虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：一、与现在事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.动词过去式(或were)2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形ShouldWould+动词原形couldmightIfhadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.二.与将来事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.should+动词原形2.动词过去式3、wereto+动词原形ShouldWould+动词原形CouldmightIfyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean.三、与过去事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句Ifhad+过去分词ShouldWould+have+过去分词couldmightIfI’ddnownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法省掉if的条件从句结构：Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.(=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...)(=Iftherewerenowater,…)(=Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,…)3.有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.五、虚拟语气的其他用法1、Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：suggest,advise,recommend,demand,require,insist,urge,request,order,+that…(should)+动词原形devide,ask,move,propose等注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。Hemadearequestthatthey(should)stopsmoking.如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。Heinsiststhatheisright.2、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：imperative,advisable,动词完成式Itis(was)+important,natural,necessary,+that…(should)+essential,strange,等动词原形Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders.Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.3、wish的用法动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反主语+wish(that)+主语+动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..)IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.)Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：（1）Wehopetheywillcome,(Wedon’tknowiftheycancome.)（2）Wewishtheycouldcome,(Weknowtheyarenotcoming.)4、asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim.5、It’s(high)timethat…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：It’stime(that)youhadahaircut.It’shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.虚拟语气专项练习一（）1.IfIyou,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.A.beB.wasC.wereD.am（）2.IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,theyspeakwishFrenchaccents.A.don'tB.willnotC.mustn'tD.wouldn't（）3.today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesday?A.WereweleavingB.IfweleaveC.WouldweleaveD.Werewetoleave（）4.IfJonetomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?A.werenottocomeB.willnotcomeC.wouldnotcomeD.hadnotcome（）5.“Shedidn'taskme,soIdidn'thelpher?”“Youmeantosay,youwould'vehelpedher?”A.ifsheaskedyouB.ifsheweretoaskyouC.hadsheaskedyouC.wereshetoaskyou（）6.Theytooktheinjuredstraighttothehospital.Otherwisesomeofthem.A.mighthavediedB.mightdieC.woulddieD.coulddie（）7.Iftheyhadknownhim,tohim?A.wouldtheyhavetalkedB.wouldtheytalkC.hadtheytalkedD.theywouldtalk（）8.IfIlivedinthecity,Itravealincrowededbuses,butItoseelotsoffilms.A.shallhaveto/shallbeableB.shallhaveto/amableC.wouldhaveto/wereableD.wouldhaveto/wouldbeable（）9.Iwouldhavegonetotheconcert,ifItime.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad（）10.Iknowit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.A.HaveB.IfC.HadD.Having（）11.yourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.A.BecauseB.BecauseofC.ButD.Butfor（）12.“WhatdidMrSmithsayabouthiscareer?”“Onlythatifheamillionaire,hewouldhavefewerworries.”A.didnotbecomeB.hadnotbecomeC.doesnotbecomeD.hasnotbecome（）13.“Whydidn'tyouhelphim?”“IwouldhaveIdidn'thavethemoney.”A.stillB.butC.otherwiseD.or（）14.“WhoshouldgotoseeLiYing?Heisilltoday.”“IsuggestWangHong.”A.goesB.wouldgoC.goD.went（）15.Thehousemasterwasstrict.Herequestedthatwetelevisiononweeknights.A.notwatchB.mustnottowatchC.notbewatchingD.havenotwatch（）16.Ican'tspeakJapanese,butIdowishI.A.canB.couldC.hadD.speak（）17.“Areyouenjoyingyourstayhere?’“Yes,verymuch.IwishIhavetoleavesosoon.”A.won'tB.don'tC.mustn'tD.didn't（）18.“Whatwillyoudoduringthesummerholidays?”“Idon'tknow,butit'sabouttimeonsomething.”A.I'mdecidingB.I'lldecideC.IdecidedD.I'ddecided（）19.I'dratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.sayB.didn'tsayC.don'tsayD.notsay（）20.“Whydoyouhavetobethereatsix?”“Theteacherdemandsthateveryoneinhisseatatsix.”A.wouldbeB.canbeC.beD.willbe（）21.Hemakesanoteoftheassignmentlestheit.A.forgetsB.forgetC.willforgetD.willnotforget（）22.“howdoesthelibrarianact?”“Heactsasifheawalkingdictionary.”A.wereB.beC.isD.hasbeen（）23.Thereisalawthatdrunkendriversseverelypunished.A.wereB.areC.beD.willbe（）24.IwishyouinterruptwhenI'mtalkingonthephone.A.willnotB.wouldnotC.donotD.didnot（）25.Henrytalkstohisdogasifithim.A.understandsB.understoodC.understandD.wouldunderstand（）26.Jefflookedasifheaghost.A.sawB.hasseenC.hadseenD.wouldsee（）27.Givehermybestregards,.A.shouldyouseehertodayB.ifyousawhertodayC.ifyouwouldseehertodayD.shouldyouhaveseenhertoday（）28.Therewasasuggestionbytheteachersthatthemeetingpostponedforaweek.A.hadbeenB.wouldbeC.wasD.shouldbe（）29.ItishighlydesirablethateveryefforttoreducepollutioninBeijing.A.wasmadeB.bemadeC.willbemadeD.wouldbemade（）30.Themanagerwouldratherthathiswifeworkinthe