,[σH]1=σHP1ZLVRZWZX1ZN1/SHmin=580×1.05×0.92=560.28MPa6.计算内容计算结果[σH]2=σHP2ZN2ZX2ZWZLVR/SHmin=560×1.16×0.92=597.63MPa∵[σH]1[σH]2,∴计算取[σH]=[σH]2=560.28Mpac.按齿面接触强度计算中心距(由于小齿轮更容易失效故按小齿轮设计):∵u=i34=4,фa=0.4,ZH=√2/cosα·sinα=√2/cos200·sin200=2.5且由[2]表11-5有ZE=189.8,取Kt·Z2εt=1.1∴[2]式5-18计算中心距:a≥(1+u)√KT1(ZEZHZε/[σH])2/(2uφa)=5×√1.1×86955×2.5×189.8/(2×4×0.4×560.28)=147.61㎜由[1]表4.2-10圆整取a=160㎜d.齿轮参数设计:m=(0.007~0.02)a=180(0.007~0.02)=1.26~3.6㎜查[2]表5-7取m=2㎜齿数Z1=2a/m(1+u)=2×160/2(1+4)=32Z2=uZ1=4×32=128取Z2=128则实际传动比i=149/31=4分度圆直径d1=mz1=2×32=64㎜,d2=mz2=2×128=256㎜齿顶圆直径da1=d1+2m=68㎜,da2=d2+2m=260㎜齿基圆直径db1=d1cosα=64×cos20o=60.14㎜db2=d2cosα=256×cos20o=240.56㎜齿根圆直径df1=d1-2.5m=64-2.5×2=59㎜[σH]=560.28Mpa圆柱齿轮参数m=2㎜Z1=32Z2=128d1=64㎜d2=256㎜da1=8㎜da2=260㎜db1=60.14㎜db2=240.56㎜df1=59㎜df2=d2-2.5m=256-2.5×2=251㎜圆周速度v=∏d1n2/60×103=3.14×256×63.829/60×103=1.113m/s,中心距a=(d1+d2)/2=160㎜齿宽b=aΦa=0.4×160=64㎜由[2]表5-6,选齿轮精度为8级df2=251㎜v=1.113m/sa=160㎜b=64㎜7.计算内容计算结果e.验算齿面接触疲劳强度按电机驱动,载荷平稳,由[2]表5-3,取KA=1.0;由[2]图5-4(d),按8级精度和VZ/100=∏dn/60000/100=0.30144,得Kv=1.03;由[2]表5-3得Ka=1.2;由[2]图5-7和b/d1=72/60=1.2,得KB=1.13;∴K=KvKaKAKB=1.03×1.2×1.0×1.13=1.397又∵ɑa1=arccosdb1/da1=arccos(60.14/68)=28.0268o=28o136;ɑa2=arccosdb2/da2=arccos(2240.56/260)=22.0061o=22o017∴重合度εa=[z(tanɑa1-tanɑ)+z(tanɑa1-tanɑ)]/2∏=[32(tan28.0268o-tan20)+128(tan22.0061o-tan20)]=1.773即Zε=√(4-εa)/3=0.862,且ZE=189.8,ZH=2.5∴σH=ZHZEZε√2KT1(u+1)/bd21u=2.5×189.8×0.862√2×1.397×83510×5.8065/(72×622×5.0